Acute respiratory diseases (ORZ) in their prevalence left far behind all known infectious diseases. Their cause is a wide variety of viruses and bacteria affecting the upper respiratory tract. The overwhelming majority of diseases have a viral nature to which respiratory influenza influenza type A and B, paragrippa, adeno, rino- and coronaviruses, respiratory and sycitial viruses, etc. They cause a number of sharp respiratory viral infections (ORVI), among which is influenza Even in the period of epidemics is no more than 20-30%.

Of all the above infections, only the influenza virus is the cause of a devastating pandemic with high morbidity and mortality.

In 2014, about 30 million cases were registered in our country, among which the influenza accounted for 12,836 cases. Outside the flu epidemiological period has a lighter flow, as caused by weakly agent strains. During epidemics and pandemic, the disease acquires a difficult course and even with death. Pneumonia, myocarditis, sinusitis, meningitis and the activation of hidden infections are the main complications of the influenza. Children, elderly and patients with chronic diseases are a threatened contingent on this disease. Vaccination of children suffering from bronchial asthma and other chronic diseases is the necessary measure.

Fig. 1. In the photo of the influenza virus.

Types of influenza viruses

Influenz viruses are divided into three types - A, B and C.

• Type A is divided into subtypes. This unit is based on various types of combination of surface proteins of viruses. Currently circulates among people a subtype of a virus of influenza A (H1N1) and A (H3N2). Flu viruses type A are dangerous for animals. For each type of animal inherent its virus. However, due to permanent mutations, viruses inherent in animals (birds, pigs) become dangerous for humans. Type A viruses cause severe epidemics.
• Flu viruses in circulate only among people are less dangerous and cause epidemics, but they are also able to mutate.
• Influenza type viruses with the most harmless. Infect only people. The disease occurred easily, without complications. Epidemics do not cause.

Fig. 2. Antiviral drugs inhibit the enzyme of the virus to neuraminidase, which contributes to the separation of new viral particles from the host cell.

Influenza and ORVI: Differences

Defeat of the respiratory tract

• At rhinovirus infection, epithelial cells of nasal moves are affected.
• When adenovirus infection develops conjunctivitis in combination with tonsillitis and pharyngitis proceeding with a pronounced exudative component.
• In paragripping infection, laryngitis develops.
• In respiratory and sycitial infection, inflammation develops in bronchi and bronchioles.
• With influenza viruses affect the upper and medium respiratory tract departments. In the clinic of the disease prevail the phenomena of tracheitis.

Fig. 3. In the photo two types of ORVI virus.

Inxication syndrome

• For adenoviral infection, a sharp start is characterized by an increase in body temperature to 38 o C. The state of ailment lasts up to 10 days. Inxication phenomena is weaker than with flu. For increased temperature Body often the overall condition of the patient remains satisfactory.
• With an uncomplicated respiratory-sycitial infection, the body temperature increases slightly, and intoxication phenomena are weakly expressed.
• With mycoplasma damage, the disease develops gradually, but its duration is longer.
• In paragripppe, the symptoms of intoxication are expressed weakly. The disease is developing gradually. By the 3rd day of the disease, the maximum strengthening of symptoms is marked.
• Only with the influenza is pronounced inxication syndrome, which begins to develop from the first hours of the disease. Weakness rapidly increases, severe muscular and articular pain appear. Headache is localized in the frontal part and in the eyeballs. The movement of eyeballs and pressure on them causes an increase in pain. The body temperature in the short time increases to high indicators and keeps short time (up to 3 to 5 days with flu and up to 7 days with influenza B). Another character character indicates a bacterial complication. Fever accompany odors. The disease is dangerous by the development of complications in weakened people, children and elderly.

There are weakly pronounced and erased forms of influenza. It is this category of patients to distribute infection during epidemics and pandemics.

Today there are several methods of laboratory diagnosis of influenza, including express tests, however, in the practice of a polyclinic doctor, they are rarely applied, since the diagnosis is raised during the epidemic period does not cause special difficulties.

During the lack of an epidemic, the proportion of the disease in the ARVI structure does not reach 10%.

Fig. 4. Fever and strong headache - the main symptoms of influenza.

Forecast of the disease

In September 2015, the World Health Organization published a forecast for an epidemic situation on the influenza.

• It is assumed that at the epidemic season 2016 - 2017, the rise of the incidence of ARVI, including influenza, will be high intensity.
• The dominance will be a pandemic flu virus A (H1N1) 09, which was previously called "pork".
• At the same time, seasonal influenza A (H3N2) and B. will circulate viruses.

Russian specialists involve the rise in incidence in the 2nd decade of 2016, with a peak in mid-January 2017. The incidence of influenza is assumed to be moderate intensity. Types A (H1N1), A (H3N2) and B. are prevailing.

The high mutational ability of influenza viruses leads to the emergence of new antigenic subtypes and new viruses. So in recent years, new high-fingered flu viruses A (H5N1, H7N9, etc.), coronaviruses and other pathogens of ORVI have appeared.

Fig. 5. In the photo influenza viruses.

Antiviral drugs

Several groups are used to treat influenza antiviral drugs:

• antiviral drugs of the 2nd generation (neuraminidase inhibitors),
• other antiviral drugs
• interferon preparations,
• interferon inductors.

Antiviral preparations of the first generation

The first generation antiviral drugs (M2 channel blockers) were synthesized in 1961. Their representatives are Rimantadin and Algire, which were used for A. The effectiveness of Rimantadina in the past reached 70 - 90%. Currently, the reception of these drugs is not recommended due to the development of the sustainability of the majority of influenza viruses. The drug does not act on other causative agents at all.

Second-generation antiviral drugs

The second-generation antiviral drugs (neuraminidase inhibitors) are developed relatively recently. They prevent the process of reproduction and spread influenza viruses in the patient's body. Antiviral drugs inhibit the enzyme of the virus to neuraminidase, which contributes to the separation of new viral particles from the host cell. To the drugs of this group include Osseltamivir (Tamiflu)and Zanamivir (Releza).

• The second-generation antiviral drugs are active only against influenza viruses type A and B, including pandemic. They are used only for and are not used to treat other ARVI.
• Preparations have a powerful therapeutic effect with their prema no later than 24 - 48 days from the beginning of the first signs of the disease.
• Enhances the effect and prevents the development of drug sustainability. Simultaneous reception of drugs of this group with other antiviral drugs and interferon inductors.

WHO recommends that the influenza receive the drug in 2017 Osseltamivir (Tamiflu).The drug is effective against influenza caused by strains of viruses A and V. Oseltamivirumuch less often than other antiviral drugs are developed stability.

Zanyvir It does not apply widely in clinical practice due to the inhalation method of its application and the development of a number of unwanted reactions.

The unreasonable use of antiviral drugs leads to the development of drug sustainability.

Fig. 6. The oseltamivir antiviral drug (Tamiflu) is active only for influenza viruses type A and B, including pandemic. Recommended for the treatment of the disease in 2017.

Other antiviral drugs

Inhavirin It has a triple effect - antiviral, anti-inflammatory and immunoral. The drug suppresses the reproduction of influenza viruses of type A and B, is active with respect to the "Pork Grip" viruses. Under influence IngaVerina In the blood of the patient, the production of interferons and nk-t cells, destroying viruses, is suppressed, the products of anti-inflammatory cytokines are suppressed.

Arbidol.developed by domestic scientists. Today the drug is one of the most studied antiviral drugs. Arbidol in oppressively acts not only for influenza viruses of type A and B, but also to other viruses. The drug is practically no sustainability. Arbidol is used with therapeutic and prophylactic goal. Reception of the drug reduces treatment time and reduces the number of postgrippose complications.

Anaferon - Complex drug that has antiviral, immunomodulating and anti-inflammatory effect. It is used for the treatment and prevention of ARVI, including influenza.

Preparations Inhavirinand Arbidol. Recommended for the treatment of influenza in adults in the Russian Federation.

Interferon preparations

Interferons are the first line of protection against many types of viruses, including influenza viruses. Interferon drugs are intended for the treatment and prevention of a number of ARVI. In the human body, interferons are produced by blood cells in response to the invasion of viruses and suppress the reproduction of viruses in infected cells. Preparations of this group are obtained from donor blood, and also created by genetic engineering.

The preparations are widely used in our country. Flu, alfaron and ingaron in the form of nasal droplets and Viferonin the form of ointments, gels and candles.

- Menno-seiner recombinant drug interferon α-2b. The drug is active with respect to a number of viruses causing ARVI. His reception promotes the treatment time and reduces the number of its complications.

Fig. 8. In the photo, the geninous-seiner recombinant drug interferon α-2B infpoferon.

Interferon inductors

Preparations Inductors of interferon possess antiviral action by adjusting the body's immune status. They are caused in macrophages, leukocytes, epithelial cells, liver cells, spleen, brain and light synthesis of own α- and β-interferons. Interferon inductors include synthetic and natural compounds: Amixin, Cycloferon, Ridostin, Dibazole, Tiloron, Cycloferon, Kagole, Neovir and Ergoferon.

Interferon inductors are gloriergenic, while taking a long time to stimulate the production of own interferons, well combined with antibiotics, antiviral drugs, immunomodulators and other drugs. Viral resistance is not developing to the drugs of interferon inductors. Preparations like Cycloferon, Neovir, Tiloron and Kagocell Developed by domestic scientists.

Kagelinin the Russian Federation, included in the standards for the treatment of medium-heavy and heavy forms of influenza in adults. The drug is included in the list of vital drugs and enters the federal reserve stock of drugs. The drug has a positive effect also in the treatment of other viral diseases. The maximum therapeutic effect of the drug has when taking a period of up to 4 days. It is shown to use in children from 3 years of age.

Ergoferon It has antiviral and anti-inflammatory effect, has an antihistamine effect. The drug is recommended for the treatment of ARVI, including influenza in patients of different ages, including those suffering from chronic diseases with hydrogenated allergic.

Fig. 9. Inductor Interferon Kagocel and Amixin for the prevention and treatment of influenza in children and adults.

Influenza prevention in children and adults

Influenza vaccination annually prevents thousands of cases of influenza disease, reduces the level of fatal diseases. Even in case of incomprehension of the composition of vaccine with types and subtypes of viruses, the perpetrators of epidemics, the influenza vaccination will still have a positive effect due to antigens common for different strains of influenza viruses.

Influenza flu vaccine reduces:

• morbidity morbidity and mortality;
• the incidence of bronchial and lungs during the flu epidemic;
• the incidence of other ARVI during epidemics.

