Allergy is considered to be a very common disease, which is a consequence of the increased sensitivity of the body to all sorts of factors.

The treatment of this pathology is a rather complicated medical problem, since it requires an integrated approach.

That is why choose effective medicine  allergies can only qualified doctor.

Key points in treatment

Regardless of the reason for the development of an allergic reaction, treatment should be comprehensive and include:

1. exclusion of contact with allergens;
2. restriction of foods that increase the risk of allergies - citrus, chocolate, milk, etc .;
3. elimination of excessive physical and mental stress;
4. limiting the impact of irritating factors on the body - hypothermia, overheating, etc.

In most cases, the following are allergens:

• medication;
• pollen of flowering plants;
• ultraviolet radiation;
• cold;
• house dust mites;
• mold fungi;
• animal hair;
• food products - nuts, citrus, milk, seafood;
• insect bites;
• cosmetics;
• household chemicals.

What is best for:

Manifestation on the skin

Such symptoms allergic reactions  are the result of pathological disorders in the human body, so not only local remedies, but antihistamines are used to eliminate them.

Today, to combat skin allergies, doctors usually prescribe second or third generation drugs.

It should be borne in mind that the means of the second generation have a toxic effect on the cardiovascular system, so they are contraindicated in many people.

At the same time, third-generation drugs that are based on octavegil do not cause drowsiness and do not lead to disturbances in the work of the heart.

The most effective remedy  for local application  are hormonal drugs. They are produced in the form of ointments or creams based on corticosteroid hormones.

Food Allergen Reactions

If an allergic reaction to a food product occurs, it is recommended to take a sorbent - white coal or enterosgel.

After that, calcium gluconate, which will cope with the swelling of mucous membranes, will help eliminate the manifestations of food allergies.

Subsequently, the doctor will decide on the use of antihistamine or hormonal drugs.

Ancillary tools can be cromones, which are used to stabilize membranes. mast cells.

To dust

Such an allergy manifests itself in the form of rhinitis, which is used to treat antihistamine drops  for the nose.

In severe cases, with the appearance of prerequisites for the development of asthma, inhalers may be required to eliminate bronchospasm.

Saltos or salbutamol are used for this purpose.

Allergy Medication List by Group

Since allergies are the result of serious disruptions in the body, its treatment must necessarily be complex.

Therefore, for the treatment of this pathology is used different groups medicines.

Antihistamine

The mechanism of action of such drugs is to block the receptors that respond to histamine - it is he who is the main mediator of allergic inflammation.

Currently, allergists usually prescribe third-generation antihistamines, which are highly effective, do not cause drowsiness and do not have a negative effect on the heart.

The most effective drugs in this group include:

Hormonal

Hormonal preparations based on corticosteroids are considered to be quite effective against allergies. They can have a systemic or local effect on the body.

Corticosteroids lead to a decrease in the production of inflammatory mediators and inhibit their release from mast cells and basophils.

For the treatment of allergic dermatitis use special ointments based on such hormones.

This group of medicines for allergies includes:

Cromones

This group of anti-allergy drugs is used to stabilize mast cell membranes.

Typically, these drugs do not have side effects, but they are not considered as effective as corticosteroids.

Therefore, cromones can be used for mild manifestations of allergy as an adjuvant therapy.

Homeopathic

Such drugs are usually prescribed to people with seasonal allergies. Also homeopathy is suitable for the treatment of cold forms of the disease.

However, it should be borne in mind that therapy with such drugs should last for a rather long time - 6-8 months.

In addition, you can not take homeopathic medicines at the initial stage during the exacerbation of allergies.

The choice of specific means is carried out depending on the form of the disease.

There are quite a few homeopathic medicines:

Forms of release. Their pros and cons

Currently, there are many options for the treatment of allergies - the choice of a specific form of the drug depends on the type and severity of the disease.

Pills

The best way to eliminate the symptoms of allergy is to use antihistamines in the form of tablets.

They are convenient to carry with them, but because a person can independently assist themselves at the first signs of the disease.

Although these tools are quite effective, the treatment of allergies with the help of tablets has many disadvantages:

• drowsiness;
• constipation;
• dryness in the mouth;
• visual impairment.

  The exception is the third generation of drugs - cetirizine, desloratadine.

Such drugs are usually used for allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis, skin itching.

Drops

Conjunctivitis and rhinitis of allergic origin require the use of special drops.

The principle of their operation is based on the narrowing of blood vessels, which allows to cope with nasal congestion, to remove puffiness and hyperemia of the eyes.

Eye drops include drugs such as:

• opatonol;
• lekroin;
• azelastine.

Nasal remedies may have a vasoconstrictor and antihistamine effect.

Through the use of such drugs can:

• eliminate mucous discharge from the nose;
• restore nasal breathing;
• cope with itching and sneezing.

You can use tools such as sanorin-analergin, vibrocil. Zyrtec drops are applied simultaneously to the eyes and nose.

The disadvantage of some drugs is their ability to enhance irritation of the mucous layer - this, in particular, refers to such drops as kromosol and kromoglin.

The sprays

Allergy nasal sprays are used to improve the condition of the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity.

At the same time, they are prohibited for use in case of problems with heart rhythm or pressure drop.

The advantage of such drugs is that they have a local effect and do not enter the general circulation. Due to this, the number of side effects.

Popular Allergy Sprays:

• tetrizoline;
• naphazoline;
• xylometazoline.

To block histamine used such tools as:

1. astemizole;
2. loratadine;
3. cetirizine.

If such agents do not give the desired results, the doctor may prescribe glucocorticoid sprays:

Ointments and creams

In the form of ointments, creams, gels or pastes produce drugs that have an antihistamine effect.

Their use allows you to eliminate the external signs of allergy - swelling, itching, rash, peeling of the skin.

