Mycoplasma is in small size and are located only inside the infected cells. Such a location protects them from the action of the cells of the immune system and antibodies (mycoplasma "as it were to hide" inside the cells of the human body). The symboplasm is movable and when the single cell is destroyed to move quickly in the intercellular space to other cells to infect them. Mycoplasma is capable of firmly attached to cell shells, so infection (mycoplasmosis) occurs even after penetration into the organism of a small number of microbes. Finding inside the cell epithelium cells of the respiratory tract (cells lining the surface of the trachea, bronchi), mycoplasma begin to actively multiply and almost immediately paralyze the normal operation of infected cells. The most amazing and important feature of mycoplasmas explaining the chronic course of mycoplasmosis is the large structural similarity of mycoplasm with some components of normal tissues of the human body. In view of this, the human immune system is patient with mycoplasmosis, poorly recognizes these microbes, which allows them for a long time to survive in infected tissues. In addition, mycoplasma (as well as chlamydia) is not sensitive to most antibiotics than the complexity of the treatment of mycoplasma infection is explained.

• Determination of bacteria DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) - This is the most sensitive and accurate method of diagnosing pulmonary mycoplasmosis. PCR requires expensive equipment, so this method of diagnosing mycoplasmosis may be inaccessible in some diagnostic centers.
• Determination of specific antibodies Receives traces of the body's immune response on a mycoplasmafe infection. In patients with mycoplasmosis, antibodies of type IgG and IgM are determined. In patients undergoing mycoplasmosis, only IgG antibodies are defined in the past (this means that the patient suffered an infection is not sick now).

Mycoplasmosis - This is a disease of the respiratory organs of microbial etiology. Provokes the disease microorganism from the group mycoplasmas. These are small microorganisms, the life cycle of which proceeds inside the cells of the affected organism. Along with the respiratory authorities, mycoplasma can also strike joints, urinary and reproduction organs. Mycoplasma contamination can occur in the form of lung inflammation. Bronchi, apparent sinuses of the nose, pharyngitis. The main signs of mycoplasmosis is: an unproductive non-negotiable cough. A slight increase in body temperature, shortness of breath. A test or pain in the throat. The disease often flows into the inflammation of the lungs, which is likely on the influenza. Therapy of mycoplasmosis is carried out by antibiotics - macrolides. fluoroquinolones. tetracycles.

What kind of microorganisms and what are their life cycle?

Mycoplasma - This is a form of microbes that inhabit epithelial tissues of respiratory organs. Also as chlamydia, mycoplasma does not have a strong cell membrane, no opportunity to create energy. In this regard, in order for mycoplasma to exist, it needs energy and nutrients from the tissues of the human body. The ability to provoke diseases is associated with such abilities of these microbes:

They are small enough and are exclusively inside the cells. Therefore, they are completely unavailable for immune calves, as well as antibodies ( in cells they "hide" from any attacks).

They move very quickly and if the cell in which mycoplasmas lived, died, very soon move to other cells and destroy them.

They are very tightly cling to cell membranes, in connection with this, the disease develops after entering a small number of pathogens.

Penetrated in the tissue of the mucous membrane of the respiratory organs ( bronchi, Frach), these microorganisms very quickly increase the population and instantly stop the activities of the affected cells.

The most interesting and important fact in the biology of these pathogens is that they are very similar to some cells of healthy human tissues. Therefore, immunity can not always detect mycoplasms, and therefore, they do not quite a long time to cause an immune response of the affected organism.

They are resistant to the overwhelming majority of antibiotics, therefore the treatment of the disease is quite complex.

Signs and symptoms of pulmonary mycoplasmosis

Pulmonary mycoplasmosis provokes mycoplasma Pneumonia (Mycoplasma pneumoniae.). The microorganism is most often striking kids attending kindergartens. Therefore, sometimes the disease develops from a whole group of children.

The disease is distributed by airborne droplets ( saliva particles secreted by an infected person inhale healthy), contact method with objects, toys, food, candy.

Pulmonary mycoplasmosis passes in the form of inflammation of bronchi or lung inflammation. Primary manifestations of the disease - pain in the throat, constant swing, nose stabbing. In small patients, the main sign of the disease is a permanent illictive cough, which is combined with a slight increase in body temperature. Moms and dads often consider it a conventional sharp respiratory disease and are trying to give the child drugs used for acto. But no cough preparations usually help.

Mycoplasma pneumonia appears in kids and people who have not achieved ripe age, as a complication of inflammation of the bronchi caused by mycoplasma. Symptoms of the disease are very similar to the flu: an increase in temperature to 39 degrees, shortness of breath, unproductive cough, poor well-being. The cough often flows with evacuation from the breathing organs of a small volume of purulent mucus and even with an admixture of blood. The X-ray shown displaced shadows that indicate multiple inflamed fabrics.

Most often, the disease passes without special complications, but sometimes such complications as arthritis can develop. meningitis. nephritis .

Signs of pulmonary mycoplasmosis are almost impossible to distinguish from such a chlamydial infection. But therapy of these forms is also very similar. In this regard, if the consultation of the pulmonologist is not possible to accurately determine the pathogen, trial therapy is assigned.

The kids of mycoplasma can provoke not only inflammation of the bronchi or lungs, but also inflammation of the apparent sinuses of the nose, pharyngitis. Also, microorganisms are in the mucous membranes of the urinary organs, in the joints.

How is mycoplasmosis determined?

When determining the disease, two types of tests are applied:

Therapy of the pulmonary mycoplasmosis

Therapy is prescribed, taking into account the form of illness. Before prescribing drugs, the doctor conducts a thorough diagnosis of the disease. After all, therapy of mycoplasmosis is completely not like the therapy of ordinary inflammation of bronchi or lungs.

Prescribed with mycoplasmosis:

Therapy of the pulmonary mycoplasmosis is carried out exclusively under the guidance of the doctor. Therefore, before receiving any drugs, you need to talk to the doctor.

Before use, you must consult with a specialist.

Mycoplasmosis. Symptoms. Diagnostics. Treatment

Mycoplasmosis - This is an infectious disease, provoked by microbes from the group. mycoplasma. There are a number of varieties of this microorganism that provoke diseases of the respiratory organs, as well as urinary and reproduction bodies. Mycoplasmosis can develop in respiratory form or in urogenital. The manifestations of these forms of mycoplasmosis are different, therefore, both forms of the disease will be considered in this article.

Respiratory or pulmonary form of the disease

Pulmonary form of mycoplasmosis - This is an infectious illness, affecting the respiratory organs. Provokes a respiratory form of a microorganism, called pneumonia mycoplasma ( Mycoplasma Pneumonia), as well as a number of other varieties of mycoplasma, which are less common. Pneumoplasm (other name of the pathogen) Provokes certain changes in the cells of the lungs, entering their destruction, and also provokes a powerful autoimmune response, as a result of which the body begins to destroy their own tissues.

How is the pulmonary mycoplasmosis diagnose?

Contact microorganisms from the body of a sick person. The patient is a source of infection, one and a half weeks from the date of symptoms. However, if the disease proceeds with a long-term increase in body temperature ( what is characteristic of the chronic process), the patient's infectious danger time can last up to thirteen weeks!

It must be said that a person can be completely resistant in relation to mycoplasm. This quality is inherited. After a person is passing by mycoplasmosis, he has immunity for five to ten years. The hidden period in the formation of the respiratory form of mycoplasmosis includes from seven to fourteen days.

What are the manifestations of pulmonary mycoplasmosis?

The first manifestations are an increase in body temperature to thirty-eight degrees ( short-term), burning in the throat, cough. Increased activity of sweat glands, nasal scope, hyperemia of mucous pharynx and oral cavity. Due to the fact that the disease covers the fabrics in stages, in the penetration of infection in bronchi, an unproductive heavy cough is observed, in some cases accompanied by the release of a small amount of mucus. If the disease is not treated at this stage, mycoplasma develops ( atypical) Pneumonia. In general, the manifestations of pulmonary mycoplasmosis are very similar to the manifestation of influenza. But the course of the disease is very long. If the signs are developing during the flu for a day - two and in seven days pass, then with mycoplasmosis, signs are manifested with each other and sufficiently long.

In respiratory form of the disease, the sacrifice of symptoms also occurs gradually for three to four weeks, and in some cases even up to two to three months. In adolescents, the flow of acute form of the disease in chronic often causes the formation bronchiectazov (incurable expansion of the Bronchi), and pneumosclerosis (education Conglomerates of Connecting Fibers).

What methods are used to determine respiratory mycoplasmosis?

What is therapy of respiratory mycoplasmosis?

The most effective means for therapy of the respiratory form of mycoplasmosis are medications from the group of macrolides. The most widely used of them is a medicine macropen.

This drug is used in the treatment of pulmonary mycoplasmosis in patients of mature age, but it is allowed to use it and with the therapy of children with eight years. Usually the medicine does not cause patients side effects.

The drug is not prescribed to patients suffering from complex leaps (cirrhosis. Hepatitis) and patients with impaired kidney function.

Little patients weighing from thirty kilograms, the dosage of Macroin is four hundred milligrams three times a day. There is a macropen in the form of a syrup, which greatly facilitates its use.

In the therapy, the drugs of the tetracycline groups are used in the treatment of pulmonary the most commonly used drug is doxycycline). Medicines from this group are most effective if the disease is caused at several views of the pathogenic microflora at once ( pneumanic mycoplasma + pyrogen streptococcus). The amount of the drug is prescribed at the rate of four milligrams per kilogram of body mass in the first day, then two milligrams per kilogram of body weight. The number of reception days is assigned only the doctor.

Urogenital (urogenital) mycoplasmosis

Urogenital or urogenic mycoplasmosis - This is a disease of infectious nature, which lies in inflammation of urinary and reproduction bodies. Provokes a group microbic disease mycoplasma – mycoplasma Urealitikus or mycoplasma Hominis .

How does an infection spread?

The disseminator of mycoplasma is an infected person or a carrier of microorganism. The duration of the epidemiological hazard of the patient with doctors today is unknown. Mycoplasma is propagated by sexually in the period of unprotected copulation.

It is also not excluded to infect the fetus from the mother, since the infection can penetrate the placenta and during childbirth.