Vaccinoprophilaxia, carried out for 2 years, has a more powerful protective effect than one-time prevention. Than more members Families or team are covered by vaccination, the higher the collective immunity.

Fig. 10. Influenza vaccination will protect against the disease of adults and children.

Composition of vaccines

3.9 million deaths in the world are associated with ORZ. From 30 to 50% of all cases of pneumonia constitute pneumonia, the cause of which was ARVI. Pneumonia, myocarditis, sinusitis, meningitis and the activation of hidden infections are the main complications of the influenza. Influenza viruses are able to lead to death. Such a situation dictates the need to carry out prevention and treatment of not only influenza, but also other sharp respiratory viral infections.

According to WHO and Russian specialists, flu vaccination is the most effective means of preventing the disease.

Influenza vaccine contains 2 types of viruses: A (H3N2), A (H1N1) and type B. Based on the constant monitoring of scientists for circulation of different types of viruses, the composition of the flu vaccine is constantly changing. Annual vaccination creates immunity in the human body to new virus strains. In 2016, updated anti-happose domestic and foreign vaccines will be applied. 2 strains are replaced in vaccines.

• A / CALIFORNIA / 7/2009 (H1N1) PDM09;
• A / SWITZERLAND / 9715293/2013 (H3N2) - like a virus;
• B / Phuket / 3073/2013-like virus.

New vaccines simultaneously protect from 3 types of most common viruses. Even if the WHO forecast regarding the composition of influenza viruses is not justified, vaccination still remains effective due to antigens, common for different strains of influenza viruses.

The effectiveness of vaccination does not exceed 80%, therefore, the WHO urgently recommends the use of antiviral drugs in addition to prophylactic vaccination.

Vaccines

influenza prevention uses inactivated and living vaccines, which include type A viruses A / H1N1 /, A / H3N2 / and type V.

Inactivated vaccines are represented by solidarion, split (split-vaccines) and subunit vaccines. Split and subunit vaccines are characterized by a high degree of cleaning. The Russian Vaccine Grippol (subunit vaccine) includes an immunostimulator of polyoxidonium.

When having influenza vaccinations in children, highly purified inactivated new generation vaccines are used, which have reduced reactogenicity:

• Vaccines subunit: Inflivak, Grippol, Agrippal.
• Split vaccines: Fluarix, Vaxigripp, Begdenivak.

Russian vaccines are inactivated solidarionic more reactive. They are designed to vaccinate adults, teenagers and children of 7 years and older. These vaccines are entered only intranasally.

Fig. 11. In the photo of flu vaccine.

Technology conducting influenza vaccination

Immunity after the influenza vaccination should work out at the beginning of the epidemic period (December - February), for which immunization is carried out in September - October.

Adults should receive one dose of vaccine. Due to the presence of immunological memory of the antibody in the body of an adult appear in a week.

There are no immunological memory for previously vaccinated children, so two children's vaccines at an interval of 4 weeks are initially introduced. In the subsequent vaccination, only one children's dose of vaccine is introduced.

The influenza vaccine is administered in an injection. Some vaccines are introduced intranasally. In this case, the method of introducing the vaccine sharply reduces the risk of unwanted reactions and local immunity is created.

Fig. 12. Influenza vaccines are introduced subcutaneously into the upper third of the shoulder and intranasally.

Contraindications

• Absolute contraindication to vaccination is a strong reaction to the previous introduction of the vaccine.
• Not recommended to instill persons with severe allergies, as well as persons with allergies on chicken and quail eggs, aminoglycosides and other products that are used in vaccine production.
• Vaccination can not be carried out in the period acute disease Or exacerbation of chronic.
• Contraindication to vaccination are progressive diseases of the nervous system.

Persons with immunodeficiencies, nursing and pregnant women can be vaccinated from influenza, but it is necessary to use subunit and split-vaccines.

Fig. 13. Influenza vaccination at school and at the subway.

Adverse reactions

The adverse reactions to influenza vaccine are developing extremely rare. Basically, they are limited to local blundering of the skin and a small increase in body temperature for several days.

The coming epidemic season of 2017 is characterized by the circulation of different types and subtypes of influenza viruses and the appearance of new ARVI causative agents. For the prevention and treatment of acute respiratory viral diseases, domestic health care has a necessary set of antiviral preparations and vaccines, inexpensive and highly efficient.

Every year, viral pathogens of sharp respiratory infections are undergoing mutations, as a result, epidemiological indicators are inevitably growing. In the current period, a record number of cases accounted for influenza 2016 - symptoms and the treatment of this pathology are complicated by the emergence of new antigenic strains resistant to preventive measures and vaccination. These include the subtypes of the Virus group A (H1N1, H2N2) and V.

Prevention and treatment of early influenza symptoms 2016

According to the conclusion of the World Health Organization, the only true measure of prevention is vaccination. This year, the vaccination includes 3 prevailing flu strains:

• A / SWITZERLAND / 9715293/2013 (H3N2);
• A / CALIFORNIA / 7/2009 (H1N1) PDM09 is the main virus;
• B / Phuket / 3073/2013.

Despite the proven effectiveness of existing vaccines, they work only in 80% of cases, so therapists advise the use of additional antiviral drugs.

To treat the first symptoms of influenza 2016, the following means are recommended in the incubation period:

• Tamiflu;
• Releza;
• Tiloron;
• Cycloferon;
• Kagole;
• Arbidol;
• Ergferon;
• Inhavirin;
• Anaferon.

It is worth noting that Relza and Tamiflu are effective only in the first 48 hours from the emergence of early signs of the disease. If therapy begins later, it is advisable to use other drugs from the list.

Basic symptoms and flu treatment during the epidemic 2016

With a normally functioning immune system clinical manifestations ARVI is expressed weak and do not even require special therapy.

In cases where there is a heavy version of the flow of influenza, the following characteristic features arise:

• a sharp rise of body temperature above 38.5 degrees;
• severe weakness and drowsiness;
• reduced performance;
• dizziness;
• abundant sweating;
• photophobia;
• the occurrence of cough and runny nose only after 2-3 days from the debut of the disease;
• painful feelings Behind the sternum, in the field of trachea;
• lomotics in large joints and muscles;
• nausea;
• redness of eye proteins, tear;
• headache;
• feeling of gravity in the field of abnormal arcs;
• difficulty breathing on inhalation;
• dyspnea.

Rarely join such manifestations of intoxication as vomiting and disorder of digestion.

For all varieties of flu, a single treatment algorithm has long been developed:

• bed mode;
• daily air ventilation;
• frequent wet cleaning;
• abundant drink;
• diet with a predominance of light soups, boiled meat, croup, vegetables and fruits;
• reception of vitamins (Supradin, Witrum).

A medical approach is to facilitate the main signs of the disease.

For the treatment of influenza 2016 symptoms, anti-inflammatory preparations are paracetamol, ibuprofen and their analogues. They allow you to reduce the severity of pain syndromes, losses in the joints, reduce body temperature.

If there are additional signs (cough, mucous meal, rope) appropriate medications:

• mukolithic;
• antihistamines;
• vasoconstrictors.

It is important to remember that the therapy of progressive symptoms is carried out only under the control of the doctor, since ARVI often causes complications in the form of pneumonia, otites and sinusitis.

Treatment of flu symptoms 2016 by folk remedies

Alternative medicine refers to symptomatic therapy, trying to cure heavy flu forms with it is very dangerous.

Simple and effective folk Methods Facilitating signs of ARVI:

1. Each day to eat garlic clove or a little onion, deeply inhale their fragrance.
2. Add fresh lemon juice to drinking water (1 tbsp. Spoon per 1 liter).
3. Use warm compotes or diluted with water jam.
4. Instead of tea to take herbal decoctions Based on the colors of chamomile, raspberry and currant leaves, rosehip fruits.
5. Making hot 10-minute hand baths.

WomanAdvice.ru.

Influenza 2016: How to avoid infection?

Autumn is already on the threshold, which means that seasonal diseases make themselves felt. We will study the features of flu this year, methods of treatment and prevention, as well as the main symptoms of the illness.

Information that the virus mutates not the first year at all for hearing. The best WHO experts are studying his species, analyze and predict what kind of strain will make himself felt in the autumn-winter period and will become a real test for human health.

Every year, people with low immunity suffer from seasonal infectious and viral diseases. The main danger of the disease is that the virus is subject to frequent mutations. Every 10-20 years, the epidemiological situation is radically changing and complicated by the full modification of the strain. But this does not mean that the symptoms of the disorder changes radically. As a rule, more dangerous symptoms are added to the "classic" features.

For 2015-2016, epidemiologists expect influenza flashes for November-January. And this means that planned vaccination will be carried out in September-October. But for this season, experts predict a stable situation even in the first months of cold weather. Therefore, there is a wonderful chance to prepare for a meeting with infection and neutralize it.

Flu season 2016 - Hidden danger

At the coming season, do not foreshadow the catastrophic flashes of influenza. But this does not mean that it is not necessary to carry out the prevention of the ailment. Since the virus is rightfully considered the most dangerous among well-known viral lesions. The greatest danger of the disease is for people with chronic diseases of the respiratory system and weakened by the immune system. The risk group includes elderly, pregnant and children.

In 2016, analysts predict an insignificant activity of early well-known strains:

• A / CALIFORNIA / 7/2009 (H1N1) PDM09 - a pork influenza subtype, which became known in 2009. It is this virus that caused the epidemic around the world. The greatest danger is complications that very often lead to death. Infection can cause sinusitis, pneumonia and even inflammation of the brain shells.
• A / Switzerland / 9715293/2013 (H3N2) is a subtype of strain A. His danger in complications that are pathologically affected by the cardiovascular system.
• B / PHUKET / 3073/2013 (B / Yamagata) and B / Brisbane / 60/2008 - Subtype strain in, refers to little learned viruses. The disease is difficult to diagnose due to lubricated symptoms. But doctors do not consider it dangerous, as it does not cause a hazardous complications.

The solution of influenza problem is significantly complicated by the fact that the symptoms that appear on it early stagemay be observed with other diseases. Under the mask of influenza infection can be: angrint, edible poisoning, abdominal typhoid, rheumatism, dysentery, tuberculosis and other disorders. The influenznous respiratory lesions are known, which flow as influenza, but caused by completely other viruses.

To date, eight families of such viruses are known, they include breast cancer viruses, adenoviruses, paragripping and 1 grade viruses. Diseases caused by such an infection resemble real flu. To determine the true pathogen, which caused the flash is carried out by the study of antibodies.