Insoluble substances are present in other types of external preparations. Creams are used for moist and irritated skin, while emulsions are indicated for more significant disorders.

At the same time, all ointments and creams are divided into hormonal and non-hormonal.

Their main disadvantage is a large number of side effects - in particular, inhibition of the adrenal cortex.

Non-hormonal drugs - bepanten, fenistil, radevit - have no contraindications and are widely used for the treatment of allergies.

Injections

Similar procedures are applied if allergies develop instantly - this may be angioedema or anaphylactic shock.

Thanks to the intravenous or intramuscular use of drugs, it is possible to eliminate the symptoms of allergies.

In severe cases, injections are the only way to save the patient's life.

Inhalation

This type of allergy medication is used to treat asthma. Usually inhalers contain hormones, sympathomimetics, cholinergic receptor blockers.

These include:

Why is the doctor better to choose treatment drugs?

In order for an allergy treatment to be effective, it is very important to make the correct diagnosis and identify the allergen. This can only be done by an experienced doctor.

Independent use of antihistamines and other drugs for the treatment of allergies can lead to the development of dangerous complications, because many of them cause depression of the central nervous system and problems in the work of the heart.

In addition, without adequate therapy, the list of allergens can significantly expand.

As a result, it will be necessary to use stronger drugs that have many side effects.

Therefore, only a doctor should choose an allergy medicine that does not cause drowsiness.

Expensive or cheap, is there any difference

Cheap counterparts to allergy drugs usually have more side effects and do not always cope with the symptoms of the disease.

Most of them provoke drowsiness and disturbances in the work of the cardiovascular system.

Analogs are different from expensive preparations according to the degree of purification, because their use causes negative health effects.

More sophisticated products cost a little more, but they don’t have that much. side effects.

Also, expensive drugs usually make it more convenient to use, they have a long duration.

In addition, these funds should be taken less frequently, which is also very convenient for the patient.

Indications

The main indications for the use of drugs for allergies include the following states:

1. allergic rhinitis;
2. allergic conjunctivitis;
3. chronic urticaria;
4. allergic contact dermatitis;
5. atopic dermatitis.

Contraindications

Antihistamines of the first and second generation are contraindicated for people with disorders of the heart and problems of the central nervous system.

The means of the third generation have significantly fewer contraindications.

They, like all other drugs, should not be taken with hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.

In addition, most drugs are contraindicated during pregnancy.

Application features

During pregnancy

The development of an allergic reaction during pregnancy is accompanied by a reaction of the fetus, which manifests itself in the form of increased production of hydrocortisone, which reduces the manifestations of the inflammatory process.

Almost all allergy medications are contraindicated in the period of childbearing, because they adversely affect the development of the fetus.

The exception is tavegil, which is allowed in the second half of pregnancy.

With the development of severe allergies or anaphylactic shock  apply injections of hormonal drugs, but this can be done only in the presence of strict indications.

In children

Children's body has certain features that are associated with insufficient development of the liver.

That is why not all medications  can be used to treat children.

In this case, usually use local agents and antihistamines.

Hormonal drugs for internal use are not recommended, as they can change the work of the adrenal glands.

As a rule, prescribe drugs such as:

• erius;
• zyrtec;
• astemizole;
• terfenadine.

In children under one year, allergies are usually manifested as a reaction to food, which is accompanied by skin rashes.

Usually, local hormones are used for treatment and exclude contact with the allergen.

Video: Appointment of drugs for children

Do all antihistamines cause drowsiness

Not all antihistamines have a pronounced sedative effect.

Only first-generation drugs, which are currently used quite rarely, lead to the disruption of the central nervous system.

Antihistamines of the new generation eliminate allergy symptoms without affecting the brain.

What to do when there is a reaction to the drug itself

If you experience allergy symptoms on the drug, you need to cancel its reception and immediately consult a doctor.

The specialist will prescribe a survey, the results of which will select an effective treatment.

Often, allergies to drugs appear in people who have a tendency to food reactions. In such cases, doctors advise you to adhere to a hypoallergenic diet.

As a rule, after the abolition of the drug that provoked allergies, all symptoms disappear. In this case, the doctor prescribes a safer medication.

First Aid Products

For fast-acting drugs for allergies include hormonal drugs, whose main task is to eliminate the inflammatory process.

This group of medications may be prescribed as local or systemic agents.

These drugs include:

1. klenil;
2. sinaflan;
3. flicsonase, etc.

With the development of anaphylactic shock, a person should be provided with emergency care.

A solution of epinephrine hydrochloride 0.1% in an amount of 0.3-1 ml is injected subcutaneously at the site of the introduction of the allergen or insect bite.

The same drug should be administered intravenously to increase blood pressure. Dexamethasone, prednisolone or hydrocortisone is injected into the vein. If this is not possible, use the intramuscular method.

Allergy preparations are also injected under the skin - promethazine, chloropyramine, diphenhydramine solution.

When asphyxiation prescribed intravenous administration of a solution of aminophylline, as well as inhaled bronchodilators.

Isoprenaline solution may also be injected under the skin.

With the development of acute heart failure, intravenous administration of a solution of Korglikon is shown.

Treatment of allergies must necessarily be comprehensive and based on the results of diagnosis. If symptoms of this disease appear, you should immediately consult a doctor who will select effective drugs.

Allergy is the body's response to external irritants, such as household chemicals, pollen, drugs, household dust, and many others. Itching, runny nose, sneezing, tearing, and various skin rashes are all signs of allergies.

In today's world, allergy pills are most popular with people who suffer from such a problem. They are unable to remove allergic reactions on their own, but can prevent their development.

In order not to harm yourself, it should be remembered that if the pathogen is still ingested, even the largest doses of medication will not help to stop this process and everything will be ineffective.