Representatives of the strong gender, the causative agent is usually localized in the urethra, and in women on the vagina mucosa.

After cure from mycoplasmosis, the body practically does not produce immunity, therefore, cured once, it is possible to get an unlimited number of times ( this contributes to the weakening of protective mechanisms).

The hidden period with this form of mycoplasmosis has three to five weeks.

How does the disease proceed?

Only in fifteen percent of the disease there is a classic picture. With the overwhelming number of diseases, mycoplasmosis is combined with gonokokkom.. Chlamydia or other pathogens. In this regard, the manifestations of the disease are usually mixed.

For representatives of weak gender, the disease may not cause any symptoms at all, so therapeutic measures are often delayed and the disease flows into the chronicle. Representatives of strong sex can also develop a hidden form of the disease.

Patients suffering from urogenital mycoplasmosis have the expiration of a specific mucus from the vagina or urethra. The painting of the mucus varies from yellowish to colorless. Often, the expiration of mucus is combined with pain or burning during urine isolate or during copulation. Patients suffer from itching in the urethra. Sometimes the yetra exit hyperemia is found, itching in the rear pass and pain in the groin.

If the disease therapy is not conducted, the pathogen goes to internal organs reproduction and disrupts the state of the uterine pipes, uterus, ovarian, testicles in men and seedspots. If such changes have already begun, men complain of pain in the scrotum, crotch, rectum. Women also experience pain in groin and in the field of the lower back.

Sometimes mycoplasma is striking joints and causes arthritis or mucous membrane of the eye and causes conjunctivitis.

There is evidence that this pathogen independently or together with other types of pathogens may violate blood generation, suppresses immunity, and also provokes autoimmune processes ( failure in the work of immunity, in which protective carts attack the tissue of their own body).

What methods of diagnosis are used to detect urogenital mycoplasmosis?

In the definition of this disease, such diagnostic methods are applied:

More detailed each of these methods is already considered slightly higher.

Therapy of urogenital myoplasmosis

Because the disease usually passes without special signs, the patients come to the consultation of the gynecologist or urologist when the disease flowed into the chronicle or gave complications.

The therapy of urogenital mycoplasmosis is carried out by methods overwhelming and destroying infection.

Therapeutic measures are subject to strictly individually, their choice is influenced by the complexity of the clinical picture, the course of illness, the presence of other diseases or complications.

As basic measures with infection, antibiotics are used from the tetracycline group ( metacycline. Tetracycline, doxycycline), azalida ( josamamicin, Erythromycin, Azitromycin), as well as fluoroquinolones ( pefloksacin, Ofloxacin).

If, in addition to mycoplasma, the patient is affected by other types of infection, except the antibiotic assign means to destroy these infections ( antifungal, metronidazole). Therapy is necessarily controlled by a doctor, control is carried out for quite a long time.

A number of drugs and dosages that are used in urogenital infections:

Drug name

Mycoplasmosis is pulmonary

Mikopolmosis of the respiratory tract in adults and children

What is mycoplasma and how do they breed?

Mycoplasma is in small size and are located only inside the infected cells. Such a location protects them from the effects of the cells of the immune system and antibodies (mycoplasma "as it were hide" inside the cells of the human body).

Mycoplasma is movable and when destroying one cells are able to quickly move in the intercellular space to other cells to infect them.

Mycoplasma is capable of firmly attached to cell shells, so infection (mycoplasmosis) occurs even after penetration into the organism of a small number of microbes.

Finding inside the cell epithelium cells of the respiratory tract (cells lining the surface of the trachea, bronchi), mycoplasma begin to actively multiply and almost immediately paralyze the normal operation of infected cells.

The most amazing and important feature of mycoplasmas explaining the chronic course of mycoplasmosis is the large structural similarity of mycoplasm with some components of normal tissues of the human body. In view of this, the human immune system is patient with mycoplasmosis, poorly recognizes these microbes, which allows them for a long time to survive in infected tissues.

In addition, mycoplasma (as well as chlamydia) is not sensitive to most antibiotics than the complexity of the treatment of mycoplasma infection is explained.

Symptoms and signs of pulmonary myoplasmosis

The causative agent of the pulmonary mycoplasmosis is the pneumoniee mycoplasma (Mycoplasma Pneumoniae). Mycoplasma infection is most common among preschool children and in children's teams can cause foci of the disease.

The pulmonary mycoplasmosis is transmitted by air-droplet with wets and saliva droplets, which are highlighted by a sick person during cough, as well as contact path, through things infected with the wet and salivary patient (in children's teams, it can be toys, a common chewing gum, food).

Pulmonary (respiratory) mycoplasmosis can occur in the form of mycoplasma bronchitis or mycoplasma pneumonia.

The initial symptoms of mycoplasmosis is pain and sore throat, dry tweeted swing, nasal congestion. In children with mycoplasmosis, the main symptom of the disease can be dry annoying cough (see what you need to know about coughing and its treatment), arising against the background of a minor temperature increase. Parents are often confused by the symptoms of mycoplasmosis with symptoms of light cold and begin independent treatment (expectorant means, anti-antibiotic antibiotic medicines) which, for obvious reasons, remains unsuccessful.

Mycoplasma pneumonia (see Atypical pneumonia) develops in children, as well as young adults, as a complication of mycoplasma bronchitis. The flow of mycoplasma pneumonia resembles flu: throat pain, gradual increase in temperature (up to 39 seconds), dry cough, pronounced shortness of breath (difficulty breathing), drought. The cough in mycoplasma pneumonia is often accompanied by the release of a small amount of purulent sputum (sometimes blood traces may be present in sputum). On an x-ray of light patients with mycoplasma pneumonia, blurry shadows are determined, denoting scattered foci of lung inflammation.

The course of mycoplasma pneumonia, in general, favorable, but in some cases, in weakened patients, complications may arise (meningitis, arthritis, jade).

The symptoms of pulmonary myoplasmosis are almost indistinguishable from the symptoms of chlamydial respiratory tract infection (pulmonary chlamydia). However, the treatment of both diseases is almost the same, therefore, if the respiratory tract is suspected of a chlamydial or mycoplasma infection, and in the absence of the possibility of establishing the culprit of the disease, you can pass trial treatment (see below).

In children, mycoplasma infection is capable of calling not only bronchitis and pneumonia, but also sinusitis (for example, sinusitis), pharyngitis. In addition to the respiratory tract, mycoplasm is able to affect the urinary system, joints (see mycoplasmosis).

How is the diagnosis of mycoplasmosis?

The diagnosis of mycoplasmosis uses two types of tests:

The determination of the bacteria DNA by the method of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the most sensitive and accurate method for diagnosing pulmonary myoplasmosis. PCR requires expensive equipment, so this method of diagnosing mycoplasmosis may be inaccessible in some diagnostic centers.

The definition of specific antibodies reveals traces of the body's immune response on mycoplasma infection. In patients with mycoplasmosis, antibodies of type IgG and IgM are determined. In patients undergoing mycoplasmosis, only IgG antibodies are defined in the past (this means that the patient suffered an infection is not sick now).

Treatment of pulmonary myoplasmosis

The treatment of mycoplasmosis depends on the form of the disease. Before starting treatment, it is necessary to diagnose, since the treatment of mycoplasmosis is significantly different from the treatment of conventional bacterial or viral bronchitis. With pulmonary mycoplasmosis, treatment includes:

The course of antibiotics: one of the drugs from the group of macrolides (for example, erythromycin 500 mg / day for adults and 50mg / kg / day for children - 5-6 days), tetracycline, fluoroquinolones.

Beneficial means can only be used at the beginning of the disease (first 1-2 days) to facilitate dry painful cough.

Expectorant for pulmonary mycoplasmosis is prescribed mainly in the case of mycoplasma pneumonia or to facilitate cough in the next days of the treatment of bronchitis.

The treatment of pulmonary mycoplasmosis cannot be carried out independently. Before starting treatment, you need to consult a specialist.

Mycoplasmosis. Symptoms. Diagnostics. Treatment.

Mycoplasmosis - this is infection, whose pathogens are microorganisms from the family of mycoplasma. Various representatives of this family are able to cause specific damage to the respiratory tract and organs of the urogenital system. Mycoplasmosis is urogenital and respiratory. Since the symptoms of the disease with these forms is different, there is a need to stop at each individual.

Respiratory (Light) Mycoplasmosis - infectious disease of the respiratory tract of man. The causative agent of the pulmonary mycoplasmosis is the microbism of the pneumonia (Mycoplasma pneumonia) and some other (more rare) representatives of the family of mycoplasm. Pneumoplasm (as it is also called pneumonia's myoplasm) causes characteristic reactions of light tissues, which leads to their destruction, and in addition, it causes an autoimmune response (attack of the body's immune system on its own cells).

How is the pulmonary mycoplasmosis transmit?

The source of mycoplasma is a patient with mycoplasmosis. The patient is able to allocate the pathogen for 10 days from the moment of the disease, but if the disease is accompanied by a long-term increase in temperature (chronic course of the disease), then the period of selection of mycoplasmas can be lengthened to 13 weeks.

The path of transmission of infection is air-drip, that is, the same as with many other infectious diseases of the respiratory system.

Also possible contact-household transfer path (through household items, toys, handshake). Transmission of infection with contact-household is observed mainly in children's teams.

It is important to note that the susceptibility to mycoplasm is determined by genetically, that is, different people have different susceptibility to mycoplasmas, and post-infectious immunity is able to persist for 5-10 years.

The incubation period (the segment of the time from the moment of contacting the microbe to the body before the symptoms of the disease) in the development of pulmonary mycoplasmosis lasts an average of 7-14 days.

What are the symptoms of respiratory cards mycoplasmosis?

The first symptoms of respiratory mycoplasmosis are a short-term increase in temperature to 38 ° C, cough. Ensure in the throat, nasal congestion and high sweating. Redness of the mucous membrane of the mouth and pharynx. Since the development of the disease is gradual, then when engaging in the process of bronchi, a dry exhausting cough occurs sometimes with a scanty sputter. Further development of the disease leads to the occurrence of mycoplasma pneumonia (see atypical pneumonia). In general, the symptoms of pulmonary mycoplasmosis resemble the symptoms of influenza, but unlike influenza. In which all the symptoms of the disease develop within 1-2 days and disappear during the week, with mycoplasmosis, as already mentioned, the symptoms were gradually and long and long-term development.