Influenza 2015-2016: Special Risk Groups

Any disease has certain risk groups among people who are predisposed to infection. Since the influenza infection is a respiratory disease caused by viruses, its main danger is a high level of contagiousness, a serious flow and mass of complications. With incorrect treatment or absence, there may be fatal.

Consider who enters into groups of risk in the incidence of influenza infection:

• Newborn children

Kids have no immunity, which significantly increases the risk of infection. The situation is complicated by the fact that up to six months, the planned vaccination is not carried out. To prevent the disease, it is recommended to comply with preventive techniques. So, if a baby is breastfeeding, then the mother should be vaccinated. This will allow the baby to get antibodies through milk. All who contact with the child should also be grafted. If someone from family members appeared symptoms of infection, any contacts with newborns are contraindicated.

• Pregnant

Immunity is weakened due to hormonal rearrangements caused by the development of the fetus. Flu 2016 in pregnant woman is dangerous for both the woman herself and for her child. The most serious consequence of the ailment is premature childbirth. If the woman transfers the disease on the legs, then this can lead to the development of various defects in the fetus, even miscarriages. Prevent these processes can be timely vaccination and conducting preventive measures.

• Elderly people

The risk of infection is caused by a number of factors, first of all, is a large number of chronic diseases and a natural decrease in immunity. A detrimental effect has distrust of vaccination.

In addition to the categories described above, people with chronic diseases and disabilities are included in the risk group, patients with neurological development, asthmatics, patients with chronic lesions of lungs, kidney and liver, as well as people with delays in development and mental disorders.

World Flu Flu 2016 - already on the threshold

Mixovirus Influenzae That is, the flu virus is part of the Orthomyxoviridae family and has three forms: A, B, C. Types A and B are found in humans. Virus A is the main source of the influenza epidemic, and the type in provokes softer forms of the disease. The infection is determined by antigenic properties, that is, for differentiation A and in types, a solution of antigen of matrix proteins and antigens of non-neglenes are used.

Consider the main clinical signs of viruses and their stage (found all over the world):

World statistics indicate that every year about 15% of humanity suffers from influenza. It is this ailment that the irreversible damage to the structures of the brain and the cardiovascular system entails. The European Disease Control and Prevention Center predicts the low activity of infection for the coming year. But individual cases of infection are possible, which can be warned by a timely vaccine.

Flu epidemic 2016.

The beginning of the influenza epidemic is predicted for January-February 2016. There is still enough time to think about prevention options or take vaccination. A sharp leap of morbidity is possible in November-December of this year. The danger of the ailment is that only limited funds are required to eliminate it.

Every year more than 200 thousand people die of illness and its complications. Since infection occurs airborneThe flu lens in the form of epidemics, that is, sharp flashes that quickly and suddenly apply. In particularly sharp periods, up to 50-70% of the total population can be infected.

To prevent the catastrophic scale of the disease, it is recommended to carry out prevention. Today, vaccination is considered the most effective. This method not only decreases the mortality rate and maintains health, but also has a significant economic effect. This is due to the fact that economic damage from the defeat of the virus of one person is more than $ 100, and the cost of vaccination is 6-8 times lower than damages from the ailment.

For the season 2015-2016, the composition of anti-happose vaccines is updated, according to the recommendation of the World Health Organization. Two strains are replaced in the vaccine and now it protects from three most commonly found and causing severe complications of viruses.

The strain composition of anti-infamous vaccines:

• A / CALIFORNIA / 7/2009 (H1N1) PDM09
• A / SWITZERLAND / 9715293/2013 (H3N2) - like a virus
• B / Phuket / 3073/2013-like virus

Mandatory vaccination free of charge is subject to: children from 6 months, schoolchildren, students, employees of medical, educational, transport and utilities. And also pregnant women, patients over 60 years old, persons subject to military service and people with chronic diseases. The procedure is allowed to be carried out simultaneously with other vaccinations, except for vaccination against tuberculosis.

Flu 2016 in Russia

According to forecasts federal Service Health, increasing the incidence of influenza and sharp respiratory viral infections will begin from January 2016. In disgrace, the epidemic of moderate intensity is supposed to be unfavorable. According to preliminary estimates of WHO in 2016, such strains will prevail: AH1N1, AH3N2 and influenza B. These strains became the basis of the Infapol Plus vaccine, which Russians are going to vaccinate.

All districts are monitored by the incidence level to prevent an epidemic. The flu is dangerous by the development of complications, the most adverse of which is pneumonia. To date, this complication occupies a leading position among infectious diseases. Particular attention is paid to public awareness at the regions level.

In medical institutions, quarantine-restrictive events have been developed. For the period of the epidemic, additional bed-places are harvested and drugs are purchased, which will allow the patients to be hospitalized in a timely manner and start therapy.

Flu 2016 in Ukraine

The World Health Organization published a prognosis for the circulation of influenza virus strains in this epidemic season for the northern hemisphere, which will most likely affect Ukraine. According to the data obtained, the composition of viruses was updated, so vaccination is necessary for people with a weakened immune system.

• A / CALIFORNIA / 7/2009 (H1N1) PDM09
• A / Switzerland / 9715293/2013 # 01
• In PHUKET / 3073/2013

In the last epidemic season, about 5.4 million cases of influenza infection were registered. At the same time, about 13% of the total population, 49% of them - children under 16 years old. The Ukrainian Center for Control and Monitoring Diseases regularly analyzes the immune layer of the population. Fresh information indicates the insufficient immunological protection of Ukrainians, which threatens the epidemic condition and hazardous complications of influenza.

Flu symptoms 2016: warned - it means armed

Clinical signs of influenza and ORVI have a lot in common due to the damage to the respiratory tract and general-toxic symptoms. Influenza is a sharp, infectious disease with moderate catarrhal signs and sharp toxicosis. The greatest defeat falls on the trachea and large bronchi. Symptoms varies and depends on the immune status of the organism of the patient and age, as well as from the type of virus and its strain.

In 2015-2016, there may be both uncomplicated and complicated forms of illness. The incubation period can last from several hours to 1-5 days. After that, sharp clinical manifestations begin. The severity of any form depends on the severity and duration of intoxication and catarrhal.

Intoxication

The main feature that manifests itself in the first clock of infection. The disease begins with a sharp increase in temperature, from subfebris values \u200b\u200bto hyperthermia. If the disease has light shape, The temperature is not high. The severity of intoxication shows the level of fever. When infected with the type A virus (H1N1), the symptoms of intoxication are poorly pronounced even at a very high body temperature.

• Temperature - acute and short. The fever period lasts 2-6 days, after which the temperature decreases. If it is saved for a long period of time, it indicates complications.
• Headache - easy sensations Arise in the frontal and superlord area, increase when the eye apple moves. The severity of pain can be different, but, as a rule, it is moderate. Pronounced pains are accompanied by sleep disorders, bits of vomiting and adverse symptoms from the CNS.
• The general weakness is this feature also relates to intoxication syndrome. Fatigue appears, increased sweating, a sense of breakdown. The patient complains about muscle and articular pain, lubrication in the whole body, and especially in the lumbar-sacral region.
• Appearance - The face of the patient looks reddish, conjunctivitis, light-in-friendly and tears are possible.

Catarial syndrome.

Another leading sign of influenza infection. But, as a rule, he retreats to the background, and in some cases there is no. The duration of the catarrhal syndrome is 7-10 days, but the cough can persist longer.

• The rotogling is observed redness of a soft sky with a distinction from a solid sky. By 3 Diseases, redness changes to the vascular mesh. If illness has a difficult course, small hemorrhages and sinusiness appear on the soft sky. The mucous membrane is restored to 7-8 days of treatment.
• Nasopharynx - nasal mucosa hyperemic, dry, swelling. Nasal sinks swollen, which greatly complicates breathing. These symptoms occur for 2-3 days of the disease and are accompanied by discharge from the nose. In the case of toxic damage to vascular walls and intensive sneezing, nasal bleeding can be.
• Cough, tracheobronchitis, laryngitis - painful sensations for the sternum, dry cough appear. If the flu is uncomplicated, then the cough is saved 5-6 days. In addition, there is a rapid breathing, throat pain, voices, wheezing.

• Cardiovascular system - changes due to toxic damage to the heart muscle. With increasing temperature, there is a rapid heartbeat, which is accompanied by the pale of the skin. After that, lethargy appears, slowing the pulse and redness of the skin.
• The digestive system is the changes are undetected. There is a decrease in appetite, constipation, deterioration of intestinal peristals. The language appears white flare, it is possible a bowel disorder.
• The urinary system - since viruses are derived from the body through the kidneys, this leads to damage to the renal tissue. In urine tests, protein and blood elements appear.
• CNS - toxic reactions from the nervous system entail strong headaches, drowsiness, anxiety, convulsions and loss of consciousness. In rare cases, meningial symptoms are found.

If the flu proceeds in extremely severe form, then complications can lead to a brain edene and other pathologies. The lightning form of influenza lesion represents a serious danger of fatal outcome. Patients with chronic diseases and a weakened immune system fall into the risk group. This form causes swelling of the lungs and brain, various bleeding, pronounced respiratory failure and other complications.

Fluity Flu 2016.

Despite the fact that the season of sharp infectious diseases began, medical statistics leads to horror. Fluity features 2016 is that after the first week of the new year, the disease struck about 125 thousand people. But the worst is an increase in the number of deaths.

The disease causes the influenza virus an1n1, which for the first time gave itself to know in 2009. The average incidence of pork flu is 570 patients for 10 thousand population. In Ukraine, the highest rate of pathology was recorded in the Kiev and Odessa regions, they are less ill in Transcarpathian and Ternopil regions. In Russia, this strain is also raging.

Since the infection is constantly mutating, it significantly complicates the process of diagnosis and treatment. In connection with the epidemiological situation, enhanced anti-epidemic regime is introduced in many cities. Schools and kindergartens are closed on quarantine, infectious hospitals are filled with, mask mode is entered. All the forces are thrown to inform the public about the dangerous disease and the peculiarities of its warning.

Who to contact?

What is the difference between cold and flu?

Many people believe that flu is synonymous with colds. Only the temperature rose, a runny nose appeared and cough, patients immediately make a diagnosis of influenza. Of course, this approach is completely wrong. It is very important to understand the difference between these diseases. Cold is a soft disease with gentle symptoms. Influenza and its complications may cause pneumonia and fatal outcome.