Allergy Pills: List and Prices

When choosing drugs, we ask ourselves the question: “Which allergy pills are better on the skin?” To answer this question, you need to make sure that the main allergen is removed before taking any allergy medicine. If this does not happen, any drugs will not give the desired result even if the dose is increased.

List of the most effective antiallergic pills:

• Cetirizine;
• Lordaestin;
• Erius;
• Zyrtec;
• Loratadine;
• Fencarol;
• Telfast;
• Tavegil;
• Diazolin;
• Zodak;
• Ketotifen;
• Kestin.

Thanks to a wide range of pills against allergies, you can choose any drug that suits you. The average price of such drugs is from 200 to 600 rubles. A variety of drugs allows you to purchase a cheap analogue, and the best of the last generation.

1st generation antihistamines

Today, drugs of this group are practically not prescribed by doctors, but we still suggest studying the list:

1. Suprastin, Chloropyramine  - the safest of 1 group. Price 128.00 rub.
2. Tavegil - allergic reactions occur to its ingredients. Price 159.00 rub.
3. Diphenhydramine - affects the central nervous system. Price 75.00 rub.
4. Diazolin - irritates the shell of the gastrointestinal tract. Price 69.00 rub.
5. Peritol - increases appetite.
6. Pipolfen - reduces intestinal motility.
7. Diprazil - affects the activity of the nervous system.
8. Fenkarol - low drug efficacy. Price 376.00 rub.

These drugs are currently used much less frequently than drugs of the 2nd and 3rd generation, because they have a number of side effects:

• dry mouth.
• excitation.
• constipation.
• tachycardia.
• reduced visual acuity.
• depression of the central nervous system: drowsiness, inhibition of the reaction, decreased concentration of attention.

Suprastin and chloropamine is the only one of the 1st generation drugs that continues to be popular because it does not cause strong cardiotoxic effects. However, we do not recommend their use, as there are more effective drugs.

Antihistamines 2 generations

The second generation of drugs with antihistamine effect was developed relatively recently. A significant advantage of these drugs is the absence of a negative effect on the central nervous system, that is, they do not cause drowsiness and inhibition.

The most popular second generation drugs are

1.   - A popular drug that even older people and for children from a year. It acts quickly and for a long time, does not affect the work of the heart and has no sedative effect. Price 174.00 rub.
2. Semprex is a medicine that combines high antihistamine and minimal sedative effect.
3. Trexil is the first anti-allergy drug of the second generation. It acts effectively, but it depresses the work of the CAS. Price 97.45 rub.
4. Phenistil - allergy pills that do not cause drowsiness and sedation. Price 319.00 rub.
5. Hisalong - effective drug  in the fight against chronic allergies, as it has an antihistamine effect for up to three weeks.

When used in the treatment of children, Claritin is often prescribed, this medicine is approved for use in the treatment of diseases in infants and has the smallest group of possible side effects.

3rd generation antihistamines

For effective fight  with allergies were developed best drugs  third generation. They are the most progressive and perfect and help a lot. For such funds is not characterized by the effect on the work of the heart, as well as a negative impact on the central nervous system of man. They are essentially active metabolites of second-generation drugs.

List and prices:

1. Telfast is a metabolite of terfenadine, also does not interact with other drugs, is not metabolized in the body, does not cause drowsiness and does not violate psychomotor functions. It is considered safe and effective among antihistamines. These allergy pills should not be taken by children under 6 years old. Price 570.00 rub.
2. Fexofenadine is an analogue of the previous drug. It also does not affect the brain and nervous system, does not interact with drugs and alcohol and is an effective and safe means. Price 281.79 rub.
3. Cetirizine is effective for skin irritations. It is not metabolized in the body and quickly penetrates the skin, so well eliminates dermatitis. Can be used in children after 2 years. Price 105.00 rub.
4. Zyrtec - has almost no side effects, acts throughout the day (the effect occurs after about 1-2 hours). Since the substances are excreted by the kidneys, in case of renal failure and other problems, the drug should be used carefully and under the supervision of a specialist. Price 199.00 rub.
5.   - its use is possible in the treatment of both adults and young patients of the allergist, starting from the age of two. It is considered the safest and most effective way to relieve allergy symptoms. The drug does not inhibit the functioning of the central nervous system and almost does not cause sedation. Price 164.00 rub.

Only a specialist can select and write tablets against skin allergies. It should take into account existing diseases, as well as the manifestations and severity of allergies.

Last Generation Allergy Tablets: List

There are not many such drugs, however, the result of their use speaks for itself:

1. Erius helps to block peripheral histamine receptors, resulting in inhibition of a whole cascade of negative reactions of the body.
2. Zyrtec prevents the development, and significantly facilitates the course of an allergic reaction. In addition, the drug is excellent against itching.
3. Telfast can be used for a long time without any harm to health. The effect of the drug begins one hour after administration and reaches a maximum in about six hours.

Despite such positive qualities, the last generation anti-allergic tablets should be prescribed by a specialist. This will allow more efficient treatment and not spend extra money on the purchase of unnecessary expensive drugs.

Glucocorticoids

May be administered topically and systemically with very severe forms of allergy. Locally - in the form of ointments and gels, systemically - in the form of injections and tablets.

Intake of glucocorticoids saves in most cases from allergies, because in essence they are hormones of a steroid nature, produced by the adrenal cortex and have a powerful anti-inflammatory and antiallergic effect.

By hormonal means include:

1. Dexamethasone;
2. Beclamethasone.

Regardless of the drug that the patient uses, you need to do this with extreme caution and in no case independently prescribe this or that medication for yourself. In the case of antihistamines, you can still guess, but self-administration of hormones in most cases ends detrimental to health.