For respiratory mycoplasmosis, the gradual regress of disease symptoms is characterized - within 3-4 weeks, sometimes up to 2-3 months. Young people have the transition of mycoplasmosis in chronic form It may be caused by the development of bronchiectasis (irreversible expansion of bronchi) or pneumosclerosis (the growth of scar connective tissue in the lungs).

What methods are used to diagnose respiratory mycoplasmosis?

How is the respiratory mycoplasmosis treat?

The most effective preparations for the treatment of respiratory mycoplasmosis are the drugs of the group of macrolides. The most famous drug from this group is Macropen.

Macropen is used in the treatment of pulmonary mycoplasmosis in adults, but it can also be used in the treatment of mycoplasmosis in children over 8 years old. As a rule, the drug is well tolerated by patients.

Macroin is contraindicated in patients with severe liver diseases (hepatitis. Cirrhosis), as well as patients with renal failure.

Children with a body weight of more than 30 kg Macroen are assigned 400 mg 3 times a day. For ease of use, the drug is produced in the form of a suspension for reception inside.

In the treatment of pulmonary mycoplasmosis, tetracycline antibiotics are also used (a common representative - doxycycline). Antibiotics from this group are particularly effective in association of several pathogens, for example, pneumonium mycoplasma + pneumonia pneumonia or mycoplasma + streptococcus pneumonia. Dose Doxycycline is calculated as 4mg / kg of weight on the first day, followed by a decrease in dose to 2 mg / kg of weight. The duration of the course of treatment is determined by the attending physician.

Urogenital (urogenital) mycoplasmosis - infectious disease characterized by inflammatory damage to the organs of the urogenital system. The pathogens of the mycoplasmosis of the genital organs are representatives of the family of mycoplasmic - mycoplasma Hominis and mycoplasma Urealitikum (ureaplasm).

How is the infection of urogenital mycoplasmosis?

The source of mycoplasma (ureaplasma) is a sick person or a carrier of infection. The period of contractions so far is not sufficiently studied. The transmission path of infection differs from that with a pulmonary form: urogenital mycoplasmosis belongs to diseases of the transmitted sexual way (STD). Since the main way to transmit sex infection (during unprotected sexual intercourse).

It is possible to transfer infection from the Mother Fruit through the placenta (transplantational transmission path), as well as when the child passes through the generic pathways during childbirth.

In men, mycoplasma and ureaplasm are more likely affecting urethra (urethra channel), and in women - the vagina.

The post-infectious immunity is very weak, that is, healing from mycoplasma can be infected and get sick again (especially with a decrease in immunity).

The incubation period for urogenital mycoplasmosis is 3-5 weeks.

How does urogenital mycoplasmosis manifest?

Mycoplasmosis "In the pure" form is found only in 12-18% of cases. In most cases (85-90%), mycoplasma infection is associated with other microbes (for example, with chlamydia. Gonococcal infection), therefore the symptoms of the disease are mixed.

The urogenital mycoplasmosis in women often proceeds asymptomatic, which contributes to the delays of treatment and the transition of the disease in a chronic form.

As well as women, men, mycoplasmosis often flows asymptomatic.

Patients with urogenital mycoplasmosis complain of the selection of urethra (in men) or from the vagina (in women). These selection can be white, yellow color or transparent. Often allocations are accompanied by burning and soreness when urination and sometimes with sexual interchange. Patients feel itching in the urethra. There may be swelling and redness of the yetra outlet, as well as pain at the bottom of the abdomen, itching and pain in the area of \u200b\u200bthe anal hole.

In the absence of treatment, mycoplasmosis affects the internal genitals (the uterus, the fallopian tubes, ovaries in women and seeding ducts and testicles in men). In such cases, men appear in pain in the scrotum, the rectum, in the crotch area, and women are bothering lumbar pains and pain at the bottom of the abdomen.

In some cases, mycoplasmosis is combined with the lesion of the joints (arthritis), conjunctivitis (inflammation of the outer transparent shell of the eye).

There are information that mycoplasma, especially in combination with other types of urogenital infections, adversely affects blood formation, reduces immunity and causes autoimmune reactions (violation of the recognition of alien agents and the direction of the body's protective functions against its own organs and tissues).

What diagnostic methods are used to identify urogenital mycoplasmosis?

The following diagnostic methods are used in the diagnosis of urogenital mycoplasmosis:

Read more about these diagnostic methods, read in the Respiratory Mycoplamp section (see above).

Treatment of urogenital myoplasmosis

Due to the fact that mycoplasmosis proceeds asymptomatic, to the doctor, as a rule, appeal after the appearance of complications or after the transition of the disease in chronic form.

Treatment of urogenital mycoplasmosis includes means affecting the causative agent of the disease (killing infection).

Treatment for each patient is selected individually depending on the form of the disease, its severity, the presence of concomitant diseases or complications.

For the struggle of urogenital infection (mycoplasma, ureaplasm) in modern medical practice, tetracycline antibiotic (tetracycline, metacycline, doxycycline), macrolides and azalides (erythromycin, roxitrone) and fluoroquinolones are effectively used (erythromycin, etc.) and fluoroquinolones (offloxacin, ciprofloxacin, peffloxacin) .

In cases of mixed infection, the described preparations are combined with other antimicrobial means (metronidazole, antifungal drugs).

This treatment should pass under strict dispensary observation, long and complex.

Some drugs and their doses used in the treatment of urogenital infection:

How the symptoms of mycoplasma Hominis, genitalium, pneumonia are manifested: signs of mypoplasmosis

Cause certain painful manifestations of mycoplasmosis, as well as ureaplasmosis. It can only under the influence of provoking factors, for example, plasma Hominis and genitalium, will aggressively show themselves against the background of reduced immunity, chlamydia, bacterial vaginosis, indiscriminate sexual bonds.

Mycoplasma and Ureaplasm: Symptoms, signs and ways of infection with Hominis and Genitalium types

Infection may occur different ways: Drive from the sick mother to the child when the generic paths are passed, through sexual contact, and, extremely rarely, in a contact-household method. Infection by microorganism pneumonia occurs by inhalation of infection. However, the presence of infections in the genitalium and the Hominis in the body - in 60% of the population is permissible, provided that the number of colony-forming microorganisms remains within the permissible norm. This norm is within 100 units for both the plasma of Hominis and the plasma genitalium.

In the big cities of the disease provoked by the type of pneumonia, are constantly observed throughout the four seasons. Every few years there are quite predictable epidemics characteristic of which the corresponding infectious diseases are. Pneumonia is transmitted through the air and inhaled dust, but in contrast to the usual Orz, its infectious potential is much less. Treatment is selected individually, antibiotics of the penicillin group.

Mycoplasma Pneumonia - symptoms and signs of the disease in both sexes will be identical:

Ureaplasmosis and mycoplasmosis: symptoms and treatment

Since these diseases themselves do not have standard clinical symptoms, it is necessary to diagnose and treat the patient for the manifestations of complications caused by them, for example, on the signs of urethritis, prostatitis or vaginitis. So, the diagnosis should be made on the basis of the results of laboratory studies. In modern practice, the symptoms of mycoplasma genitalium, Hominis, and pneumonia are diagnosed on the signs of the following methods:

For a long time, the symptoms of mycoplasma were treated with antibiotic drugs based on tetracycline, namely doxycycline and analog preparations. The duration of such treatment is at least a week, with a standard dosage assignment. But increasingly, the plasma of Hominis, genitalium and pneumonia are resistant to treat these types of antibiotics. Does not react to tetracycline treatment and ureaplasmen infection. Now, at the first mycoplasma, signs are prescribed treatment schemes based on reflux, josamycin and azithromycin. If the listed antibiotics do not give a positive result - repeated bacteriological sowing should be carried out and determine the resistance of the detected strain. If plasma symptoms appeared on the background of reduced immunity, then the disease is likely to quickly show signs of acute or chronic stage. In this case, the doctor will include the latter generation immunomodulators, which will significantly increase the natural forces of the body in combating microorganisms.

Independent treatment with symptoms and signs of plasma pathogens and ureaplasmosis is absolutely not effective. Such a selection of drugs can only harm, proportionally intensifying the manifestations of the strains of genitalium and Hominis, many of which are irreversible or pose a threat to life.

Respiratory mycoplasmosis

Causes of respiratory mycoplasmosis

The cause of respiratory mycoplasmosis is considered mycoplasma. The source of proliferation of infection is a sick person. Patient suffering from mycoplasmosis, allocates microorganisms for 10 days from the moment of the beginning of the disease, in chronic flow pathological process The infection carrier may be dangerous for those surrounding for 13 weeks.

Mycoplasma fall into the human body by air-droplet, for children's teams is characterized by a contact-household path of transmission of infection.

The susceptibility to the causative agent of the disease depends on the genetic characteristics of the person, and the immunity acquired after the transferred disease can persist from five to ten years. The incubation period during mycoplasmosis lasts from one to two weeks.

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Symptoms of pulmonary mycoplasmosis

The first symptoms of respiratory mycoplasmosis include an increase in body temperature up to 38 degrees Celsius for short time, cough, easy sensations In the throat (perfense), runny nose and abundant sweating. On the mucous membrane of the mouth and the pharynx marks redness. With the further development of the disease, the inflammatory process is lowered into the bronchi and becomes the cause of dry painful cough with a meager highlight of sputum. In advanced cases, atypical pneumonia develops against the background of respiratory mycoplasmosis. By its symptoms, pulmonary mycoplasmosis has a lot in common with influenza symptoms, but, in contrast to flu, the symptoms and long-term course of the disease are characterized for mycoplasmosis.

Respiratory mycoplasmosis is accompanied by regress symptoms, which continues for one to three months. In young patients, chronic mycoplasmosis can cause irreversible expansion of the bronchi or the appearance of scars in the lungs due to the growth of the connective tissue.