Infection is a viral disease that is accompanied by high temperature, muscle and articular pains, weakness. The cold is a broader concept consisting of a complex of symptoms, which are caused by both bacteria and viruses. That is, for the treatment of influenza, it is necessary special medicineAnd with a cold, you need to establish a kind of illness and only after that appoint the therapy.

• The cold develops slowly, as a rule, with ailment, and flu - with a sharp jump of temperature and increased weakness.
• The cold may be both viral and bacterial etiology, flu - acute viral defeat.
• Bacteriological studies are used to diagnose influenza, and laboratory has been used to confirm the cold.
• As a rule, the cold has a favorable outcome, and the flu, especially heavy and running forms, leads to complications and even a fatal outcome.

Influenza, ARVI and ORZ are colds that have overall symptoms, but differ in the nature of their current and duration.

As a rule, the incidence rate increases from the end of August and keeps the spring period. Influenza is characterized by epidemiological flashes in December-February.

How to treat flu 2016?

At the first symptoms of ailments, it is very important to correctly react and prevent the development of infection. The treatment of influenza is a set of procedures that allow you to destroy the virus and restore the normal functioning of the body with minimal complications.

Consider the algorithm that should be followed in the influenza infection:

• Bed regime

Disease cannot be transferred on the legs, so during this period it is necessary to comply with bedding and sleep more. But do not forget that the ailment is not a reason to spend time watching the TV or at the computer.

• Drinking mode

During the disease, an increased sweating is observed, which can lead to dehydration. Therefore, to maintain the water-salt balance, it is necessary to consume a sufficient amount of fluid (herbal teas, juices, frost, clean water).

• Climate in the apartment

It is necessary to regularly carry out wet cleaning in the room, since the wet climate helps it easier to carry the disease. Road ventilation will allow you to remove clug microbes and viruses. In addition, fresh air contributes to recovery and improves well-being. You can use various aroma lamps with aromamaslas or salt lamps that kill microbes.

• Food

Despite the fact that in the first days of the appetite, the appetite is significantly reduced, the proper nutrition will enrich the body and a weakened immune system with vitamins and useful substances. Food must be lightweight, cereal, soups, boiled meat, fruits and vegetables should prevail in the diet.

• Vitamins

Help to maintain the body in the tone and faster eliminate the symptoms of the disease. Good immunomodulatory action possess vitamin complexes - Vitruum and Supradin.

In addition to the above-described methods of treatment, there is also medical therapy. The reception of drugs should be aware and recommended attending physician. Alone to take pills contraindicated. Today, the deficit in the choice of drugs that eliminate viral and colds is not. Consider their classification by general features.

Medicines for symptomatic therapy

Preparations of this category eliminate only symptoms of the disease: high temperature, muscle and headaches, nasal congestion, cough. Such pills do not affect the virus, so they should be used as a secondary means.

• Package and antipyretic drugs - possess an analgesic effect, remove muscle and articular pain.
• Vasomotoring drugs - help eliminate the nasal congestion, the swelling of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract and the nasal sinuses.
• Antihistamines - reduce the edema of the mucous membranes, eliminate inflammation, tearing and itching. Most often, patients are prescribed: chloropenamine, promethazine.

The above-described drugs do not eliminate viral infection, but soften its symptoms. The duration of therapy is 3-5 days.

Preparations affecting the immune system and virus

These funds are prescribed only after establishing the cause of the disease and the type of virus. Antiviral and immunomodulatory drugs destroy the virus and prevent the possibility of developing the pathogen. Preparations of this category are classified by the mechanism of action:

• Neuraminidase inhibitors - stop the spread of infection in the body, reduce the risk of developing complications. Most often, patients are prescribed: oseltamivir and zanamivir.
• Interferon inductors are perfectly combined with other antiviral agents and strengthen their action. Contribute to developing in the body of proteins that suppress infection. Effective as a prophylactic agent during influenza epidemics. This category includes: cycloferon, arbidol, amiksin.
• M2 virus protein blockers - type A. Antiviral agents are prescribed very rarely, as they have a lot of side effects: Rimantadine, Amantadine
• In addition to the above-described funds, drugs of antiviral character are distinguished, consider them:
• Homeopathic medicines - Aflubin, Anaferon, Arbidol, Antigrippin.
• Immunostimulating agents - Cordell, Imudon, Kagelin, Amiksin.
• Antifier - ACC, Lazolyvan, Codelak, Liebeksin, Synecode.
• To remove the inflammation of the throat and the runny nose - Faringosept, Strepsils, Nazivin, naphtizin, sinuperet.
• Antiviral powders - Torka, Lexipal, Nurofen, Panadol, Tamaflu, Codelmikst.

Any drugs aimed at treating viral disease should be appointed by the attending physician. Their independent use may cause serious side effects from all organs and systems, which will aggravate the course of the main disease.

See also:

• The most modern means from influenza
• Flu treatment by folk methods
• Households from influenza: what to choose?

Flu complications 2016.

AH1N1 or swine flu struck the world in 2009, taking a lot of human lives with him. This year a mutated strain appeared, which also caused deaths. His danger in rapid spread, especially in rainy and crude weather. Since this winter lives on the weather in the fall, it is precisely that this can be explained by the current epidemiological situation.

The danger of the virus in its complications. Influenza 2016 causes viral pneumonia antibiotics. The disease quickly affects the lungs and vascular system, provoking swelling, which can lead to death in 24 hours. Prerequisites for secondary infection are associated with a weakened immune system. Because of the serious inflammatory process, it is unable to deal with new pathologies.

Signs of secondary infection in the influenza surgery differ depending on the general condition of the body and bacteria that caused pathology. But characteristic of all the symptom (appears on the 3-6 day of the disease), the second wave of fever stands. From now on, the life of the patient depends on the effectiveness of treatment.

Consider the most frequent complications of flu 2016:

• Pneumonia is the danger of lung inflammation in the fact that it appears suddenly when it seems that the disease retreated. High body temperature 39-40 ° С is accompanied by chirling, pains in chest, cough with mocroid and blood.
• Sinusitis - a long-term inflammatory process in the nasopharynk causes strong headaches, changes in voice. It is possible to redness of the skin and the selection of pus from the nasal sinuses.
• Otitis - this complication is found in both children and adults. There are strong pains in ears with sharp shootings that are enhanced during the conversation, eating or pressing on the ear.

With timely medical care, these bacterial complications can be quickly eliminated. For treatment, a wide range of antibiotics and vitamin therapy is used.

More dangerous complications:

• Hypertoxic pneumonia - many experts refer to this pathology to the varieties of influenza, but in fact it is its consequence. The body temperature exceeds the threshold of 40 ° C, accompanied by neurotoxicosis, convulsions, hallucinations, nasal bleeding. It is this pathology that the main cause of deaths for influenza.
• Ray's syndrome - as a rule, occurs in patients children's age up to 12 years old. It occurs due to the use during aspirin therapy, which destroys the functioning of the liver and the central nervous system. Half the case, this leads to death. The first symptoms appear on 5-6 sickness day. Children begin cramps, respiratory disorders, increased drowsiness, apathy, coma. The only prevention of this pathology is the refusal of aspirin during the treatment of viral infections.
• Guillana Barre syndrome is another complication that is most often found in children. It makes itself felt 1-2 weeks after influenza. The child suffers from muscle pain, increased weakness, failures heart Rhythm and blood pressure, renal disorders. The main cause of the disorder is that the body produces antibodies to their nervous system cells that have been infected with the virus. The sharp period lasts for a month, and for full recovery will be required years. Without timely medical care, the child faces paralysis, and even death.

Another group of influenza complications are brain lesions and CNS. Children, people with predisposition to violations of brain, pregnant and older patients fall into the risk group.

• Meningitis - strong headaches appear in combination with vomiting and increased tone muscles nape and neck. In particularly severe cases, the patient throws the head back. The pathology forecast depends on the results of the diagnosis, but, as a rule, unfavorable.
• Encephalitis - Influencing infection affects the bark of large hemispheres and brain vessels. Develops at the acute stage of influenza, that is, in the first days. Against this background appears heat, cramps, loss of consciousness and even violation of speech function. May lead to paralysis or pares.
• Arachnoiditis - this complication has a hidden character, as it may appear in a couple of months, and even a year after a flu is lesion. For its slow flow inherent increasing symptoms. Patients complain of frequent headaches, nausea, noise in the ears, increased fatigue. Epileptic seizures appear, visual acuity is reduced. Most often, the arachnoid is detected with differential diagnosis with oncology.

The pathology described above is only a small part of what flu can lead to. The reason for concern should be unexpectedly arising, uncharacteristic for viral infection symptomatomy. At the first signs of the pathological condition, it is necessary to seek medical attention. After a comprehensive examination, the doctor will determine the reality of the threat of complications.

How to prevent flu in this season 2015-2016?

Many preventive measures are used to prevent influenza. But special attention is paid to vaccination, which is a specific immunoprophylaxis.

To date, there are three generations of vaccines - solidarion, split, subunit. They are in their composition virus antigens, which allows the body to develop protection. But this method has a number of shortcomings. Valuation is made from one virus, so if a different look appears during the epidemic, the vaccination will not protect and have to be vaccinated again. Do not forget about those cases when the vacuum caused a number of negative consequences. Therefore, this method is a personal choice of each.

See also: influenza vaccination

Common methods of preventing infection:

• Strengthening the immune system - in preventive purposes it is recommended to take immunostimulating drugs and conduct hardening the body.
• Vitaminotherapy - to strengthen the protective properties of the immune system, natural vitamins are excellent, which are contained in fresh vegetables, fruits and greens.
• Hygiene - after visiting the street, thoroughly wash your hands with soap and clean the nose with a salt of sea salt.
• Avoid places of accumulation of people - during the epidemic period to give up visiting public places and transport. To prevent infection, wear a gauze bandage.
• A healthy climate in the room - regularly spend wet cleaning and venting. If you have a moisturizer, aroma lamp or a salt lamp, then use them, they kill the microbes indoors and refresh the air.

Influenza 2016 is a seasonal ailment, whose appearance can be prepared. Conducting elementary preventive measures will allow to protect against acute viral infection.

Fluity with flu in 2016

According to official data in the current year, about 30 people died in Ukraine from influenza infection. Fluity with influenza in 2016 is many times higher than this indicator over the past period. From the beginning of the epidemic season, that is, from October 1, 2015 and to this day, about 2.5 million cases of influenza and ORVI. About 4% of all patients were hospitalized, most of which children under 17 are 75%.