Allergy Treatment Program

In the treatment of any allergic reaction on the skin, you need to adhere to a specific program of therapeutic measures:

1. Partial or absolute elimination of the entry of the causative agent of an allergic reaction in any possible way.
2. Limiting the effect of irritating factors (overheating, overcooling, drying out and over-wetting the skin).
3. Refusal of those foods that can increase the risk of developing allergies. These include sugary foods, citrus fruits, dairy products, chocolate and coffee;
4. Elimination of excessive physical and mental overstrain.

It is advisable to use pills against allergies only when the impact of these factors is minimized - if this rule is not followed, it is necessary to constantly increase the dose of drugs, but the expected effect will not be obtained.

Allergies to the skin in adults are accompanied by redness, swelling and rash. It not only spoils the look. skin integument, still causes a lot of trouble in the form of: itching, peeling and pain.

Most people try to find pills for allergies on the skin (in adults), by which symptoms of an allergic nature are eliminated.

Causes of Allergy

Allergy is a hypersensitive reaction of the body to foreign allergens, which is expressed by various symptoms. One of them is considered - the occurrence of changes on the skin as a urticaria, rash or red spots.

Itching is one of the first symptoms of skin allergies.

People suffer from allergic dermatoses for several millennia, but over the years the number of patients grows. This is due to environmental degradation, constant contact of people with household chemicals, with frequent medication and vitamins, food additives and genetically modified foods.

The risk group includes people of different professions:

• doctors;
• hairdressers;
• builders;
• chemists;
• food industry workers.

Increasingly begin to progress such manifestations skin allergies, as:

• hives,
• eczema,
• diffuse atopic dermatitis;
• contact dermatitis.

Treatment of skin allergies with antihistamines

In order to recover from allergies and feel comfortable, the attending physician prescribes medications. Quickly get rid of this disease does not work. At first, it is only possible to reduce the body’s response to a stimulus.

Note!  It is revealed that when an allergen is exposed to the body, a substance is produced - histamine, which is the cause of the disease.

Get rid of skin allergies in adults will help antihistamine tablets

Since they block the production of histamine, protecting it from allergies.

All drugs in this group have a therapeutic effect and remove:

• edema;
• redness;
• inflammation;
• the occurrence of aggravation.

Antihistamines are most often prescribed by doctors. Usually choose drugs that are least likely to cause drowsiness and various side effects - it Claritin, Zyrtec, Cetrin, Erius and others.

It is important to know!  Taking allergy pills on the skin (in adults), it is necessary to drink sorbents to speed up the cleansing of the body from histamines.

1st generation antihistamines, their characteristic

The very first appeared antihistamine drugs 1 generation. They have a number of common, largely similar qualities, which consist in a short-term effect. Therefore, you have to repeatedly take these medicines.

Consider the features of antihistamines 1 generation:

• Due to the fact that a high dose of antihistamines is prescribed, side effects occur in some patients. These drugs soothe the nervous system and are hypnotic.
• They can increase the effects of other medications, as well as stop vomiting, coughing caused by allergies.
• Strengthen the viscosity of body fluids. This is manifested in the form of dryness in the nasopharynx, peeling of the lips, difficulty urinating.
• Every 2-3 weeks you need to change drugs belonging to the 1st generation, as their effect on the allergen decreases.
• The advantages of antihistamine drugs 1 generation is that they can be taken simultaneously with food, and this does not affect their therapeutic effect, they do not cause addiction, sedation does not last long, after a short time they begin their effect.
• These drugs are low cost, so they are widely used. They are part of the individual combined drugs.

With skin allergies best medicine  are considered:

• Suprastin is one of the popular drugs, but its action stops quickly, so it is best to take it with insect bites, as well as with eczema, atopic dermatitis, pruritus, and urticaria.
• Diphenhydramine - proven over the years means well cleans the skin from allergic rashes, causes drowsiness.
• Diazolin - a little weaker than Dimedrol, but in critical situations provides the necessary assistance during an attack.

• Fenistil - this drug has a mild sedative effect, perfectly removes redness and itching on the skin.
• Tavegil is considered an effective and, most importantly, fast-acting tool.

Features of modern antihistamine drugs

More recently, antihistamines of the 2nd generation have appeared. They differ from previous ones in that they do not cause slight dizziness and drowsiness.

It is enough to take the prescribed dose 1 time per day.

After the drugs are canceled, they will continue their action throughout the week.

For dermatoses on the skin in adults, antihistamine tablets of the 2nd generation are prescribed for allergies.

It can be:

• Acrivastine - is a highly effective drug, which is prescribed for different types of urticaria, allergic dermatoses, itchy atopic eczema.
• Astemizol is rapidly absorbed, the therapeutic effect lasts for a day, sometimes even more, it removes everything well skin types  allergies.
• Claritin is one of the most popular and purchased drugs. He has many positive qualities. One of them is that it does not interact with other medicines.

A little later, drugs appeared 3 generations. These are products of metabolism, drugs of the 2nd generation. Antihistamines 3 generations called - prodrugs. When ingested, they produce a therapeutic effect, turning into an active form. They have much less side effects and greater therapeutic significance.

The most famous are 2 drugs.

• Zyrtec - very actively used for skin dermatoses. It penetrates the skin in a short time and removes all types of allergies.

• Telfast - it is considered a safer remedy, as it has few side effects. Well removes idiopathic urticaria. This is one of the promising drugs.

The positive properties of these drugs are that they do not cause drowsiness and negative effects on the heart.

New generation antihistamines, their benefits

Antihistamines of the 4th generation have achieved maximum improvement. They quickly, but also for a long time, can relieve all the symptoms of allergies.

4th generation antihistamines do not harm the heart

They were brought out quite recently, therefore only a few species are known, each preparation is unique in its own way.

Antihistamine pills for skin allergies in adults, belonging to the 4th generation:

• Erius - most often prescribed for chronic forms of the urticaria.

• Telfast - is the most famous and popular drug, with global significance, it removes all types of allergies.