Treatment of respiratory mycoplasmosis

Antibiotics from a group of macrolides are most often used for the treatment of respiratory mycoplasmosis, the most popular drug is considered "Macropen". It is recommended to adult patients and children from eight years and older. The drug in most cases is well tolerated. Macropen is contraindicated in severe liver damage and patients suffering from renal failure.

In addition, antimicrobial means of tetracycline can be prescribed for the treatment of respiratory mycoplasmosis, which are most effective in the presence of several causative agents of the infectious process.

Mycoplasma Pneumonia in children: symptoms, diagnostics, treatment

Very often, the infection is progressing into pneumonia, which is similar to the flu in its course. The basis of therapy is antibiotics from the tetracycline group, fluoroquinolones, macrolides.

Mycoplasma Pneumonia, Urealitikum and Hominis in children

A total of 12 species of mycoplasma were allocated, but the pathogenic for humans are only three: pneumonia, hominis and urealithic. The first appearance, as is clear from the name, strikes the respiratory tract, and the second and third - urinary system, provoking urethritis, vaginitis, cervicitis.

Microbes are localized only inside infected cells, which protects them from the impact of the immune system and antibodies. They have high mobility, quickly move in the intercellular space to infect healthy cells.

The infection develops even when a very small number of microbes fall into the body. Aging cell epithelium cells, microbes are actively multiplied, which affects the normal operation of the organs. In addition, mycoplasma, like chlamydia, is highly resistant to antibiotics, so the treatment is sometimes very complex.

Symptoms and signs of the presence of mycoplasm in children

The infection is very common among the kids of preschool age. In the collectives, it is able to provoke the foci of the disease. Pulmonary (respiratory) mycoplasmosis is caused by pneumonia myoplasm.

Infection occurs with airborne droplets, that is, through saliva, sputum distinguished by a sick person with a cough. In addition, infection can occur through things that have listed substances (toys, dishes, food). Respiratory mycoplasmosis can flow as bronchitis or pneumonia.

Primary symptoms: Ensure and sore throat, cough (dry, frequent), nasal congestion, minor temperature increase. Parents can take this type of infections for the usual respiratory disease and start self-treatment using expectorant, antitussive medicines, but the treatment will be unsuccessful.

With progression of infection, atypical pneumonia occurs, the symptoms of which are similar to the usual form. The temperature rises to 38-39 °, there is a general ailment, headache, cough. In the absence of treatment, the temperature rises even higher, breathing is readier and finds it difficult. Chlamydia and mycoplasma have similar symptoms. At the same time, treatment in the presence of these microbes is also not very different. Sometimes if it is impossible to install a microbe that caused infection is carried out testing.

Often, atypical lung inflammation occurs as a complication of mycoplasma bronchitis. At the same time, the cough is though dry, but sometimes a small amount of purulent sputum is distinguished, blood splashes can be observed. This state on the X-ray looks like blurry shadows. They denote scattered foci of inflammation of the lungs.

In almost all cases of micalloplasma disease, pneumonia in children is successfully excreted from the body, the course and outcome of the disease is favorable, but kids with weakened immunity may have complications, for example, jade, meningitis. The kids of mycoplasma can provoke a sinusitis, pharyngitis, and other forms of microorganism - the urinary system.

Chlamydia and mycoplasma: diagnosis in children

In the process of determining the causative agent of the disease, two types of tests are used:

• Determination of specific antibodies. The method allows to detect traces of the body's immune response to the invasion of infection. In patients with mycoplasmosis, there are IgG and IgM antibodies. Those who have already had overwhelmed, only IgG antibodies remain, which means a person suffered an infection, but now healthy;
• Determination of bacteria DNA by PCR method (polymerase chain reaction). It is worth noting that this analysis is currently the most accurate and sensitive method of diagnosis, and this applies not only to mycoplasmosis, but also many other infections. However, PCR analysis is carried out not in all medical institutions due to the lack of suitable equipment.

A feature of the inflammation of the lungs caused by mycoplasmas is the inconsistency of the physical parameters of radiological features, as well as the lack of results in the treatment of cephalosporins and penicillins.

The following analyzes on mycoplasma and other pathogens in children can also be prescribed: Bacteriological sowing of sputum, IFA, RSK, Reef, washing from nasopharynx to the nutrient medium, radioimmune study. It is worth noting that x-ray changes will be present for another 4-6 weeks.

The presence of chlamydia in the body is determined using an ELISA, microscopic, culture research, analysis of biological environments. The most diagnostic value is the definition of antibody title.

How to treat mycoplasum pneumonia and chlamydial form in children

As a rule, all activities aimed at eliminating the disease are carried out under a hospital. Be sure to hospitalize patients with brunt pneumonia, complicated by an acute form, a severe course with severe intoxication of the organism, severely related pathologies, if it is impossible to obtain proper outpatient treatment. At home, it is possible to treat only diseases in a light form, but children are most often hospitalized.

For a sick child need to properly care: put it in a spacious room, which is well covered; provide high-quality ventilation; often airing the room, because fresh air has a positive effect on a dream, and also improves the functions of the respiratory system; Carefully care for the oral cavity.

Treatment is not necessary without plenty of drink. It can be mineral or boiled water, a bit acidified with lemon juice, natural fruit juices, vitamin infusions (a tweak of roshovnik), cranberry morse, etc. feeding the child of the oldest age is necessary in various ways using products that are easily absorbed. In the future, food should be balanced: include the amount of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, as well as useful substances (vitamins, minerals) of the growing organism.

Treatment of pneumonia myoplasms and other types of microbes in children necessarily includes antibacterial drugs. These may be macrolides (erythromycin), tetracycles or fluoroquinolones. Also in the first days of the disease need antitussive tools. Preparations of this group make it easier for dry dust cough. In the future, they are replaced by expectorant means.

Must under treatment include physiotherapy. With a pronounced fever and intoxication, it is not resorted to it, using only banks, alcohol and oil compresses and mustard pieces.

The doctor necessarily prescribes inhalation. Such procedures improve the drainage and ventilation function of the bronchi, and can also be used for anti-inflammatory purposes. At home, as a rule, grabs purani (St. John's wort, chamomile) are used. Inhalations are very useful in treating any cold illnessaccompanied by the defeat of the respiratory tract.

In anti-inflammatory purposes, electrophoresis of lidases, calcium chloride, heparin, potassium iodide are used. With bronchospastic syndrome, electrophoresis of platifylin, euphilline, magnesium sulfate can be recommended, and when coughing and pain, a procedure with dicain or novocaine.

During the permission of the disease, ozochlorite, mud and paraffin applications are allowed. With patients with children, it is necessary to study the exercise. Special exercise complexes will improve the mobility of the chest, blood supply, the circulation of oxygen, ventilation and the drainage function of the bronchi. LFC, as a rule, is prescribed after 2-3 after a decrease in temperature. In the acute period of the disease, it is recommended to perform special breathing exercises that will help bring sputum.

At all stages of the disease, parents must make a massage of the chest. The procedure improves blood microcirculation in the lungs, contributes to the resorption of inflammation foci. However, the nature of the massage depends on the degree of intoxication, the severity of symptoms and body temperature.

Content

The inflammation of the lungs caused by the causative agent atypical for this group is manifested by non-specific symptoms, which complicates the formulation of an accurate medical conclusion. The course of mycoplasma pneumonia is not so heavy as the typical form of the disease, but in view of the frequent distortion of the primary diagnosis, it can cause dangerous complications.

What is my pneumonia mycoplasma

Inflammation of the lung tissue (pneumonia) occurs due to the defeat by its infectious agents of bacterial, fungal or viral nature. Often this disease provoke virulent bacteria pneumococci, staphylococci or streptococci. Clinical signs Diseases are sharply pronounced and develop rapidly. With the defeat of the body atypical for the development of pneumonia by microorganisms, the inflammation of the lungs flows in a less severe form and is used relative to it medical term "Atypical pneumonia."

One of the pathogens atypical form of pulmonary pathology is the Mycoplasma Pneumoniae bacterium, which relates to the genus Mycoplasma and has characteristic features for its representatives - the absence of a cell wall, the presence of a cytoplasmic membrane, polymorphism, aerobity. In addition to inflammation of the tissues of the lungs, this type of microorganism can provoke an inflammatory process on the mucous membrane of the bronchi (tracheobronchitis) and affect the organs of the urogenital system.

Atypical pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma Pneumoniae is more often diagnosed in children and young people under the age of 35. Due to the fact that this bacterium has a high virulence (very infection), the pulmonary infection rapidly spreads in groups with close relations (family, preschool and educational institutions, seats of temporary residence of students or servicemen), public places, etc. Peak mass infections falls on autumn period.

The transmission of pathogenic bacteria occurs with air-droplet with nasopharynx mucus. In external conditions, microorganisms are small-resistant, high sensitivity to the effects of temperature, ultrasound, absence of moisture, high acidity. Due to the fact that the mechanism of action of beta-lactam antibiotics (penicillins, cephalosporins) is aimed at destroying the cell wall of the microbes, its absence in mycoplasm makes them resistant to the effects of this group of antibacterial agents.

Normally, the human body inhabits up to 14 species of mycoplasm relating to conditionally pathogenic bacteria. Absolutely healthy person can be a carrier of microorganism that does not feel its presence, but when factors favorable for activation, he begins to spread, causing diseases such as:

Mycoplasma pneumoniae bacteria have the ability to prolonged in the epithelium cells or lymphadenoid pharyngeal ring, waiting for favorable conditions for active reproduction. Factors contributing to the activation of microorganisms and increase the risk of developing mycoplasma infection are:

• depressed immunity, immunodeficiency states;
• congenital heart pathology;
• leaking lung diseases;
• weakening of the protective functions of the body against the background of transferred infectious or viral diseases (influenza, ORVI, etc.);
• pulmonary pathology;
• children's or elderly age (up to 5 and after 65 years);
• hemoglobinopathy (sickle cell anemia);
• hypo- and avitaminosis;
• recurrent chronic diseases;
• regular use of substances that cause harm to organism (smoking, alcoholism, drug addiction).

Symptoms

Diseases caused by atypical pathogens are manifested non-characteristic signs for their group. When infected by the pathogenic bacterium, its introduction in target cells occurs within a few days, during which there are no signs of lesion of the body. This period is called incubation or latent, and for mycoplasma pneumonia it averages 12-14 days (it may vary from 1 to 4 weeks).