The seriousness of the situation is exacerbated by a sharp increase in mortality. In this season, pork flu prevails (California strain). 80% of deaths are associated with late circulation for medical help (for 5-6 days). This indicates that many people do not fulfill elementary preventive recommendations.

To date, it is difficult to predict the scale and mortality of the influenza epidemic. Therefore, at the first signs of illness, it is necessary to seek medical attention. In order to prevent pathology and its complications, it is very important to carry out prevention:

1. Always wash your hands - in most cases, infection occurs contact. Malicious microorganisms can live on the surface of infected items for several hours, and even weeks. Disinfect your hands after visiting public transport and other places of accumulation of people.
2. Limit the use of alcohol and nicotine - it is smokers and alcoholics that are most often sick with the flu and have its complications. Tobacco smoke dries nasal moves and paralyzes the camcoring epithelium, which begins to pass infection into the body. Danger represents and passive smoking, as it reduces the status of the immune system.
3. Drink a lot of fluids, do the charge and breathe fresh air. Regular ventilation of the room and walks in the fresh air are tempered by the body. Physical exercise Accelerate oxygen exchange between the blood system and light, which contributes to the removal of toxins.

Do not forget that the flu is one of the most dangerous infectious diseases today. And even if the disease proceeds not hard, it can cause serious consequences.

ilive.com.ua.

ORVI is ... Acute respiratory viral infection: prevention, treatment

Acute respiratory viral infection (ORVI) is a disease that affects human respiratory organs. Basically, the cause of the development of the disease is contact with viruses. The path of transmission of viruses is a drip.

The prevalence of ARVI

ARVI Disease is common everywhere, especially in kindergartens and schools, workers. Increased risk of infection has little children, old men and people with a weakened immune system.

The source of infection is an infected person. High susceptibility of people to viruses leads to a rapid spread of the disease, an ARVI epidemic is quite frequent phenomenon around the world. Incompretable treatment of the disease can lead to various complications.

Outbreaks of respiratory viral infections arise all year round, but the ERV epidemic is more often observed in autumn and in winter, especially in the absence of high-quality prevention and quarantine measures to identify cases of infection.

Causes of ARVI

The reason for the development of the disease is respiratory viruses, which are characterized by a short incubation period and rapid distribution. The source of infection is a sick man.

ARVI virus is afraid disinfectants, ultraviolet rays.

Development mechanism

Finding into the body through the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract or the conjunctival of the eyes, viruses, penetrating into the cells of the epithelium, begin to multiply and destroy them. In places of introducing viruses there are inflammation.

Through damaged vessels, falling into the bloodstream, viruses are spread throughout the body. In this case, the body allocates protective substances, the manifestation of the signs of intoxication. If immunity is weakened, the attachment of a bacterial infection is possible.

Symptomatics

All respiratory viral diseases have similar signs. At the beginning of the disease, a man appears runny nose, sneezing, tricks in the throat, leaving the body, the temperature rises, the appetite disappears, the liquid stool appears.

ARVI symptoms in a child can develop lightning. Inxication is rapidly increasing, the baby is illuminated, vomiting appears, hyperthermia is pronounced. Treatment must be started immediately to avoid possible complications.

Signs of individual viral infections

It is possible to determine paragripp on the mucous discharge from the nose, the appearance of a dry "cough" cough, variability of voice. The temperature is not higher than 38 s⁰.

Adenoviral infection is accompanied by conjunctivitis. In addition, the patient may have rhinitis, laryngitis, tracheitis.

At rhinovirus infection, the symptoms of intoxication are pronounced, the temperature may not rise. The disease is accompanied by abundant mucous membranes from the nose.

For respiratory-sycitial viral infection, not clearly pronounced catarrhal symptoms or bronchitis, strong intoxication are characteristic. Temperature of the body remains normal.

What is the difference between the flu from ARVI?

ARVI begins gradually, the development of influenza is rapid, a person may even indicate the time when he felt sick.

When ORVI, the body temperature is increasing slightly, not higher than 38.5 s. The flu is characterized by a sharp rise in temperature to 39-40 s⁰. Temperature in this case persists three to four days.

With sharp respiratory and viral infections, the symptoms of intoxication are practically absent, the person does not shine and does not throw in sweat, there is no strong headache, pain in the eyes, light-dulp, dizziness, lubrication in the body, the performance is maintained.

With the flu, a strong runny nose and nasal congestion is missing, it is the main symptom of ARVI. The disease is accompanied by redness of the throat, with a flu, such a symptom is not always observed.

With ORVI cough, discomfort in the chest occurs at the very beginning of the disease, can be weak or moderately pronounced. For flu, painful cough and chest pain, which appear on the second day of the disease are characteristic of the influenza.

Sneezing is characteristic of a cold, with flu, such a symptom is not observed, but there is redness of the eyes.

After the flu, a person can two or three weeks feel weakness, headache, quickly tired, after ARV such symptoms are not saved.

Knowledge of what the flu is different from ARVI will help a person to evaluate its condition and take the necessary measures to take the necessary measures to help you quickly get rid of the disease and avoid complications.

What symptoms at ARVI should alert

Immediately need to contact the doctor with an increase in temperature to 40c⁰ and more, which is not shot down by antipyretic drugs, with disorders of consciousness, intense headaches and inability to bend the neck, the appearance of rams on the body, difficulty breathing, cough with painted wet (especially blood), long fever, edema.

Appeal to the doctor is necessary in the event that the signs of ARVI after 7-10 days do not disappear. ARVI symptoms in a child require special attention. If any suspicious signs occur, it is necessary to urgently apply for medical attention.

Diagnostics

The diagnosis puts the attending physician after inspecting the nasopharynx and the study of symptoms. In some cases, in case of complications, additional research may be needed, for example, an x-ray of the chest. It helps to exclude pneumonia.

Complications

Frequent complication of ARVI is the attachment of a bacterial infection that provokes development inflammatory processes: bronchitis, otitis, hymorites, pneumonia. The disease can be complicated by the addition of urinary tract infections, pancreatitis, cholangitis.

If the disease proceeds with pronounced intoxication, the result is the development of convulsive or meningeal syndromes, myocarditis. Neurological problems are possible, such as meningitis, neuritis, meningoencephalitis. After transferring an ARVI complications can manifest themselves with the exacerbation of chronic diseases.

Children have a frequent complication is a false croup.

To minimize the risk of complications, treatment should be started on time, performing all the appointments of the doctor.

How to treat

Treatment mainly takes place at home. The patient must adhere to the semi-noarous mode, comply with a milky-plant vitaminized diet, consume a lot of fluid for wetting sputum, stimulation of sweating, reducing the level of toxins.

But in a mad modern pace, few people follow this rule, preferring to transfer the cold "on the legs", and unpleasant symptoms facilitate symptomatic means. The danger of such an approach to the treatment is that often symptomatic drugs from colds contain phenylephrine - a substance that increases pressure and forcing the heart to work for wear. In order to avoid cold complications, you need to choose medications without components of this kind. For example, "Antigrippin" (better from "nature-product") - a drug from a cold without phenylephrine, which eliminates the unpleasant SMI symptoms without provoking the increase in pressure and does not harm the heart muscle.

In the treatment, antiviral drugs are used, means for improving immunity, antipyretic, antihistamines, drugs that contribute to the disheve of sputum, vitamins. Beds are used by vasoconstrictors that prevent the breeding of the virus on the nasopharynx mucosa. Such treatment is important to conduct at the initial stage of the disease.

Preparations for the treatment of ARVI

In the fight against the causative agent of the disease, the reception of antiviral agents is effective: "Remanthadina", "Amizona", "Arbidol", "Amiksina".

The use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary to reduce body temperature and reducing pain. These drugs include Paracetamol, "Ibuprofen", "Panadol". It must be remembered that the temperature below 38 Cº does not come down, since at such a temperature the body activates its protective forces.

Antihistamine drugs are needed to reduce signs of inflammation: nasal congestion, mucous edema. Reception of "Loratidine", "Fenidist", "ZiRek". Unlike first-generation preparations, they do not cause drowsiness.

Nose drops are needed to reduce swelling, eliminating the nasal congestion. It is worth remembering that such drops cannot be used for a long time, as this can provoke the development of chronic rhinitis. Droplets use no more than 7 days, 2-3 times a day. For long-term treatment, it is possible to use preparations based on essential oils.

Tools from sore throat. Best of all in this case helps the rinse of the throat using disinfecting solutions. For these purposes, you can use sage, chamomile. Rinse is often necessary, every two hours. Effectively use of disinfectant sprays - "hexoral", "bioparox", etc.

Cough medications are necessary for wet wet. This helps the use of "ACC", "Mukaltina", "Bronchiolitin" and others. It is important to use a lot of fluid, which also contributes to the wet wet. The means that the cough is suppressed without appointing a doctor cannot be used.

Antibiotics are not used in the treatment of ARVI, this is necessary only when attaching a bacterial infection.

In addition to drugs, effectively the use of physiotherapy, inhalation, massage techniques, foot baths.

Folk remedies

Folk remedies are very effective in the treatment of ARVI. This can be an addition to the main treatment and helps to cope with the disease. You can use the following recipes.

It is not bad helps the infusion of the fruits of viburnum and the linden flowers that need to be crushed and mix. Two tablespoons of the collection must be pouring 500 ml of boiling water, insist within an hour. The resulting infusion is used before bedtime on a glass.

Well coped with the disease onions and garlic, which you can just eat. As in prevention and treatment, this means is useful: several garlic cloves and half of the juice tea spoon are used after eating. You can decompose the cut onions and garlic in the room and inhale their pairs.

Very effectively means of honey and lemon juice. For its preparation, bee honey (100 g) is mixed with a juice of one lemon and diluted with boiled water (800 ml). The resulting tool needs to drink throughout the day.

Prevention

What is the prevention of ARVI in adults and children? To strengthen the protective forces of the body, you need to harden, lead an active lifestyle, walking out in the fresh air, not neglected with rest, avoid stress, as well as abide by hygiene (wash your hands, vegetables, regularly make wet cleaning in the room).

ARVI prevention in adults implies compliance with the correct power mode. Natural products must prevail in the menu. To maintain the intestinal microflora and the strengthening of immunity, fermented dairy products are useful. In addition, fiber must be present in the diet.

For prevention, you can take antiviral tools or make vaccination. Although completely secure yourself with the help of vaccination, since the viruses constantly mutate. Vaccination is recommended for children who attend kindergartens and schools, staff of medical institutions.