Corticosteroids for the treatment of allergies

The adrenal cortex produces hormones called corticosteroids. They play an important role in the life of the body, keeping under control the state of the immune system.

When it is impossible to get rid of allergies with antihistamines, prescribe corticosteroid preparations obtained by synthetic means. They are divided into 2 conditional groups - these are glucocorticoids, that is, cortisone or hydrocortisone, and also mineralocorticoids, are represented by aldosterone.

From allergies to the skin in adults to the most prescribed pills include:

• Prednisolone - powerful tool  for relieving and treating allergy symptoms on the skin.
• Celestone is a widely used remedy for allergic eczema, contact dermatitis and other types.

• Kenacort - is effective in almost all types of allergies, is indicated for urticaria, various allergic rashes.
• Berlicort - is used to relieve allergies in the form of urticaria, chronic dermatitis.

Immunomodulators for skin allergies

Most often, allergic reactions occur in people with weak immunity.

Important to remember!  Anyone who has manifestations of allergy on the skin, it is necessary not only to take antihistamines, but also to improve immunity with the help of immunomodulators.

Therefore, they are additionally added to the general therapy with allergies. Especially those with whom it has become chronic. Thanks to them, they manage to protect patients from severe complications. Immunomodulators are taken during the acute period and beyond the manifestations in order to strengthen the immune system, and the allergic reaction does not recur.

By immunomodulators include:

• Viferon;
• Derinat;
• Timolin;
• Immunofan.

Enterosorbent tablets for the treatment of allergies

To clean the body of the toxic effects of the allergen, enterosorbents are appointed. They are used in all types of allergies, as well as dermatoses: atopic and allergic.

They find the same toxins in the intestines, bind them together and take them out through the organs of the excretory system. Allergy pills are assigned sorbents that help reduce the symptoms on the skin in adults.

Among the most prescribed for allergies are the following drugs:

• Activated carbon - is prescribed several tablets per reception depending on weight, 3 times a day, with a duration of 7 days.
• White coal - recommended for adults in the same way as activated carbon.
• Laktofiltrum is an effective sorbent, which is used for 1 reception from 2 to 3 tablets, three times a day.

And so, the pharmaceutical industry has released a large variety of means to relieve allergy symptoms on the skin in the form of tablets, but only a doctor can choose the right medicine to get rid of this ailment.

Symptoms and treatment of urticaria - one of the manifestations of allergies on the skin. Details in the useful video:

Another look at allergies and its treatment methods. Watch an interesting video:

A little about the tablets "Erius": instructions for use. Watch the video review:

There are many ways to treat allergies: from folk remedies  to complex and long therapy. However, not all of them are effective. In practice, most of those who suffer from allergies prefer to use antihistamines. These remedies do not cure allergies, but they allow to relieve its symptoms by controlling the course of the disease. It is not so easy to choose a suitable antihistamine: allergic reactions are almost always individual, and what helps in one case may turn out to be completely ineffective in the other.

In addition, some antihistamines have unpleasant side effects. So, first-generation allergy medications cause drowsiness, they are not recommended for those who are going to, for example, get behind the wheel. Other means do not affect the performance, but can be harmful to the heart. In short, the choice of antihistamine drugs should be as careful as possible.

Antihistamines: a review of the means for the declared characteristics

Currently, pharmacies have the third generation of allergy products. The first generation of drugs  produced a pronounced sedative effect: these drugs did not so much remove the allergic reaction, but dull it, at the same time causing drowsiness, lethargy, apathy.

Second generation drugs  did not give such an effect, and the principle of action was based on a selective effect on H1-receptors. Their main disadvantage is the negative effect on the heart.

Third most modern generation  antihistamines, devoid of the disadvantages characteristic of the first and second generation. The effect of their reception comes quickly and persists for a long time.

If we talk about specific drugs, we have reviewed some of them.

The active substance - ebastine, belongs to the third generation. The drug acts within 48 hours, the effect occurs within an hour, the effectiveness is estimated as high. Kestine very well helps with allergies to pollen and the smell of plants - even asthmatics note a significant improvement in well-being. In addition, the drug is prescribed for allergic skin reactions, as well as for acute allergies up to angioedema. Kestine is available in tablets and syrup form. Syrup form is designed for children.

For Kestine, there are a number of restrictions: the tool can not be taken to children under 12 years of age, pregnant and lactating women, use is not recommended for liver disorders. The drug has no sedative effect, combined with alcohol, does not stimulate weight gain.

The drug of the third generation, the active substance - loratadin. The action lasts for a day, the effect occurs half an hour after ingestion. High efficiency means combined with safety. It can be taken by pregnant women, children over two years old, the elderly. The only contraindication is breastfeeding. Claritine does not give a sedative effect, does not stimulate weight gain, does not enhance the effect of alcohol.

Claritine is available in tablets, it is quite an expensive drug, but its effectiveness justifies the high cost. The tool successfully fights with the majority of allergic reactions, quickly and completely relieving symptoms. Claritine is most effective in relieving respiratory symptoms (runny nose, sneezing, coughing). However, it does not give a sedative effect, does not dry the mucous membranes and does not provoke the development of infections in cases where allergy is combined with acute respiratory infections or ARVI.

The main active ingredient is fexofenadine, the drug belongs to the third generation. Its effectiveness is high, the effect persists throughout the day, the effect of the intake comes after an hour. Like Claritine, Telfast has no side effects at all. However, the drug is not recommended for children under 12 years of age, as well as for lactating women. Use during pregnancy is possible for the elderly, as well as those who suffer from renal failure, it is recommended to reduce the dose.

Telfast is available in tablets. The drug is especially effective at seasonal allergies, it can be drunk courses. Also Telfast well removes allergic reactions to dust, pet hair, odors, etc. Telfast also helps with allergic skin reactions, but it is more effective in relieving respiratory symptoms.