The clinical picture of the illness at the initial stage is characterized by a sluggish stream with the predominance of generalized symptoms. In some cases, the beginning of pneumonia can develop a subacline or acute (with a strongly weakened immunite or numerous bacterial attack), symptoms of interstitial lung damage can be added to the sickness spectrum. The first stage of the disease is characterized by such signs:

• nasal congestion;
• drying the nasophack mucosa;
• occasion in the throat, witness votes;
• deterioration of general well-being;
• weakness, drowsiness;
• increased sweating;
• headaches;
• dry low-product cough (characterized periodic seizures of intense exhaust cough), which remained for a long time (more than 10-15 days);
• moderate increase in body temperature;
• chills.

The symptoms accompanying the initial form of the disease is characteristic of such lesions of the upper respiratory tract, like catarrhal noodargitis and laryngitis, which can distort the preliminary diagnosis. In addition to respiratory signs, the bacteria of mycoplasma can cause difficult manifestations, the joining of which takes the flow of pneumonia. To irregular symptoms include:

• skin lesions in the form of rashes;
• rash, localized on drummers;
• muscle pain;
• uncomfortable sensations in the gastrointestinal tract;
• worsening sleep quality;
• disorders of sensitivity of the skin.

In the presence of concomitant pulmonary diseases, mycoplasmosis contributes to their exacerbation. After 5-7 days from the moment of infection, the manifestations of the disease become more pronounced and objective physical signs of atypical pneumonia, which include:

• characteristic crisp sound when breathing (crepitiation);
• melchopusarians;
• the debit of sputum during the cough (viscous, mucous selection);
• an increase in temperature above subfebrile digits (up to 40 degrees);
• soreness B. chest, increasing when performing inhale or exhalation.

If the flow of pneumonia is safe, not complicated by the associated infections, the symptoms of the disease gradually, for 7-10 days, disappears, with the exception of cough, which is preserved within 10-15 days. When moving the mycoplasma form of the disease in the mixed (more often in mycoplasma-bacterial with the addition of pneumococci streptococcal bacterium) complications may develop.

Mycoplasma Pneumonia in children

In the pediatric practice of mycoplasma is the cause of development of about 20% of inflammatory processes in the pulmonary fabric. Children from 5 to 15 years old are the greatest risk of infection, but the greatest danger of this type of pathogen is under 5 years old for kids, whose body has no resistance to microbes. The clinical picture of the flow of lung inflammation in children is often complemented by the transition of pneumonia into a chronic form, therefore, for this group of patients, it is important to identify signs of the disease in a timely manner and to begin adequate treatment in time.

The diagnosis of mycoplasmosis in the early stages makes it difficult to nonspecific symptoms, and the disease in children under 5 years is characterized by a low-limit flow, which leads to late identification of pneumonia and the appearance of risk of its acute manifestation. The beginning of the disease has signs similar to the flu, and to differentiate these two states and the exclusion of the diagnostic error during the establishment of the diagnosis, doctors are recommended to take analysis on mycoplasm in children with the slightest suspicion of its presence.

The initial symptoms of mycoplasma inflammation of the lungs in the child can be revealed by the following states:

• hoped nose breathing;
• soreness and redness of the throat;
• deterioration of appetite;
• gradual increase in body temperature;
• attacks of exhausting cough with a small amount of exhaust sputum;
• fever;
• periodic headache;
• soreness in the chest during deep respiratory movements.

If a secondary viral or bacterial infection is joined to mycoplasma pneumonia, the severity of the patient's state is aggravated, the most severe course of the disease is characteristic of the drain form of inflammation of the pulmonary fabric (when the focus of small foci and lesion of the whole lung share occurs). A distinctive feature of mycoplasmosis is the presence along with respiratory symptoms of extreme signs of the disease:

• pyatnost-Papulse or Upholstered (by the type of urticaria) rashes on the skin;
• discomfort in the stomach;
• muscle and articular pains;
• spontaneously emerging sensations of numbness, tingling on the skin;
• increase lymph nodes.

Diagnostics

During the initial inspection of the patient with a suspicion of atypical pneumonia, anamnesis and examination with the use of physical methods occurs. At the first stage of the disease, the establishment of accurate diagnosis is difficult due to the lack of explicit manifestations of mycoplasmosis and similarity of symptoms with other pathologies. To clarify the preliminary conclusion and exclusion of other pulmonary diseases (ARVI, psittakosis, legionellosis, tuberculosis, etc.), the diagnosis is complemented by such methods as:

• Seric blood test - during a general detailed analysis of specific features is not detected, therefore, the study of the interaction of blood serum with antigens is indicative using the reaction of indirect hemagglutination or an immuno-immimic analysis. In the time of this study, a dynamic change in the amount of specific immunoglobulins of class G (IgG) in serum is revealed, if their content for 2 weeks is increased - this is confirmed by the infection of mycoplasma (for the acute phase of the disease and reconvalues, it is characterized by an increase in IgG titers by 4 times).
• Rengenography or computed tomography - for a disease caused by mycoplasmas, characterized by the presence of non-homogeneous blurred focal infiltrates in the lower pulmonary fields (less often in the upper), thickening of the lung pattern (in half points indicates the interstitial changes), perivascular and peribrous infiltration (rarely - lobar) .
• Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a highly efficient method by which the presence of an infection in the body can be detected immediately after infection. PCR is used to determine the type of pathogen and its condition (active or persistent).
• Microbiological studies - bacterial seeds isolated from sputum microorganisms are rarely used due to the duration of the incubation period and high demands of bacteria to the habitat.
• Electrocardiography - applies to the timely detection of complications of infectious disease (myocarditis, pericarditis) in patients with patients with cardiovascular system.

Treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia

The protocol of therapeutic measures at pneumonia caused by mycoplasma involves several stages of therapy, depending on the severity of the course of the disease. With acute form characterized by pronounced respiratory symptoms, treatment is carried out in the hospital mode with subsequent rehabilitation and dispensarization. The basis of therapy is drugs that involve the reception of drugs of the following groups:

• antibiotics (priority measures during the acute phase of the disease);
• probiotics (lines, bifiform, chilac) are used to normalize the composition and increase biological activity by antibiotic intestinal microflora;
• broutine (Salbutamol, Clenbuterol, Teophylline) - drugs blocking bronchospasms are used to facilitate the symptoms of the disease in the form of an exhausting cough;
• mukolitiki (ambroxol, bromgexine, tripsis) - medicines that stimulate the debit of sputum and facilitating its removal from the lumen of the tracheobronchial tree;
• analgesics (Pentalgin, Dalleon, Salpadeev) - are shown in pronounced pain syndrome, pain relieve;
• antipirents (paracetomol, acetylsalicylic acid, acetoxium) - analgesics that do not provide an inactive effect on inflammatory processes are used to reduce high body temperature;
• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (ibuprofen, nooofen, diclofenac) - means of oppressive inflammatory processes and having antenitory, antipyretic effect, are prescribed at the rehabilitation stage;
• immunomodulators (thymogen, methyluracil, pentoxyl) - the reception is shown during the rehabilitation period for the restoration of immunological indicators, an increase in the organism's oversized reactivity;
• antiseptic solutions for local applications (Miramistin, Furacilin, Stomatidine) - antimicrobial action, stimulate a nonspecific immune response, reduce the resistance of pathogenic microorganisms to antibacterial agents.

After the suffered pneumonia, rehabilitation procedures are assigned to the patient. If the course of the disease was severe or a common lesion of the lungs with hypoxemia was revealed, recovery measures are carried out in the rehabilitation department. With the uncomplicated form of mycoplasmosis, the recovery occurs in an outpatient mode. For the resumption of the functions of the respiratory organs, the elimination of morphological disorders is assigned the following non-drug activities:

• physiotherapy;
• massage;
• water procedures;
• healing Fitness;
• breathing exercises;
• aerotherapy;
• sanatorium rehabilitation (in environmentally friendly areas with a warm dry or mountain climate).

Patients who have suffered a heavy form of mycoplasma lung inflammation, need to be dispensary observed to control the quality of treatment and prevention of recurrence of the disease. Dispensarization involves regular surveys (inspection, general and serological blood test). A visit to the doctor after recovery occurs after 1, 3, 6 and 12 (with residual changes in the lungs) months from the moment of extracting from the hospital.

Antibiotic treatment

Mycoplasma class bacteria do not have cell shellwhich is the main target of antibacterial agents of the penicillin and cephalosporin group, therefore, for the treatment of atypical pneumonia, it is impractical to apply drugs of these groups. The basis of therapeutic regimes aimed at the complete destruction of pathogenic microorganisms (eradication) is:

• macrolides - azithromycin, clarithromycin, roxitromycin, spiramycin;
• fluoroquinolones - Moxifloxacin, Opleloxacin, Levofloxacin;
• tetracyclines - doxycycline, ksedocin.

Mycoplasma pneumonia in adults can have a recurrent course, for preventing re-infection, the course of antibiotic therapy should be at least 14 days. To achieve a rapid therapeutic effect, a stepped diagram of treatment is preferred - the first 2-3 days of antibiotics are introduced intravenously, after which patients are transferred to the oral administration of the tableted form of the same antibacterial agent or another drug group of macrolides.

One of the effective frequently appointed drugs used in the first line of eradication therapy is clarithromycin. His pharmacological effect Defended by the ability to bind to ribosomes of bacteria and promote violation of intracellular processes. A distinctive feature of the active substance is its ability to penetrate into bacterial cells:

• Title: Clarithromycin.
• Characteristics: The main active substance is a semi-synthetic macrolide, the derivative of the first antibiotic of this group (erythromycin), has increased acid-stability, highly antibacterial properties, can affect both extracellular and intracellular bacteria, the principle of operation consists in violating the protein synthesis of pathogenic microorganisms, indications to Reception serve infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract, mycobacteriosis, contraindications - pregnancy, disorders of the liver or kidney function.
• The method of admission: treatment regimen is established by a doctor, in the absence of related pathologies, the drug should be taken inside (regardless of the time of food) 2 tablets twice a day, the duration of therapy is from 5 to 14 days, if necessary, the reception of other drugs should be made in the absence Negative reaction during combined use of drugs.
• Side effects: Frequent negative effects include nausea, vomiting, gastralgy, diarrhea, headaches, sleep disorder, dizziness, allergic reactions (rash, itching, erythema), rare unwanted effects of the drug are hallucinations, psychosis, loss of hearing, enterocolitis, bleeding of unexplained origin.
• Advantages: High efficiency, available price.
• Disadvantages: the presence of significant side effects.