If preventive measures did not help you avoid infection, take care of your recovery, as well as about people around you. Since ORVI contagiously, do not forget to cover your mouth and nose, coughing and sneezing, ventilated the room, if necessary, wear a gauze bandage. In compliance with these measures, the disease quickly leaves your home.

fB.ru.

The most common and sore theme for each person and for each family in the autumn-winter period is ORVI. In periods of the epidemic, 8-9 people can get sick out of 10. Under respiratory viral infections, diseases imply upper departments respiratory tract caused by a group of viruses. There are about 250 types of viruses capable of leading the development of ARVI.

The primary factor in the development of the disease is the supercooling of the body and, as a result, a decrease in overall immunity. The hypother of the lower extremities is of great importance.

Prevention of ARVI

1. Adhere to regular, rich in vitamins and nutrition proteins.
2. Be sure to be pour, you can sleep for 1-2 hours.
3. Try not to fall into stressful situations.
4. They came home - immediately wash your hands with soap. Rinse thoroughly with soap and nasal moves.
5. In public places, hospitals, pharmacies, stores do not hesitate to put on a conventional disposable mask.
6. Drip into the nasal moves of 2-3 drops of beet juice.
7. 2-3 times a day. Install the drug flupopheron.
8. Lubricate the nasal moves by oxoline ointment when exiting the street.
9. Take 1 dibazole tablet for 2 weeks.

As a rule, at first a period of first unclear, weak symptoms appear. Weakness, swallowing, runny nose, sore throat, lubrication in the muscles of the body, a small subfebelitet. What can be done first of the house? So, the treatment of ARVI at home suggests:

1. Very well warm wrapped and breathing in a dream.
2. Grate the legs with vodka, and put warm dry socks.

Drink a warm tea with honey and ginger:

1. On a glass of tea put one part. The fierce ginger and the same part of the honey.
2. All this thoroughly mix.
3. Drink need 2-3 cups of this tea drink.

You can put dry banks on your back.

The treatment of ARVI in adults implies the fact that it is necessary to go sweat. Therefore, we use tea with catholic grasses:

• linden blossom;
• elder;
• raspberries.

If ORVI flows at no temperature, then such an easy way can be applied to treatment:

1. We recruit half a cup of water
2. I drip there 5 drops of iodine.
3. Drink.

• immunomodulators;
• antihistamine drugs;
• antiviral drugs;
• polyvitamins.

Remember that before proceeding with the standards of treatment of ARVI in adults, it is better to consult with a plot doctor. He will be able to appoint an optimal diagram of the treatment of ARVI in adults.

One of the proven practices of antiviral drugs, which allow to ensure effective treatment of ARVI in adults, is Viferon in a dosage of 500 thousand units. It contains ready-made antibodies to suppress viruses. The drug of a similar group is Keeferon. This preparations take 1 candle, rectally 2 times a day.

Another practice proven drug isoprosis. It has antiviral nonspecific action and reduces immunosuppression of viruses. Accepted in the dosage of 500 mg for a period of 5 days.

Fast treatment of ARVI in adults allows for antibiotics. However, as a rule, they are prescribed if there are complications of the disease.

From vitamins, take large doses of ascorbins, up to 1 gram within 24 hours.

TO antihistamine drugs We will take:

• DIDEDROL;
• Tueva;
• Loratadine et al.

Take 1-2 times a day.

Please note that the preparations from cough is better to take only on the advice of the doctor. Because it is necessary to assess the type of cough. However, lollipops containing sage are allowed.

Warm milk with Borjomi in the same proportions will also help well.

Do not forget about the wet room cleaning up to 2 times a day, as well as ventilation up to 4-5 times a day.

The patient needs to provide sufficient food with protein food: broths, vegetables and fruits, seafood. Four should often eat, but fractionally.

And most importantly - you need a bed mode for the patient. Complications, as a rule, are developing if the cold is transferred to the legs. These are lesions:

• hearts;
• kidney;
• brain;
• light et al.

WomanAdvice.ru.

The basic principles of treatment of ARVI

ORVI (acute respiratory viral infections) It is very often found, especially in autumn and in winter. According to statistical data, almost every person to transfers this disease once a year, affecting the upper respiratory tract. Unfortunately, many people who do not have medical education, firmly convinced that they know how to undergo treatment of ARVI.

Therefore, when the first symptoms of the disease, they begin to independently take various drugs, which often leads only to the aggravation of the state and the development of complications. While properly chosen by the doctor therapy is capable only in a few days to put the patient on his feet.

What to do with elevated body temperature?

One of the main SMI symptoms is an increase in temperature, which, for example, with a flu can be very significant. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure such conditions so that the patient can lose heat, the patient or heating inhaled air.

For this, the patient needs abundant vitamined drink, for example, cranberry juice, as well as a little cool air in the room (for this it must be regularly ventilated and carried out in it wet cleaning).

It is worth noting that when the skin of the skin with a cold (for example, with ice), the spasm of the skin vessels occurs, so its temperature is reduced, but the temperature internal organs At the same time continues to grow. This condition is considered extremely dangerous, so do not use physical cooling methods (wet sheets, ice bubbles) without the recommendation of the doctor. Before applying such techniques, special drugs that eliminate vessel spasms are prescribed.

Some SAVI patients poorly carry high temperature. For example, people suffering from the pathologies of the nervous system, hyperthermia can lead to cramps. Therefore, doctors for treating at home are prescribed antipyretic drugs that can be taken at a temperature rise above 38.5 degrees. Paracetamol (PANANOL) and Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) are most popular. Paracetamol is considered one of the safest drugs from temperature, but it is effective only with non-serious infections.

What to do with a cold?

Both children and adults are very often a strong runny nose, which is capable of significantly worsening well-being. The fact is that the mucous membrane of the nasal moves allocates a large amount of mucus containing special substances that viruses neutralize.

The main task during this period is to prevent the drying of the mucus and the formation of crust, because otherwise the patient will have to breathe mouth. Therefore, the nose must be cleaned regularly, and also ensure that the air in the room is clean and slightly wet.

Rubber in ORVI can not be treated with vasoconstrictor droplets (Nazol, Sanorin, naphtizin), because they only make it easier for the patient's condition, removing swelling and nasal congestion. If you use such drugs for a long time, the patient will develop chronic rhinitis. This kind of medication can only be appointed for the prevention of sinusitis, while the course should not continue for more than a week.

An antihistamine drugs are sometimes used to get rid of the cold, such as suprastine and diazoline. Also, sometimes doctors prescribe homeopathic preparations, which practically do not have side effects, for example, EDAS-131.

What to do with throat and cough pain?

For many varieties of ARVI, for example, for influenza, a strong throat pain is characterized. The most effective treatment will be ringed with various solutions, such as furacilin, or chamomile infusion. Rinse the throat should be as often as possible, at least every and a half hours. In the appointment of a doctor, you can use various lollipops, loosenings and sprays, such as septol, bioparox or hexoral.

In order to cure cough, the patient should drink more more, and drinks should be warm. This will allow you to dissolve the wet and remove it from the body as soon as possible. You can apply medications, such as Mukaltin, Broncholitin, ACC.

In order to speed up recovery, antiviral drugs are used (interferon, kagole), which reduce the sensitivity of the cells of the human body to viruses. Faster to defeat cough and other unpleasant symptoms will help and multivitamin complexes, which include vitamin C, Vitamins group B and Rutin.

Do I need to take antibiotics at ARVI?

Many people are not aware that ORVI has a viral origin, therefore antibacterial drugs against it are not effective. In the treatment with antibiotics, patient has dysbacteriosis, which is manifested by diarrhea, constipation, bloating and thrush.

And with the uncontrolled taking of these drugs, the stability of bacteria to antibiotics is formed, which is why if necessary (for example, in the event of a pneumonia), an effective drug will be considered extremely difficult. And even the passion for antibiotics often leads to the development of allergies, especially in children.

Therefore, uncomplicated ORVI antibiotics can be treated only in exceptional cases:

• in the presence of signs of immunodeficiency (HIV, oncological and autoimmune pathologies, congenital defects of the immune system, fungal diseases, etc.);
• kids whose age is less than 6 months, if they have adverse background pathologies (Rahita, pronounced weight lack, malformations, etc.);
• if there is a recurrent otitis in an anamnesis.

With the help of antibiotics, the treatment of ARVI is carried out in the following cases:

• with the development of angina (anaerobic or streptococcal);
• when developing acute average otitis;
• in the presence of various purulent complications (downstream laryngotracheitis, paratonzillar abscess, purulent lymphadenitis, purulent sinusitis);
• with the development of lung inflammation;
• in the presence of sinusitis (inflammation of the apparent sinuses of the nose).

If the patient's condition is not too heavy and the treatment of ARVI takes place at home, the antibiotics are prescribed for intake. Usually use only one drug, the effectiveness criterion of which will be a decrease in temperature below 38 degrees in the first 36-48 hours after the start of therapy. If this did not happen, the doctor picks up another antibiotic.

Features of pregnancy treatment

To begin treatment, a woman should only after consulting a doctor, because many drugs and even folk remedies can harm the fetus. From a cold will help to bury in the nasal strokes of salt water, which can be prepared independently or buy in a pharmacy. Inhalation of orange, eucalyptus or sage can help. You can dig in the nose of drops made from natural ingredients (Aqua Maris, Pinosol).

In the throat pain, it is possible to rinse with a saline solution, the infusion of chamomile and sage. It is recommended to drink warm milk with a small amount of honey, but you can't steer legs. And the cough will help inhalations with essential oils. When climbing the temperature above 38 degrees, you can take a medicine based on paracetamol appointed by the doctor. If there are no edema, then you can drink more more, such as green tea with honey.

Features of treatment in the elderly

For the elderly, ARVI people are especially dangerous, so they should be treated very carefully. First of all, it is necessary to ensure the sickness of sufficient sleep and balanced nutrition. If a person has an intestinal fluor dysbiosis, he is prescribed eubiotics (lactobacterin, bifidobacterin). It is necessary to take trace elements and vitamins, because during illness the body needs in them especially acute.

Elderly, only a doctor may choose drugs for the treatment of ARVI, while considering the severity of their condition and the presence of related pathologies. Most often, plant origin drugs are used, which have fewer side effects. People of older agents accepting drugs for therapy of chronic pathologies are usually not prescribed antibiotics and powerful means Due to the high risk of unwanted side effects.

The treatment and prevention of ARVI includes the reception of drugs that stimulate the formation of interferon. With moderate and light flu forms, arbidol is used, for example. Properly selected therapy is able to prevent the development of severe complications and lead to a quick recovery of the patient.