The means of the third generation, the main active ingredient is cetirizine. The duration of action - the day, the effect occurs within 1 hour after administration.

Zyrtec is available in drops, which ensures a quick onset of effect after ingestion. The drug copes well with almost all types of allergies, both with seasonal allergies, and with acute reactions. Zyrtec suppresses both respiratory symptoms and allergic manifestations on the skin. The drug can be used in courses.

Zyrtec is prescribed to children older than two years, the drug is not recommended for pregnant and lactating women. In renal insufficiency, a dosage reduction is recommended. The drug can give a sedative effect, however, such reactions occur rarely. In addition, it is poorly combined with alcohol, enhancing its effect.

Hismanal

Belongs to the number of third-generation drugs, the active ingredient is astemizol. The drug acts within 24 hours, the effect appears 1 hour after administration.

Hismanal is available in tablets and suspensions, the effect after taking the suspension comes a little faster. Hismanal is highly effective, it is a fairly strong drug that copes well with all types of allergic reactions. Often the tool is prescribed for course taking - for example, with seasonal allergies. When acute allergies  Hismanal also helps well - the drug quickly removes even strong symptoms  allergies.

The tool is prescribed to children older than 1 year, it is possible to use for pregnant women. Hismanal is contraindicated in lactating women, as well as those who suffer from renal failure. Among the side effects - with constant use can stimulate weight gain. Those who have heart problems take the drug with caution - it has a weak cardiotoxic effect.

Tablets used for allergic rhinitis, as well as skin allergic reactions. The effect after taking occurs within 1-1.5 hours and lasts for a day. Well helps with hives, irritations and allergic inflammations and skin rashes. Also helps to cope with allergies to pet hair, plant pollen, and various odors. When food allergies are not as effective.

The drug can be taken in children older than six years, not recommended for pregnant and lactating women. It acts during the day, does not affect the effect of alcohol intake, although the joint use of alcohol and cetrin is not recommended. For those who have renal failure, it is recommended to reduce the normal dosage by half.

"Vertex"

"Vertex" - relatively inexpensive and at the same time quite effective pills. The effect after taking it comes very quickly - in some cases, literally within a few minutes. The action lasts for 12-24 hours. "Vertex" is taken mainly in acute allergic reactions, as well as in situations where a person briefly contacts an allergen - for example, is in a house where there is a cat or a dog with allergies to animals. "Vertex" well removes both respiratory symptoms (runny nose, sneezing, cough), and skin reactions (itching, irritation, rashes).

"Vertex" can be taken by children over 2 years. The tool is not recommended for pregnant women, as well as women during lactation. With renal and hepatic impairment is used with caution, possibly reducing the dosage. Side effects are rare and can be a sedative, as well as cardiotoxic effects.

"Hydrocortisone"

Local remedy for allergies, ointment, well helps with rashes, skin irritations. "Hydrocortisone" is a hormonal agent, is used not only in the fight against allergies, but in many other cases. Ointment well removes irritation, itching, swelling, but it should be used with caution, and especially in those areas where the skin is thin. With frequent use, “Hydrocortisone” thinns it even more, resulting in wrinkles, veins, etc. In general, “Hydrocortisone” is not systematic, but rather emergency help  at any allergic symptoms  on the skin.

Not recommended for pregnant and lactating women, the drug is not used for children under two years of age. Contraindications are viral, fungal, bacterial skin diseases, dermatitis, tumors, ulcers of the skin.

Psilo-Balsam

Gel for topical use, relieves allergic skin reactions. In its composition - H1-blocker, which inhibits the activity of histamine receptors. "Psilo-balm" is used for acute allergic reactions, it quickly removes them, at the same time cooling the skin. In addition, often the tool is used after insect bites - it helps to remove itching and inflammation. Often, "Psilo-Balsam" is used for children - to relieve itching after mosquito bites.

It is recommended to apply a thin layer on the affected skin. If the drug is applied to large areas of the skin, an overdose is possible and, consequently, the appearance of side effects: dry mouth, difficulty breathing, drowsiness. The drug has virtually no restrictions in use, but it is not recommended for lactating women, and it should be used with caution during pregnancy. In addition, Psilo-Balsam can give drowsiness and increase the effect of alcohol.

Zodak

Antihistamine drug in drops, used for children over 1 year old, as well as for adults. Not recommended for use by pregnant and lactating women. The drug is well tolerated, in very rare cases, a sedative effect occurs.

The active ingredient is cetirizine, the drug belongs to the third generation of allergy drugs. "Zodak" acts quickly, within half an hour after ingestion - due to the release form (drops have a faster effect in comparison with tablets). Allergy after taking Zodak does not appear for a day or more.

The drug is quite strong, it is prescribed not only for "standard" allergic reactions (runny nose, itching, irritation and rash on the skin, etc.). It also helps in severe cases - including acute reactions up to angioedema.

We draw your attention to the fact that the choice of a particular drug should be carried out with the help of a doctor.

Allergy - Individual hypersensitivity  organism to various substances, that is, inadequate protective reaction of the body to foreign agents.

In recent years, the population has begun to suffer from what would seem natural to any person; temperature fluctuations should not cause a negative reaction of the body.

The cause of allergic manifestations is a failure in immune systemtherefore, it is especially sad when an allergy begins in a child, and in order to soothe skin rashes, to stop an allergic cough, children and adults have to take a lot of allergy pills.