Some drugs relating to the last generation of fluoroquinolones are included in the list of vital medicines due to their important properties for use in medicine. One of the drugs entered into this list is used in therapeutic practice for the treatment of inflammation caused by mycoplasmas. Moxifloxacin has a molecular structure different from other substances than its highly efficient effect:

• Title: Moxifloxacin.
• Characteristics: Antimicrobial generation antimicrobial drug, not having natural analogues, refers to a group of fluoroquinolones - substances with high activity against a wide range of microorganisms (including atypical), the death of bacteria occurs as a result of inhibiting vital cell enzymes of microbes, reception It is shown in infection with the upper and lower respiratory tract, community-friendly forms of pneumonia, infectious lesions of the skin, consignments to the appointment are children up to 18 years old, pregnancy, epilepsy.
• The method of receiving: The tablet shape is taken inside 1 tablet (400 mg) once a day, an infusion solution (400 mg) is administered intravenously (slowly for 1 hour), the duration of the course of treatment is 10 days.
• Side effects: Negative effects that occur during intake, have a light or average severity and do not require the cancellation of treatment, the most frequent undesirable manifestations of the drug applies nausea, digestion disorder, dizziness, raise candidiasis, arrhythmia, asthenium, nervousness.
• Advantages: Confirmed by clinical studies, the effectiveness against mycoplasma is 96%.
• Disadvantages: There are restrictions on use.

Treatment in children

The organism of an adult with a fully functioning immune system is able to independently cope with pneumonia caused by mycoplasma, but protective functions in children, especially younger age, still weak and cannot withstand infections, so this category of patients is in dire need of adequate therapy. Treatment of pneumonia myoplasms in children is carried out in the hospital in compliance with the beddown. The basis of the therapy of atypical inflammation of the lungs in pediatric practice is antibiotic therapy.

For the treatment of younger patients age groups The use of antibiotics of the tetracycline group (doxycycline, xedocin) is contraindicated due to the high risk of developing side effects. The drug for the treatment of atypical form of inflammation of the lungs in pediatric practice is macrolides due to their safety and good tolerability by children's body. One of the drugs of this group, which, along with antibacterial, also anti-inflammatory effect is Roxitromycin:

• Title: Roxitromycin.
• Characteristics: Tablets that include roxitromycin, are allowed to receive children from 2 months of age, the drug has improved microbiological parameters, retains stability in acidic environments than its rapid effect is due to the pediatrics, with pharyngitis, bronchitis, lung inflammation and other bacterial infections The upper and lower respiratory tract, to contraindications include hypersensitivity to the components of the means.
• The method of admission: The medicine is taken as a suspension, for which it immediately before taking 1 tablet, it is set to the powder state and diluted with boiled water, the daily dose is calculated based on the weight of the child (5-8 mg per 1 kg. Weight) and is divided into two receptions, The duration of treatment should not exceed 10 days.
• Side effects: When complying with the dosing mode, negative effects are rarely developed and weakly expressed, to the most common side effects There are nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, meteorism, allergic reactions, candidiasis, change in nail pigmentation are observed.
• Advantages: good tolerability, quick action.
• Disadvantages: can affect the functionality of the liver.

Antibacterial drugs of the group of macrolides belong to the most non-toxic antibiotics than their widespread use in pediatrics. In this medicinal group allocate a separate subclass - azalida. Preparations related to this subclass have a structural structure different from macrolides and more advanced pharmacological properties, because they are often used to treat children:

• Name: azithromycin.
• Characteristics: A semi-synthetic antibiotic has very high acid resistance (300 times higher than the first erythromycin macrolide), has a bacteriostatic action of a wide spectrum, it is capable of influencing intracellular forms of pathogens, and indications of the reception are ENT infection, inflammatory diseases of the lower respiratory tract, provoked Atypical microbes, the medicine is contraindicated with newborns up to 6 months and patients with impaired kidney or liver function.
• Reception method: The drug for children is produced in the form of an oral suspension, the daily dosage for children up to 12 years depends on the weight of the child (10 mg per 1 kg.), After 12 years ranges from 0.5 to 1 g, the rate duration - from 1 to 10 day.
• Side effects: The most frequent fixed negative effects associated with azithromycin intake are diarrhea, meteorism, impaired emotional background, nausea.
• Advantages: Little and rare side effects.
• Disadvantages: need careful medical control when azithromycin welcome with others medicinal preparations Due to the danger of the development of undesirable consequences.

Complications and consequences

The prediction of pneumonia caused by mycoplasma, with timely and adequate treatment, favorable, but the risk of death is not excluded (registered mortality is up to 1.4% of all infection cases). With a normal immunite, the likelihood of the development of complications against the background of inflammation of the lungs is minimized and often manifested in the form of a long-lasting cough and general weakness.

In patients with reduced immune protection (immunodeficiency states, elderly or children's age, the presence of accompanying pathologies) the risk of adverse effects increases significantly. The severity caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae disease varies in a wide range, atypical pneumonia may complicate such respiratory states:

• lung abscess;
• pneumatozele (cysts in the lungs filled with air);
• pleurisy;
• respiratory failure.

Mycoplasmable type of lung inflammation is dangerous not only by respiratory complications, but also by the defeat of other organism systems. Of the extrapy effects of pneumonia, the most dangerous are:

• The pathology of the nervous system - serous meningitis (ungunny inflammation of the shells of the head and spinal cord), acute inflammatory demyelinizing polyradiculoneuropathy, inflammation of the dorsal (myelitis) or brain (encephalitis), ascending paralysis of Landry, acute transverse myelit. The process of recovery during the damage to the nervous system of mycoplasma flows slowly, residual phenomena are observed long, the likelihood of death is not excluded.
• Diseasement of the hematopoietic system is a hemolytic form of anemia, disseminated intravascular syndromes and reina, thrombocytopenia, cold hemoglobinuria.
• Cardial complications (pericarditis, hemopericard, myocarditis) - rarely correlated with mycoplasmosis due to the lack of accurate data on the causes of their occurrence after the inflammation of the lungs.
• The lesions of the skin and mucous membranes are the ulceration of the mucous membranes of a surface nature (AFTU), rash, malignant exudative erythema (formation of catarrhal exudate on mucous membranes). This type of complications are diagnosed in 25% of patients.
• Diseases of the joints - described a small amount of Cases of development of arthritis and rheumatic attacks.

Prevention

The transferred inflammation of the lungs, provoked by mycoplasma, does not contribute to the formation of persistent specific immunity, so patients who have suffered the disease are subject to re-risk of infection. Preventive measures to prevent penetration into the body of the causative agent of infection are aimed at strengthening its own protective forces and reduce the risk of infection. A complex of preventive measures is to comply with the following recommendations:

• avoid visiting the places of large cluster of people during the outbreak of the activity of infectious agents;
• use protective hygiene (masks, dressings);
• pass in the spring-autumn period Preventive course of immunity strengthening (using folk remedies based on medicinal plants or with the use of medicinal adaptogen);
• observe the day of the day;
• adhere to the rules of balanced nutrition;
• provide a sufficient level of exercise;
• to see the doctor in time when alarming symptoms are detected;
• to undergo the prescribed treatment of chronic diseases;
• annually attend places with favorable climatic conditions (sea, mountains);
• provide a permanent influx of fresh air in the premises of long stay.

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Mycoplasmosis - The infectious disease caused by mycoplasmas proceeds by the type of infection of the upper respiratory tract (pharyngitis, laryngitis, tracheitis) or lower respiratory tract (bronchitis or acute mycoplasma pneumonia).

For your information. The causative agent of mycoplasmosis is also caused by the infection of the urogenital system, but only if infection occurred in gender. The urinary mycoplasmosis is caused by the pathogen, different from respiratory mycoplasmosis. There are no practical meaning to consider the urinary mycoplasmosis in children, therefore this article will be discussed about mycoplasma respiratory infection.

Mycoplasmosiscaused by the pathogen from the genus Mycoplasma. The causative agent of mycoplasma does not apply to any viruses or bacteria and occupies an intermediate place. The causative agent is relatively unstable in the external environment, it is destroyed when heated to 40 ° C for 20 minutes. Transmitted by air-droplet. An infected person highlights the virus when talking, sneezing or cough. The causative agent penetrates the human body with inhaled air and is fixed on the tracheal mucosa and bronchi. The causative agent is also capable of reaching the tissue of lung and cause the defeat of the Alveol.

In order to spread the infection, the crowd of the team is matters, which is often found in the autumn-winter period, poor air circulation in unbelievable rooms. More often sick weakened children.

The introduction of mycoplasmas in the body has several development scenarios. The pathogen can be long inside the body without causing a disease - the child becomes a healthy carrier of infection.

The causative agent can cause a typical bronchopulmonary process or infection of the upper respiratory tract. In an unfavorable case, a generalized infection occurs with the development of such phenomena as arthritis, encephalitis or meningitis.

Symptoms

From the penetration of the pathogen to the body to the development of clinical manifestations of the disease passes about 2 weeks, but the incubation period can be left to 25 days. Depending on the localization of the lesion, various clinical forms of infection are found: the course by type of acute respiratory disease, acute pneumonia, meningitis, myelitis, arthritis, etc.

Most often occur mikopolmosis of respiratory tract. The main symptoms will be: swelling and inflammation of the mucous membrane (runny nose, a sense of nasal congestion), cough, throat. The mucous membrane and pharynx red, sweeping, almonds are enlarged, red, protruding the edge of the sky meck. The process on the upper respiratory tract is often distributed below - on bronchi or pulmonary fabric. When involving in the process of bronchi, obsessive, dry, sad cough arises; When involving the lung process, a typical picture of lung inflammation occurs. The child rises the temperature, its condition is dried, the signs of intoxication are pronounced. The disease can develop both gradually and acutely, unexpectedly, with rapidly increasing symptoms.