Features of the treatment in children

Children often suffer from ARVI, so pediatricians have certain standards for the treatment of these diseases, which they try to adhere to. Trying to cope independently with infection, there are no inadequate therapy, most likely will lead to the development of complications.

Besides drugs that a doctor appointed, a very important role is played correct care. Child needs to be put in bed, provide him with balanced food and fresh clean air. At elevated temperature, it is possible not only to use medicines, but also to apply physical cooling methods. For example, you can wipe the baby's skin with a napkin, which is moistened with a solution prepared from water, vinegar and vodka, which were mixed in equal proportions. At the same time, the child should be covered with a warm blanket.

With a fever, a warm vitaminized drink will also help, for example, a brushing or cranberry morse. If the temperature does not decrease and the medication is not effective, you should call "ambulance".

Folk Methods

Treatment of various folk remedies is applied only as auxiliary method and only after consulting a specialist. The fact is that such funds are not always effective and often lead to the occurrence of side effects, for example, to allergies.

Many ORVI helps tea cooked from linden color. If the disease is accompanied by a high temperature, then it is necessary to include in the diet of the berries of red currant or fresh juice prepared from them. And with throat pain, it is recommended to add a couple of tablespoons of natural honey to a glass with hot milk and drink this solution with small sips during the day.

If the patient worries the runny nose, Tom you can drink a decoction made from raspberry berries or forest strawberries. It is recommended to take one glass 3 times a day after eating.

We study information about the epidemic of this disease for 2016, paying special attention to the first clinical manifestations, drug therapy, as well as measures for the prevention of such a serious illness as influenza.

Forecast for influenza in 2016

Scientists do not bind outbreaks this disease In 2016. But this does not mean that it is not necessary to take any measures to prevent this disease. After all, the influenza virus is considered the most dangerous disease Of all viral infections.

The greatest danger of this disease is for people having chronic diseases (Bronchial asthma, diseases of the lungs and cardiovascular system suffering from diabetes mellitus), as well as a weakened immune response. In a special risk group, children, women waiting for a child and elderly.

In 2016, experts predict the greatest activity of such strains as:

H1N1 - It is a subtype of a swine flu virus. It was about him that in 2009 it became known to the whole world, due to the fact that he was the source of the epidemic around the world.

This strain presents the greatest danger due to the inclined complications, which often end with a fatal outcome. These include pneumonia, sinusitis and inflammation of brain shells.

H3N2. - It is a subtype of influenza type A. In Russia, he did not cause epidemics earlier, but became known since last year. Therefore, it can be called "young".

The main danger is that it is not yet sufficiently studied and among its main complications - influence on the vascular system.

Yamagata virus - It is an subtype of influenza type B, is also a new little student strain that has difficulty diagnosis. But WHO specialists do not call it the most dangerous, since complications cause very rarely.

The first symptoms appear for 1-2 days from the moment of infection. The virus, hitting the mucous membranes of the respiratory organs, is multiplied by the lining epithelial cells with an incredible speed. In the first few hours, the causative agent destroys these cells, leading to their death.

Basic a characteristic symptom Diseases is a high temperature. Its raising to high digits (38.5-40 ° C) occurs very sharply and keeps around 3 days at a high level.

Also symptoms of flu 2016 are:

• headache;
• dryness in the nasopharynk;
• chills;
• muscle pain;
• dry cough;
• tear;
• reducing or complete absence of appetite;
• sore throat;
• photophobia;
• sore pain;
• weakness in the whole body;
• slabs in the joints;
• increased sweating.

Rarely with flu is runny nose.

How to distinguish flu from cold (ORZ)

Memo: Protection against swine flu

It is necessary to protect against influenza both individually and the whole world as soon as a new dangerous virus is detected. From this point on, the development of a new vaccine begins.

1. Vaccination.
   • The vaccine does not guarantee that the grafted patient does not get sick: it protects against several strains of seasonal flu, and guess which one will be this year, the developers cannot, plus the viruses themselves mutate. But still, vaccinated citizens are less likely to get sick, and even if it happens, the flu is usually transferred easier.
   • It is necessary to make vaccination to the epidemic, and not in its height, and if a person has already sick. (Now, most likely, the vaccination is already useless).
2. Wearing mask.
   • It is usually worn healthy, but in order not to infect surrounding healthy people, wearing a mask need a sick person.
   • For a healthy mask remains a means of the prevention of influenza: it is necessary to wear it when visiting public places (in transport, clinic, shop).
3. Hygiene.

   Although the virus is transmitted by air droplets, an indirect transmitter are hands:

   • On the hands of sick viruses is usually full. It concerns their other items (handrails, pens, etc.), for which healthy people are taken.
   • Infection occurs when a person is touched by dirty hands to his face or takes them products.
   • The requirement to wash your hands for many times a day is not an empty sound. This is protection against influenza.
   • We must wear with you wet wipes and rub your hands, being out of the house.
   • The rejection of the handshake during influenza is not an act of ignorance, but the manifestation of education and love of neighbor.

4. Fresh air.

   The influenza virus adores warm rooms with stagnant dry air, so during the epidemic, it is necessary to place as much as possible in the fresh air.

   Remember that your enemy with influenza is not a draft, but a closed fortage:

   • If in the house is a patient, and the room is clogged, then everything will be sore soon.
   • If you have not got sick yet, but only brought with you a virus, then in a non-ventilated warm apartment, it will begin to multiply with wild speed.

5. Maintain the optimal temperature and humidity indoors:

   • temperature - 20 ° C (pretty cool, but it is the most healthy temperature in the epidemic season);
   • humidity - 50 - 70%.

   In winter, the house has increased dryness, so it is desirable to have a moisturizer or keep open containers with water.

6. Healthy mucous membranes.
   Normal state of mucous membranes - primary protection. It is not only about microbes, but about dryness of the mucous membranes, which is observed in the winter for reasons:
   • dry air;
   • use of drugs:
     • drops in the nose, for example, naphtizin;
     • dimedrol, Supratin, etc.

Moisturizing mucous meal to make a sprayer using any bottle from drop-spray:

• Physiological or ordinary hydrochloric solution (teaspoon of salt on a liter of water) pour into the vial.
• Spray the solution in the nose as often as possible, especially in places of the cluster of people.

Having come home, you need to make a "general" flushing of the nose to remove viruses settled in it:

• climbing one nostril, another "drink" saline solution;
• repeat the same with the second nostrils.

Influenza Symptoms: Comparison with ORVI

Symptoms of ORVI and influenza are largely similar. The main differences relate to the overall state of patients, temperature, start and duration of the disease:

Symptoms of ARVI

• With ORVI, the general state as a whole can be satisfactory, despite the weakness. Dominate local signs - Pain in the throat, runny nose, cough.
• ORVI begins with easy turning throat, nasal congestion, shakes. Then the signs gradually, within one or two days, grow.
• Temperature rarely reaches the values \u200b\u200babove 38.5 ° C and two-days last.
• The symptoms of the cold, sneezing, tear, increases dry cough (in a week it becomes productive - with mocryats).
• There are plaque on the mucous membranes, redness and stiffness of the throat.
• ORVI passes on average in a week.
• Recovery occurs immediately - the patient is actively involved in her old life.

Symptoms of swine flu

1. General condition - severe:
   • possible nausea, vomiting, pain in joints and muscles, headaches - symptoms of intoxication;
   • chills, sweating, increased photosensitivity and eyes in the eyes;
   • full decay of forces.
2. Lightning start with temperature rise to high values \u200b\u200band worsening well-being in a few hours.
3. The temperature rises to 39 ° and above and keeps about five days, which is weakly reacting to the reception of the antipyretic.
4. Symptoms are non-nose and nasal congestion are missing in sore throat.
5. Dry cough almost from the first hours.
6. Swine flu causes complications:
   • viral pneumonia (in the launched form it is irreversible);
   • thrombosis (increase in blood reducing).
7. The period of the duration of the acute period of the flu - from the week to ten days.
8. Recovery comes slowly, for two to three weeks after a sharp period passed:
   • All this time, a feeling of fatigue and breakdown remains.

Pork flu 2016: how to treat him

Drugs from influenza, as before, does not exist.

• Antibodies of the body's immune system are struggling with viruses, so the treatment of flu is through the strengthening of immunity.
• In addition to the body's own forces, antivirus agents that destroy the structure of the virus and prevent their reproduction, but for each type of influenza, they need their medicines.
• Antibiotics flu is not treated - they are useless and can lead to complications.

You can eat garlic, drink tea with lemon, the root of ginger - all this is useful, but is prevention, and not a means of treatment, if a person has already sick.

H1N1 flu preparations

The only effective anti-virus drug from the H1N1 flu is still Tamiflu (Omeltamivir) - not to be confused with the theraflu!

There is still Zanamivir, but it is difficult to find him in domestic pharmacies.

• The action of the Tamiflu is based on the blocking of neuraminidase - the protein included in the H1N1 virus.
• You need to drink Tamiflu in the first two days of the disease - in its subsequent efficiency, like any antivirus, is sharply reduced.
• It is impossible to take it in order of self-treatment and "just in case" it is impossible, since the medication has a lot of heavy side effects.
• The medicine prescribes the doctor with a severe form of flu flowing or patients from a risk group (elderly people, weakened, chronic patients, asthmatics, etc.).

Tamiflu is mostly distributed in hospitals, and it is reasonable doubly:

• medicine at the pharmacy is expensive, and in the hospital it should be free;
• reception is prescribed when it really needs.

In most cases, the H1N1 flu is transferred relatively easily, thanks to the protective forces of the body: statistics speaks about it, so most of the patients with Tamiflu or Zanavir are not required.

General Flu treatment rules

1. Bed regime from the first day: no courageous self-dedication at work with the cost of others:
   • Most influenza victims are workaholics carrying diseases on the go.
2. With influenza symptoms, you are preferable to call a doctor or ambulance:
   • The many hours of sitting in line will add a patient to the top three of unnecessary viruses, including the same H1N1, which in humans may not have been at the entrance to the clinic.
3. The patient needs to be careful, but in the room itself there should be fresh and wet:
   • to air the room where the patient is needed, you need several times a day;
   • permanent moisturizing air indoor is required.
4. Abundant drinking is a prerequisite treatment. You need to drink not just a lot, but a lot:
   • teas with chamomile, calendula, lime, raspberry, black currant;
   • compote from apples, dried fruits, kuragi;
   • radies of rosehip;
   • milk with honey and soda.
5. Take food to the patient until he wants himself, unnecessary. Therefore, it is not necessary to persuade to eat "forces", especially children.
6. The temperature above 38 - 38.5 degrees do not need to knock: at high temperatures, viruses are massively dying.
   • The heat above 39 is reduced with a paracetomol flupe or ibuprofen: Take aspirin danger!
   • If the temperature is under forty, facilitates the state of the patient wiping the forehead, the hands and the stop of the vinegar solution or alcohol solution.