Treatment of allergies is a rather complicated problem from a medical point of view, since such a defense mechanism is associated with profound changes, the cause of which has not yet been established, therefore, most often, doctors prescribe only symptomatic treatment that reduces its manifestations:

First of all, it is necessary to determine the allergen, the substance that provokes the reaction, most often it is:

• pollen of flowering plants () - ambrosia, quinoa, most flowering trees, dandelions ...
• drugs
• allergic to the sun, allergic to cold
•   , more precisely, ticks that are in it
• mold fungi
• wool of many animals - cats, dogs, rabbits, chinchillas
• insect bites - mosquitoes, wasps, bees
• food - most often in children it is cow's milk, citrus fruits, red fruits and vegetables, nuts, seafood, some cereals
• household chemicals, perfumes, cosmetics  - abundance of various chemicals in washing powdersin all cleaning and disinfecting products, cosmetics and perfumes, detergents  provoke allergies in children and adults.

Try to eliminate contact with the allergen, but it is not always possible, for example, if we are allergic to weed pollen, then a person needs only to take antihistamines that reduce itching, tearing, sneezing, allergic rhinitis, cough, bronchospasm, asphyxiation.

• Doctors also recommend specific immunotherapy, so that blocking antibodies are developed in the body.
• In severe cases of allergic reactions, corticosteroids are used, strong drugs that should be used only in extreme cases, when there are no other ways to relieve swelling or itching, rash.
• The use of sorbents, such as Enterosgel,), Polyphepanum, activated carbon, cleansing the body from allergens.
• Use of invasive blood purification methods, for example, Plasmapheresis.

What pills for allergies better - list

The occurrence of symptoms of allergies, inflammation of the nasopharynx, eyes, skin, or bronchi during allergic diseases  accompanied by a high production of histamine, so to remove the manifestations of allergies are often prescribed antihistamines. Today these medicines exist 3 generations. And if you are faced with the question of what tablets to drink for allergies? In this article, we will consider which allergy pills exist on the Russian pharmaceutical market, their positive and negative effects on the body.

The information presented in the article is for informational purposes only and is intended for reference only. The choice of antihistamine is carried out by the attending physician.

Metabolites - 3rd generation antihistamines

These are modern, effective, newest pills for eliminating allergy symptoms, cause sedation to a lesser extent (cetirizine - 14%, loratadine - 8%, levocabastine -3%), do not have cardiotoxic and sedative effects, do not have a negative effect on the CNS, therefore they can also be taken by children from 1–2 years old (in syrups), levocabastine - up to 3 years of age, Acrivastine - up to 12 years, and adults whose work requires concentration.

The occurrence of drowsiness from the use of this group of drugs is possible only in particularly sensitive people, and it is also observed in people with chronic fatigue and lack of sleep. This is not a reason to cancel the drug.

A positive feature of the 3rd generation allergy tablets is their ability to use with prolonged allergic manifestations:

• with chronic urticaria
• atopic dermatitis in children and atopic dermatitis in adults
• with year-round allergic rhinitis
• seasonal allergic conjunctivitis
• with allergic contact dermatitis

The 3rd generation antihistamine preparations include: cetirizine, loratadi, acrivastine, ebastine, terfenadine, levocabasti, fexofenadine, astemizole, acelastine.

Cetirizine and loratadine (oral administration) are considered to be the most preferred allergy remedies, while Acarastin is the topical treatment for allergic manifestations ( eye drops  and nasal spray).

• These funds are less likely to cause drowsiness, do not affect the physical and mental activity of a person, the intake of these antihistamines does not depend on food intake, the effect is achieved quite quickly and has a prolonged effect (up to 48 hours). Even with prolonged use does not decrease the antihistamine activity of the drug.
• When taking Terfenadine and Astemizol, a serious cardiotoxic effect is possible, which increases with simultaneous use with grapefruit juice, with antibiotics (macrolides - Sumamed, erythromycin, clarithromycin), antimycotic drugs (intracanosol and ketocanol) and people with the body and face of the body and face of the body and face of the body or face of the body and face of the body and face of the body and face of the body and face of the body and face of the body and face of the body and face of the body and face of the body and face of the body and face of the body and face of the body and face of the body and face of the body and face of the body and face of the body and face of the body and face of the body and face of the body and face of the body and face of the body lines of the body or face of the body lines of the body or face of the body lines of the body or face of the body lines of the body or face of the body lines and the body lines of the body or face of people to be treated Therefore, it is better to prescribe loratadine and cetirizine from older 3-year-olds or people with diseases of the cardiovascular system.
• Accelastine (allergodil) is a drug for local treatment, has a symptomatic effect after 20 minutes, does not have serious side effects, improves mucociliary clearance.

This is a highly effective antihistamine of the last generation, which is practically not metabolized in the body, penetrates the skin well, and therefore is effective with skin rashes. Prolonged use of cetirizine in children with early atopic syndrome reduces the risk of future progression of atopic conditions. After taking it after 2 hours there is a lasting effect, prolonged action, it is enough to take 1 tablet per day, perhaps every other day or 2 times a week. Sedation is minimal, but it should be carefully prescribed to people with impaired renal function. This allergy medicine for children can be used if the child is more than 2 years old and only in the form of a syrup or suspension, especially it is convenient for use in young children if the inhalation route of administration is difficult.
	Release form
	tablets of 20 pieces and 30 pcs. syrup for children over 2 years old	tab. 150 rub. syrup 120 rub.
Zyrtec	7 tablets, drops for oral administration	tablets 220 rubles. drops 330 rub.
Zodak	tablets of 10 pieces, 30 pieces, drops for intake, syrup	tab. 120 rub. drops 200 rub.
Letizen	tablets 10 pcs.	90 rub.
Parlazin	tablets 10 pcs. 30pcs, drops for ingestion	tab. 130 rub. drops 260 rub.
Cetirizine	tablets 10 pcs. 20 pcs.	tab. 60 -120 rub.
- a metabolite of terfenadine, also does not interact with other drugs, is not metabolized in the body, does not cause drowsiness and does not violate psychomotor functions. It is considered safe and effective among antihistamines. These allergy pills should not be taken by children under 6 years old.
Telfast	tab. 10 pieces.	420-480 rubles
Fexofast	tab. 10 pieces.	190-200 rub.
Fexadine	tab. 10 pieces.	160 rub.