More often the disease develops gradually. The temperature at the beginning of the disease is normal, but the child complains of headaches; It is weak and sonalous, it can znob. He can have painful sensations in the muscles and the area of \u200b\u200bthe belt. Cough appears, first dry, medium intensity, the nasal breathing is disturbed, small mucous membranes may appear from the nose, a sense of throats in the throat may appear, the pain when swallowing. In case of inspection, the mucosa is red, Minda Lina can be slightly increased.

In the acute beginning of the disease, the symptoms grow rapidly, the symptoms of intoxication are expressed significantly. The body temperature quickly reaches a maximum and for 3-4 y day from the beginning of the disease reaches 39-40 ° C. High temperatures can hold up to 10 days. In a third of the patients, a liver and spleen can increase on the background of severe symptoms. The child is weak, capricious, dried, can refuse food. It is worried about the dry intense cough, the feeling of turning in the throat, during the inspection of the mucosa pharynx and the almonds are red, almonds are increased. The nose is laid, which makes it difficult for feeding. The child may refuse food. The decrease in temperature occurs gradually, the symptoms of the disease gradually disappear. Sometimes after a decrease in temperature, in a few days it can again rise, the cough and runny nose intensify.

Cough with mycoplasmosis can be a non-permanent character, the sputum may be, but has a scarce amount, a mucous membrane nature, there may be streaks of blood. In some patients, the cough can be very intense, accompanied by sore pain, cough attacks may be accompanied by vomiting. Symptoms of pneumonia can be found no earlier than 5 days from the beginning of the disease. When studying the blood of the patient most a characteristic symptom There will be an enlarged ESP - up to 60 mm / h. Leukocytes can be both enhanced and lowered.

The disease according to the type of acute respiratory viral infection lasts about 2 weeks, but may also be delayed up to a month or more.

Pneumonia in mycoplasmosis develops gradually, the symptoms of the onset of the disease are no different from the acute respiratory viral disease. Sometimes there may be an acute beginning with a high temperature (up to 39 ° C) expressed chills. No matter how the mycoplasma pneumonia begins, intensive symptoms of intoxication are not typical of it, respiratory failure does not develop and is not peculiar to this type of pneumonia. Challenge is characteristic. The cough may be accompanied by a sputum, but it is scarce and insignificant. Cough continuous and exhausting. When listening to the doctor is difficult to correctly recognize the nature of the process, since the data can be very scarce or absent. In peripheral blood when general Analysis There may be minor changes, while the estimated bacterial pneumonia is always accompanied by severe leukocytosis, high ESP. It should be paid to the fact that mycoplasma pneumonia is accompanied by a normal or slightly increased ESP, a small increase in leukocytes. For the formation of an accurate diagnosis, an X-ray study requires, during which pneumonia is detected, which is segmental, focal or interstitial character. Pneumonia may be accompanied by a pleural cavity. Since the overall condition of the patient may suffer slightly, it is important to pay attention to the characteristic complaints.

First, patients are worried about a long chills for several days.

Secondly, children complain about the feeling of heat alternating with chills. The symptoms of intoxication will be presented with muscle and articular pain, which is perceived as "lubrication" in the body, a common partition. Sweat can be expressed and persist for a long time, even after normalizing the body temperature. Headache with mycoplasma pneumonia is always intense, does not have a clear localization, but not accompanied by pain in the eyeballs. Than younger childThe more intense it has symptoms of intoxication. With adequate treatment and proper care The flow rate is favorable. But the regression of clinical symptoms and radiographic changes occurs slowly, can be delayed up to 3-4 months. Young people can meet cases of transition of infection in a chronic process with formation chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, pneumosclerosis. In early age, the process is more likely to be bilateral. The course of mycoplasma pneumonium is accompanied by the exacerbation of chronic diseases. After the transferred mycoplasmosis, increased fatigue is often preserved, the child can dilute for a long time. Periodically marked pain pain. Some changes in the lungs on the x-ray image can remain for a long time. Meningial forms of mycoplasmosis are rare. Most often they have a relatively favorable course.

Diagnosis of mycoplasma infection

The diagnosis of mycoplasma infection is raised on the basis of a clinical picture, epidemiological situation and data laboratory methods Research. A group flash of pneumonia among children in a closed team should always push the doctors to the idea of \u200b\u200bthe possibility of a mycoplasma infection.

Since the clinical picture does not have specific and characteristic only for mycoplasma manifestation infection, the diagnosis is made on the basis of laboratory studies. The methods of detection of the pathogen itself are used in washes from the rotogling or detection of antibodies in paired blood serums, which are taken from the interval of 2 weeks. In the presence of mycoplasmosis, the concentration of specific antibodies in the second serum is greater than in the first.

It is difficult to distinguish the clinical picture of mycoplasma pneumonia from another bacterial pneumonia. From the descendation of the effect of penicillinotherapy, the grueling cough and the absence or scarce of data during listening are typical signs of mycoplasma pneumonia.

Treatment of mycoplasmosis.

Antibiotics of choice for the treatment of various forms of mycoplasma infection in children and adults are macrolides. It is also carried out, in addition, disinfecting therapy, prescribe drugs that improve blood flow and reduced blood viscosity, spasmolytic, expectorant agents, antioxidants. A good effect is provided by physiotherapy (electrophoresis with heparin), massage. In the period of recovery, we have a fascinating treatment.

Prevention Mycoplasmosis

Children with a typical course by type of acute respiratory viral infection should be isolated for a period of at least a week. In mycoplasma pneumonia, a child isolate from the team for 2-3 weeks. The room is thoroughly ventilated and carried out wet cleaning. All contact children need to be observed for at least 2 weeks. Every day it is necessary to measure the temperature, find out the condition of the child from the parents. If the child's mycoplasma infection is suspected and isolate and spend all possible activities for diagnosis and treatment. Specific prevention of mycoplasmosis does not exist, the vaccine against mycoplasmosis is not developed. In the cold season it is necessary to avoid hypothermia. Strengthen the child's immunity.

The site administration site does not evaluate recommendations and reviews about treatment, preparations and specialists. Remember that the discussion is conducted not only by doctors, but also by ordinary readers, so some tips can be dangerous to your health. Before any treatment or reception of medicines, we recommend contacting specialists!

COMMENTARY

Svetlana / 2016-01-27

My child often sick. And cough is also frequent phenomenon. And a long tightening cough for many months. I can say that we have never been offered to pass the analysis to any mycoplasmosis. In my opinion, no mycoplasma infection do not even know. Always - ORZ, bronchitis and standard treatment. And even such a phrase - such as, buy something from cough, ask in a pharmacy ... And then they are indignant that people are engaged in self-medication.

Helena / 2016-02-15
i have an older sister, she has 62 years old, suffered a long time with bronchitis, pneumonia repeated, constantly temperature 37, 37.2 and even above it is even 38 very often, antibiotics redesigned all sorts of a bunch, a sense of zero, I advised her to appeal to an immunologist who listened carefully And she said that she was like a mycoplasma, which was confirmed by the analyzes, just like this all to cure no one yet, and if the chronic form is a long treatment, just rightly appointed, and so doctors tell her all the time "read everything Diseases "How can I invent something! If a person has no power, the madhouse is clean!

Galina / 2017-12-20
The granddaughter is ill often diagnosed with resorted microplasmosis, we are treated by macrolides, if they often give them will be informative? Thank.

Helena / 2017-06-04

Is it possible to cure chronic respiratory mycoplasmosis, does it affect the nervous system and the psyche?

Doctor / 2017-06-15
1. Pass the blood (not strokes) on mycoplasm, if there are more than 2x pluses, then you need to treat it. Cycloferon- drinks according to the scheme, with 6 years old, annotation read, put on the right 10 days in the amount plus an antibiotic. On mycoplasm there are: macrolides -clocid, azithromycin (Sumamed, Aithroks), Rosomycin, Josamecin (Vilprophne), etc., Doxycycline (best of all Unidox Solutab) and fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, such as Tavanik). So, macrolides are transferred on average hard, people are just bad, not the stomach hurts, but bad since during intoxication, complaints such that as dying, many are thrown can not withstand drinking. Junidox - Belly can ache - drink antispasmodics (Trimedat, for example). And to the fluoroquinolones to someone, some are directly affected by brains. According to the degree of power, I would do Doxitsiclin after all the first place put, in my opinion, macrolides and fluorine. Worse work, although individually. But if the macrolides have already drank more than 2 times, then everything will not work, they will not work, this is a fact. Whether respiratory mycoplasmosis affects the nervous system - affects. Do not sit on the antidepressants, drink the motherfather, novitoxit, stick the vitamins of the group in (Milgamma, Combiliphene, complies) or drink neuromulitivitis, also well absorbed these vitamins, actovegin, cerebrolysin to fit (neuroprotectors), phenibut, mexidol, also as calming They have such an effect), rollergardine, as ambulance, if straight alarming is rushing .. Recover! PS attacks of dry painful cough relieves inhalation with berodual, it is better to be inhaled by a compressor inhaler, but you can also use a nebulizer, swelling of the trachea and bronchi, the simple inhalation of 2-5 drops of naphtizin (yes, naphtizin, vasoconducting drug) by 2- 3 ml of fis solution, also inhaled through a compressor inhaler. Antihistamines try not to drink, that's what exactly acts on the brains, worse than any mycoplasma), maximum as ambulance use. If you feel that the mucous is badly damaged, it does not laugh in the chest (that is, it's not a swelling), and more everything is taking and surgery, it is better to use the ACC and Carbcisteine. The best of this series Fluimucil for inhalations (fluimucil antibiotic you do not need, do not bend, just floeumucil without the word "antibiotic") or Fluiford in pills - our drug. These substances restore the mucous bronchi and contribute to the formation of a surfactant - a very important substance for bronchi. Try not to use drugs in the form of syrups, suspensions, these are very allergenic options. Use the tablet shape and solutions for inhalations. If the sputum is, then the ambroxol is a solution for compressor inhalers, a good preparation bulvikort, it also restores well and soothes the bronchial tree, but contains inhaled hormone.