When a doctor call is needed

Due to the danger of swine flu, the doctor is recommended to call with the slightest suspicion of H1N1.

However, in practice, at the epidemic, waiting for the arrival of the health worker is not easy - they are missing in all patients. Family doctor simply physically does not have time to bypass all patients. For ORVI, the delay in 10 - 20 hours is unstable, but in the flu, it threatens life.

What situation do you need immediate ambulance?

• with loss of consciousness;
• convulsions;
• intensive pain of any localization;
• sore throat without a cold
• headache with vomit;
• temperatures above 39 °, not falling after half an hour after receiving the antipyretic;
• the appearance of skin rash;
• effect of neck.

If you are treated from ARVI or flu, then in the following situations you need a doctor:

• On the fourth day there is no improvement.
• The temperature keeps on the seventh day.
• After the improvement suddenly, the deterioration is again.
• Heavy condition at moderate signs of ARVI.
• Pallor, shortness of breath, thirst, severe pain, purulent discharge - apart or in combination.
• Strengthen cough, long dry cough, coughing attack with deep breath.
• The weak effect of antipyretic means.

What complications are to fear

Important: at the first symptoms call a doctor. No need to go to the clinic, because you can infect those who came there healthy or catch another infection.

Only a doctor can assign highly qualified help. And here self-treatment can lead to irreversible complications. If you start treated from swine flu In the first 48 hoursThe flu can be overcome painlessly. If later, then complications in the form of the hardest pneumonia are provided.

As long as statistics do not give a serious occasion for panic. It is possible that doctors, as always exaggerate.

http://aDvices4Lady.org/302-gripp-2016-simptomy/ and http://zaspiny.ru/novosti-mediciny/svinoy-gripp-2016.html

Pork flu: The current situation in Russia, as the virus applies.

Today it is safe to say that the threshold of incidence of pork flu in Russia in 2016 (H1N1 virus) is exceeded in a large number of regions. The disease rapidly spreads, school and preschool institutions are temporarily closed, mass events are less and less. But even these measures do not give a light forecast: according to the information of the Minister of Health of Veronica Skvortsova, in 2016, 107 people died from the disease, of which 4 are pregnant women, 8 children. The minister also noted that each of the dead was not vaccinated from influenza and asked for help too late, having been hoping at such a popular self-treatment in Russia.

The emphasis in his report Skvortsov made to the regions: there the share of the porny influenza is 70-90%. In total regions, which already reached the epidemic - 47.
Therefore, residents of small cities must be particularly attentive. It is necessary to take maximum measures to prevent the disease (on how to do this will be said further), and in case of manifestation of the first symptoms, immediately contact the doctor!

According to the forecasts of the Ministry of Health, the peak spread of the epidemic falls on the current and next week (beginning of January). Starting from mid-February, the virus will begin to weaken and by the end of the month will be completed.

It was also noted that in 2009 almost 700 died from this virus (!) Man. The minister stated that this year we are prepared much better, so there will be no such losses.

Symptoms (signs) of swine flu.

It is very important to know the symptoms of the disease with swine flu. So, you can diagnose the virus in time and start the treatment in a timely manner.
When you find one or more symptoms, you must immediately consult a doctor! It is untimely treatment and attempts to "do everything yourself" lead contaminated to death.

Symptoms of influenza may not appear within 24-48 hours after infection.

So, the primary symptoms of a swine flu in an adult:

1. Increased body temperature (as a rule, holds at 39-40 degrees)
2. Weakness, the general condition of the body - sluggish
3. Muscular pain, "breaking" body
4. Vomiting and nausea.
5. Violation of stool
6. Dyspnea
7. It would seem unfortunate dizziness
8. Pain in chest during breathing or cough

The worst in swine flu: the possibility of developing complications. The most common complication of swine flu is inflammation of the lungs. It occurs on the third day of the disease, and his symptoms are such:

• Dry cough
• Sore throat
• Lack of air

If you diagnosed at least one of the listed symptoms - immediately call the doctor!

Symptoms of swine flu in a child:

A little child cannot say that he feels. Therefore, if you see your child, one of the following symptoms, immediately call the doctor!

1. Breathing in a child frequent and difficult
2. The skin has acquired a light shade of blue
3. The child disappeted the appetite, there is no desire to drink
4. Constant lethargyness
5. The child is overwritten, does not want to hand
6. Shortness of breath and enhanced cough

Pork influenza prevention in adults and children

"The best treatment is prevention." In order to minimize the risk of infection with a virus, it is necessary to observe a number of very simple rules.

• In the autumn period - to make a vaccination from swine flu
• Avoid places of accumulation of a large number of people. If it is not possible - put your mask
• Hand hygiene is strictly necessary. Wash your hands with soap as often as possible
• Enough enough
• Avoid stress
• Power should be full. Do not forget about the products rich in vitamins.
• Onions and garlic will help you support immunity. Alternatively, they can be knocked out and carrying them throughout the day.
• Drink as much liquid as possible!

Among other things, it is possible to carry out additional prevention by drugs.
Antiviral tools are perfectly suitable, such as "cycloferon" and "Arbidol"

To increase immunity, these drugs can be applied as "immunal" and to him like.
Vitamins are required.

Observing all of the above items, you can minimize the risk of pig influenza infection.

Remember that the main thing is strong immunity and it is necessary to maintain it at a high level throughout the year. Spit well, sleep well, supply the body with all the necessary trace elements, avoid places where you can get infected, and the virus will probably pass by you!

Treating of swine flu - how to treat flu?

With the appearance of the first symptoms of the flu, you must immediately consult a doctor! Do not risk and engage in self-medication - it is too late to appeal for qualified medical care and caused most of deaths from a swine flu.
Below will be given recommendations on the first actions that it is desirable to commit at the detection of flu symptoms, as well as general information on how to treat this disease.

Drugs and preparations from swine flu:

Swine flu in Russia 2016 light and medium gravity is treated in the same way as the usual seasonal flu. In the event that the disease has gained a heavy form, the use of antiviral drugs is necessary. As shown by the sad experience of 2009 (at that time, over 700 people died from the H1N1 virus), only drugs that block the neuraminidase enzyme are suitable for the treatment of swine flu (included in the virus) of an exceptionally second and third generation.

Having in the arsenal only two drugs can be narrowed to choose them to one, since Zanamivir is practically unrealistic to find in pharmacies of Russia. The only option remains "oseltamivir" brand "Tamiflu".

It should be noted that this drug is used exclusively for the treatment of severe swine flu! It inhibits (blocks) the activity of the neuraminidase enzyme, which is included in the virus, thereby destroying the virus itself.

No need to take this medicine if you started sneeze and cough. In the case of diagnosing, you have a heavy form of the H1N1 virus, the doctor will prescribe this drug, pre-laying into the hospital (oseltamivir treatment is carried out strictly under the supervision of doctors). In addition, it is worth the drug completely at all.
It can also be assigned to the sick of ARVI moderate gravity from a risk group: asthmatics, diabetics, just elderly people.

But the heavy form of swine flu is found quite rare, most often the flu is in a light form. In order for the body as quickly as possible, it is necessary to concentrate not on infinite swallowing of the tablets, but on the creation of conditions for the body, under which he will be able to quickly overcome the disease.

List of conditions for quick recovery:

• The patient must be dressed as warmer as possible.
• In the room where the patient is located should be slightly cool (~ 20 degrees Celsius), and the humidity must be medium (50-70%). It is possible to moisturize the air by wiping the floors and furniture with a damp cloth, as well as air ventilating.
• Under no circumstances, do not stuff in the patient food! If the patient itself expresses the desire to eat, then you can only give liquid food with a large content of carbohydrates.
• The patient should drink water as often as possible (or teas / frosts)! The bigger, the better!
• It is necessary to damage the patient saline solutions into the nose. And to do it as often as drinking.
• The use of mustard pieces, perch of feet in hot water - all this ineffective means.
• If the patient strongly rose the temperature - they kill it exclusively "ibuprofen" or "paracetamol". The use of "aspirin" is strictly prohibited, as it can cause a complication.

Antibiotics with influenza disease is prohibited! They will not kill the virus, but only increase the opportunity to earn a complication.

So, in what cases do you definitely call a doctor?

1. The patient does not occur visible improvements to the state for four days of treatment.
2. Increased temperature is observed even a week after the disease manifest.
3. There was a short-term temporary improvement, after which the state had worsened again.
4. The pallor of the skin and shortness of breath in the patient.
5. Cough is enhanced.
6. The use of "paracetamol" and "ibuprofen" do not help bring down the temperature, or do it for a short period of time.

The doctor should be prompted immediately if:

1. The patient loses consciousness
2. In patient convulsion
3. In the patient there are strong bouts of headaches + vomiting
4. Body temperature of the patient above 39 degrees
5. The patient hurts the throat, while there is no runny nose.

The presence of these symptoms can talk about the presence of severe influenza. In this case, the patient urgently needs hospitalization and treatment with oseltamivir.

Finally

Swine flu is one of the most dangerous viruses for a person. They are very easy to get infected from another person, and the course of the disease, in most cases, is heavier.

The most reasonable option during the influenza epidemic will be the use of the maximum amount of preventive measures. It is much easier and easier to prevent illness than to cope with the consequences.

Engage in strengthening your immunity, wear a mask, avoid major clusters of people, as much as possible wash your hands, sleep well, eat, and most likely you can avoid infection.

If you are still infected with the flu, do not postpone! Immediately contact the doctor in an ambulance. You will receive competent diagnosis of the disease, you will be made effective treatment measures. In any case, it will be much more effective than the attempts of "self-healing".
As the statistics of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, it is the late appeal for medical help to a doctor often causes a fatal outcome.

The reason is simple: a man is trying to cope with viral disease Alone, due to ineffective actions, the situation only worsens. As a result, when the patient becomes bad through the patient, the thought still comes to see a doctor, but it happens too late - a person has already acquired a complicated stage of the disease.

Therefore, do not play with fire. The H1N1 virus is very dangerous and requires the most serious approach to prevention and treatment. Please note all the tips, data within this article, implement them in your life, and hopefully, the epidemic of the swine flu virus does not affect your life and the life of your loved ones.