This is the most popular antihistamine of the 3rd generation, is indicated for all age groupsdue to its proven safety is available without a prescription. Its effectiveness is higher than in the funds of the 1st generation, but less than that of the metabolites. Sedation is minimal, does not affect the heart and psychomotor activity, is very well tolerated and does not interact with other drugs. Loratadine is a medicine that can be taken by children after 1 year in syrup. The following is a list of pills for the allergies of loratadine and desloratadine. Among these drugs, Erius is considered to be the most powerful antihistamine drug, it is contraindicated in pregnancy, but in mono syrup to take children older than 1 year.
Name of drugs analogues	Release form	Average price in pharmacies (summer 2013)
Loratadine	10 tablets	15-20 rubles
10 tablets, syrup	tab. 60 rub. syrup 30 rub.
Lomilan	10 tablets, suspension	tab. 130 rub. suspension 100 rub.
Loragexal	10 tablets	50 rub.
Klarotadin	10 tab. and syrup	tab. 110 rub. syrup 130 rub.
Claritin	10 tab. and syrup	tab. 220 rub. syrup 250 rub.
Desloratadine Teva	10 tab.	360 rub.
Erius	10 tab. syrup 60 and 120 ml.	tab. 500 -560 rubles. syrup 450-700 rub.
Lordaestin	10 tab.	210 rub.
Desal	10 tab.	160 rub.
it is close to antihistamines of the 1st generation, but more active and long-lasting, has a slight sedative effect, can be used both inside and as an external agent for allergic reactions on the skin.
Fenistil gel	gel 30-50 gr.	290 350 rubles.
Fenistil drops	oral drops	320 rub.
Phenystyle emulsion	emulsion	280 - 350 rubles
Akrivastin (Sempreks), Astemizol (Gistalong), Terfenadin (Treksil) due to their cardiotoxic action, short-term effect, due to dangerous side effects, and as a result, not popular, today these drugs have practically ceased to be used in practice.

Allergy preparations are selected depending on the age, nature of allergic reactions, the presence of concomitant chronic diseases:

Comparative characteristics of modern drugs for allergies

1st generation antihistamines

These drugs today are also used much less frequently than drugs of the 2nd and 3rd generation, because:

• They have a pronounced hypnotic, sedative effect.
• Reduce muscle tone
• In all antihistamines of the 1st generation, the action comes quickly, but the therapeutic effect lasts no more than 5 hours, except Tavegil - 8 hours, which is a significant disadvantage in comparison with the prolonged effect of the 3rd generation drugs.
• Sometimes patients experience psychomotor agitation, especially in children, and overdose or prolonged use in adults.
• Because of the hypnotic action, they cannot be taken when performing various actions, activities that require concentration - drivers, when working with various mechanisms, during training.
• These allergy drugs increase the effect of alcohol, analgesics, sleeping pills.
• They also have tachyphylaxis, that is, with prolonged use, their effect is reduced, so every generation should be replaced with medicines from allergies 1 generation to others.
• In some countries, many of these drugs are discontinued and banned for sale due to the mass of side effects, such as tachycardia, urinary retention, reduced vision, and constipation.

• Suprastin, Chloropyramine is the only one of the 1st generation drugs that continues to be popular because it does not cause strong cardiotoxic effects. It does not accumulate in the blood and can be used for a long time, especially if you are allergic to the skin, urticaria, pruritus,. The disadvantage is the short-term effect of the application and sedation.
• Tavegil is used now, but much less often than before. It is considered a highly effective antihistamine drug, has a similar effect as diphenhydramine, but recently there have been cases of allergies to Tavegyl itself.
• Diphenhydramine - unpredictable on the effects of action on the central nervous system.
• Diazolin causes irritation of the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract, severe drowsiness, mental and motor retardation, dizziness, urinary retention, has a toxic effect on nerve cells.
• Peritol - causes an increased appetite, but it continues to be used in various forms.
• Pipolfen, Diprazin - used mainly as an antiemetic, also has a pronounced effect on the central nervous system.
• Fenkarol - it is distinguished from Dimedrol by its smaller sedative effect, however, its antihistamine efficacy is also lower than that of other drugs from 1st generation allergy. It is used in the event of addiction to other antihistamines.

Types of Allergy Medicines for Children

• Antihistamines

Above, we listed all allergy pills with antihistamine properties that are available in the arsenal of modern pharmacology. Among these products, children after 1 year old can take Lomilan, Claricens, Loratodin, Clarothin, Claritin. Children older than 2 years old Zodak, Cetrin, Zyrtec, Parlazin, only in syrups or drops.

• Mast Cell Membrane Stabilizers

children can only use ketotifen in syrup, Kromoglin, Kromoheksal - in the form of inhalation, nasal spray, and Intal can only be used after 2 years. These tools strengthen the mast cell membranes that provide immune protection. With the destruction of the membrane of these cells, histamine is released - the strongest mediator of inflammation in allergies. And these funds, stabilizing the cell membrane, do not allow histamine to start the process of an allergic reaction.

• Corticosteroids

These are quite dangerous means for the children's body, they cannot be used for any allergic manifestation, but only in extreme cases when nothing helps, and only for the purpose and control of the pediatrician. GCS is included in the standard treatment of bronchial asthma in children and less dangerous in inhalation and during pulse therapy. The effect of the use of hormonal eye drops, nasal sprays, creams, ointments and tablets is very fast, but long-term use has long-term effects. These remedies include prednisolone, beclomethasone, betamethasone, hydrocortisone, dexametozon, methylprednisolone, etc. - in detail in our article.