Today, some people often encounter mycoplasma infections. As a rule, such a disease is manifested in two clinical versions, namely in bronchopneumonia and inflammation of urinary organs. Most often, mycoplasma infection occurs in adult patients. In our article you can figure out more detailed information about such a disease.

General information about the causative agent of infection

Mycoplasma infections and their pathogens do not survive in environmental conditions. They die for half an hour at room temperature. The most optimal temperature mode For their stay - this is 0 degrees Celsius. It is for this reason that the aggravation of the disease occurs during the cold season. In contrast to virus infections, mycoplasma is sensitive to antibacterial drugs.

Mycoplasma in the Baby Body

The causative agent of this disease is a microorganism, which in structure and method of its existence occupies an intermediate position between viruses and bacteria. Mycoplasma infection in children can manifest itself in the form of sinusitis, pharyngitis, bronchitis and pneumonia. The main symptoms include a dry cough, an increase in body temperature, painful sensations in the throat and shortness of breath. In addition to respiratory organs, mycoplasma can affect the urinary system and joints.

Mycoplasma infection in children is often moving into pneumonia. In their symptoms, the disease resembles flu. The incubation period during mycoplasma infection ranges from several days to month. Parents often confuse the symptoms of such a disease with influenza or ARVI and begin self-treatment of the child. For objective reasons, it remains unsuccessful.

Mycoplasma pneumonia develops in children due to the exacerbation of bronchitis. The symptoms of such a disease can be attributed high temperature, pain and discomfort in the throat, difficulty breathing and weakness. Dry cough, which accompanies mycoplasma infections, is often associated with purulent secretions.

Mycoplasma pneumonia in children proceeds without exacerbations. Only in some cases complications arise, namely arthritis, meningitis and jade. The symptoms of mycoplasma pneumonia is quite difficult disorders from chlamydial respiratory infections. The treatment of two of these diseases almost completely coincides.
In children, mycoplasma infections can also cause sinusitis and pharyngitis. When examining, a specialist can diagnose dry wheels. Treatment ranges from several days to month.

Acute mycoplasma infection occurs in children against the background of ARVI. Symptoms include chills, Malgia and increased temperature Body. After the appearance of dry cough, it is gradually enhanced and moistened. Over time, a slight amount of purulent sputum appears. In some cases, the child has such symptoms as vomiting, liquid chair And nausea. When inspection, the patient has pale skin Covers. In order to confirm the diagnosis, the child is taken to analyze blood from Vienna.

Against the background of ARVI, a mycoplasma infection is often developing in children. Treatment depends on the form of the disease. First of all, it is necessary to undergo diagnosis. This is not by chance, because the treatment of mycoplasmosis is significantly different from the bronchitis. Children who have pulmonary mycoplasmosis are prescribed antibiotics - doxycycline ("Vocycin", "Devicin", "Daxal") and Fluoroquinolones ("Ciprofloxacin", "Norfloxacin", "Levofloxacin"), antitussive and expectorant syrups ("Lazolyvan", " Ambroben "), as well as analgesics and antipyretic agents (" paracetamol "," ibuprofen "). Patients with such a disease are insulated to complete recovery.

Infection during pregnancy

The micaoplasm group includes more than ten subspecies. However, only four of them can cause serious diseases in the human body. Mycoplasma (ureaplasmen) infection is most often found in sexually active or pregnant women. Another factor for the development of the disease is to receive hormonal contraceptives. This is due to the increase in estrogen in the blood of a woman. The main path of transmitting the disease is sexual.

Mycoplasma infection in women does not have specific symptoms. In some cases, the patients complain about discomfort when urination or minor selection. In the absence of proper treatment, inflammation may develop, which can seriously affect the reproductive function of a woman. As a result, infertility and spontaneous miscarriages. In addition, the patient may have cystitis and urethritis.

The development of the disease during pregnancy can cause premature births, multi-way and inflammation of the walls of the fetus. Mycoplasma infections adversely affect the development of the child. As a result, eye damage, liver, kidney, leather and nervous fetal system can be observed. Mycoplasma diseases may cause damage to the child's development. They act at the genetic level. It is worth noting that disorders during pregnancy are possible only if the woman progresses mycoplasma diseases.

If there are inflammatory processes in a pregnant woman against the background of the development of mycoplasma infections, it is necessary to undergo a survey and begin treatment. It is also required to determine the level of sensitivity to antibiotics. Due to this, you can choose the most efficient and safe treatment for the fetus.

Pregnant women who have conducted an active sex life, a mycoplasma infection is often encountered. Treatment includes antibacterial drugs (see above), as well as those drugs that increase immunity ("cycloferon", "Timogen"). As a rule, the patient's sexual partner needs in the survey. Control analyzes can be handed over a month after the treatment has begun. Sexual contact is excluded until complete recovery.

Respiratory infection

Mycoplasma respiratory infection is an acute disease of the upper respiratory tract. Often, patients have pneumonia. - A person who is a bearer of infection or is in the stages of exacerbation. The transfer of microorganisms is carried out through the air. It is possible to infection through household items. It is worth noting that people with Down syndrome are most susceptible to the disease.

Mycoplasma respiratory infection of respiratory type is a fairly common disease. Most often it develops during the cold season. Infections are susceptible to people who are often located in large collectives. The development of the disease proceeds quite slowly. Often there is a combination of mycoplasma and viral infection.

Respiratory mycoplasma infection requires complete isolation from healthy people. The incubation period can be from week to month, depending on the severity of the disease. Respiratory infection sometimes flows under the guise of ORVI or pneumonia. In adult patients, the following symptoms are observed:

1. Minor chills.

2. Weakness.

3. Sharp headache.

In children with respiratory infections, dry cough, runny nose and painful feelings in the throat can be observed.

To distinguish mycoplasma respiratory diseases from ORVI and influenza in general symptoms is impossible. It is necessary to go through a number of studies. If the mycoplasma infection is confirmed, it is necessary to pass tests for HIV. This is not by chance, because such a disease is often evolving against the background of immunodeficiency.

The launched stage of mycoplasma respiratory infection may result in other diseases, such as pleurisy, myocarditis and encephalitis. For the treatment of this disease, etiotropic therapy and antibiotics are used. The duration of the course of reception of drugs directly depends on their effectiveness on the body of a particular patient. Medicines for the prevention of this disease do not exist.

Chlamydial infection. Pneumonia and conjunctivitis in newborns

Chlamydine-myoplasma infection is a common disease, it is distinguished by the absence of clinical symptoms. Chlamydia-myoplasma infection can lead to the development of hypotrophy, jaundice and cardiopathy. The child's infection occurs during childbirth. The risk of developing chlamydine-mycoplasma diseases directly depends on the method of the root separation and the duration of anhydrous regime.

In some cases, a newborn can observe other infections that were formed against the background of chlamydine-myoplasma disease. In such cases, the condition of the child is diagnosed as severe.

Conjunctivitis is one of the most common diseases that arise against the complication of chlamydine-myoplasma infection. The first signs may be observed immediately after birth, three days later or in a few weeks. Clinical manifestations include the formation of mucous and purulent discharge from both eyes. Diagnose the disease can only specialist, having research results. The complications of conjunctivitis include a sharp decline in view, which is often often treatable.

Chlamydine-mycoplasma infection can cause development The first signs of the disease appear at least two weeks after childbirth. These include cough, respiratory failure, hypotrophy, intoxication and toxic cardiopathy.

Often, chlamydine-myoplasma infection can provoke the liver damage, namely fetal hepatitis. The disease causes the development of tissue defects.

Chlamydine-myoplasma-type infection. Defeat CNS in a newborn

Often, a chlamydine-myoplasma-type infection can cause disorders from the first days of life in such children there is hypotrophy. This disease causes difficulties in diagnosing. This is not by chance, because the symptoms present are often adopted for the consequences of the hypockey of the fetus. To establish a diagnosis, it is necessary to study the samples of the cerebrospinal fluid.

Chlamydia-myoplasma infection. Gastroenteropathy in newborns

Gastroenteropathy is the rarest form of chlamydial infection in a newborn. She meets infrequently. Manifests in the form of intestinal syndrome and conjunctivitis. Such a disease can cause intestinal obstruction. With suspected Gastroenteropathy, the child needs a number of research. First of all, it is necessary to take the blood-based blood tests. In the future, it will be directed to PCR diagnostics.

In the presence of infection, the mother pregnancy proceeds difficult. Often, the possibility of spontaneous miscarriage can be diagnosed.

Mycoplasmosis in men

Mycoplasma infection in men is less common than women. The consequence of such a disease is infertility. There are also cases when infection affects the kidneys and causes inflammatory processes.

The development of infection in men can cause urethritis. Such a disease is characterized by inflammation ureyeing Canal. The first signs of urethritis are the separation of sex channels and pain or burning in urination. It is worth noting, it can meet not only in men, but also in women.

The cause of urethritis is a sex infection. Often in the morning the patient can observe the release of a green shade from the urethra. In men, the first signs of the disease are more noticeable than women. If you have noticed the first signs of urethritis, you must urgently contact a specialist. Often the patient has no symptoms. In this case, the disease can be diagnosed only if there are results of the tests.

Mycoplasma infection in cats

Not only in humans, but also in cats there is a mycoplasma infection. Symptoms of such a disease must be known to each owner of the animal. You can familiarize yourself with them in our article.

Mycoplasmosis is a disease that affects the entire organism of the animal. Most often he meets in females. The symptoms of mycoplasma infection in cats include sneezing, cough and discharge from the nose. The first signs are often confused with an ordinary cold. It is for this reason that, in the presence of the above symptoms, it is necessary to contact the veterinarian.

The treatment of mycoplasma infection in cats is carried out for a long time. In order to get rid of the disease in a short time, you need to contact a specialist as early as possible.

Let's sum up

Mycoplasma infection is found not only in people of all age categories, but also in animals. In the absence of proper treatment, patients may develop complications. As a rule, in the presence of a patient infection is isolated from healthy people. The incubation period depends on the severity of the disease in a particular patient. If there are first signs of the disease, it is necessary to urgently contact a specialist. Be healthy!