According to statistics, allergy pills are most in demand among consumers. These drugs eliminate the specific symptoms caused by allergies.

In the modern pharmacy market, antihistamines are presented in three different generations, in addition, they can be hormone-containing and homeopathic. Each group of drugs has its own characteristics, disadvantages and advantages, which allows them to be used in various cases.

How do allergy pills work?

Allergies are the response of the immune system to contact with irritants. As a result of the allergenic reaction, histamine, a mediator of allergy, becomes active. In fact, histamine is a biologically active substance that is found in most human tissues. Normally it is inactive and completely harmless. When transformed into an active state, histamine begins to negatively affect the state of the respiratory, muscular and nervous systems, as well as other tissues.

Against the background of histamine activity, the following pathological reactions in the body can be observed: active secretion of gastric juice in the digestive tract, lacrimation and abundant mucous discharge from the nose, vasodilation, followed by tissue swelling, muscle spasms, provoking respiratory disorders, pain in the heart, diarrhea, etc.

Allergy tablets contain components that block histamine receptors, as a result of which the allergy mediator ceases to have its negative effect.

Antiallergic drugs are classified into three generations - the first, second and third. There are also drugs from the latest generation of allergies. Consider all of these groups in more detail.

First generation

Allergy pills of this generation have recently been the only antihistamines. The disadvantage of these drugs is a fragile and reversible relationship with histamine receptors, as a result of which the drug must be consumed frequently and in overestimated dosages, which is fraught with undesirable systemic phenomena.

The first-generation drugs have a certain effect on certain parts of the brain and can cause the following list. side effects:

• dry mouth;
• drowsiness, lethargy, impaired attention due to CNS depression;
• excitability, hyperactivity;
• rapid pulse, arrhythmia;
• constipation;
• blurred vision.

The therapeutic effect of this generation of drugs is sufficient in a short time, but it will not last long. In addition, the likelihood of addiction to these drugs is high, as a result of which they quickly lose their effectiveness, and the body requires the appointment of stronger drugs.

Currently, first-generation allergy pills are practically not prescribed by specialists, but we suggest that you consider this list:

Name of the remedy	Act
Suprastin	The most safe and effective drug for allergies, which helps from itching, rashes on integuments, edema, etc. The active substance of the drug in the minimum amount into the bloodstream, so the risk of overdose and the development of side effects are insignificant. Causes drowsiness. Prices for Suprastin vary within 180 rubles.
Diphenhydramine	Effective against allergies, has analgesic and antitussive action, but has a lot of side effects. The cost is about 75 rubles.
	An effective and inexpensive drug that causes few side effects. But allergic reactions can occur on its components. The price is about 160 rubles.
Diazolin	In many ways, similar to Dimedrol, but does not provoke the development of drowsiness. Negatively affects the mucous digestive tract. The price is about 70 rubles.
Fancarol	The effectiveness of this drug is low. Price 380 rubles.

Second generation

The second generation antiallergic drugs contain components that are related to histamine receptors. What does this mean? These components can not affect other types of receptors, except histamine, and areas of the brain. They create a long therapeutic effect - up to 12 hours, and do not provoke the formation of addiction.

But second generation pills are not recommended childhood, elderly people and those who suffer from diseases of the heart and blood vessels, because these drugs adversely affect the functional activity of the heart muscle.

The table contains a list of second-generation allergy pills:

A drug	Features
Phenystyle	It has much in common with antihistamines of the previous generation, but it “works” for a longer time and has much less undesirable effects. The cost is about 350 rubles.
Claritin	A common and no less effective antiallergic drug, the safest in this group. It does not have a sedative effect and does not react with other drugs. The cost is about 180 rubles.
Semprex	The tool is quite effective, but it “works” for a very short time, requiring frequent use of the drug. The price is about 120 rubles.
	It is considered to be a pioneer in this group of antihistamines, effective in relation to allergies, but negatively affects the functioning of the cardiac system. The price is about 100 rubles.

Third generation

Preparations of the third generation are developed quite recently. They have their own specific differences from antiallergic drugs of previous generations. These pills for allergies do not cause drowsiness and do not affect the cardiovascular system, have a more rapid and long-lasting effect. They are allowed in children and old age, as well as to those whose work activity is related to serious mechanisms or requires high concentration of attention.

What allergy pills are in this group?

Drug name	Act
	Effective and safe drug among representatives of the group. Telfast does not affect psychomotor reactions, does not cause depression of the central nervous system, does not interact with other drugs. But these allergy pills for children are not prescribed until they reach 6 years of age. The cost is about 570 rubles.
Cetirizine	Good allergy pills on the skin. The drug does not accumulate in the tissues, quickly gets to the site of the lesion and perfectly eliminates the signs of dermatitis and rashes on the skin. The tool can be assigned to children from 2 years. The cost is about 120 rubles.
Fexofenadine	A similar remedy drug Telfast. It does not adversely affect the brain and nervous system, it is quite effective and safe. Price 280 rubles.
Tsetrin	The safest and most effective means to combat allergies. Appointed to adults and children from 2 years. It does not cause side effects, such as depression of the central nervous system. The cost is about 180 rubles.
The drug, almost not causing undesirable effects, working within 24 hours. Not recommended for problems with the urinary system. The price is about 250 rubles.

Allergy pills new generation

Allergy pills of the new generation, or, as it is called more often, the latter, “work” better than the above mentioned drugs and do not have a negative impact on the functionality of the cardiovascular system. We list them.

• Erius is a drug that blocks histamine receptors, resulting in the inhibition of possible negative reactions in the body caused by an allergen. Erius tablets cost about 600 rubles.
• Ksizal - a blocker of histamine receptors, practically not provoking the development of adverse reactions. Allowed to children from 2 years. The price is about 500 rubles.

It is important to remember that these allergy pills, despite the fact that they are new at the pharmacy market, have their own list of contraindications. Their list is insignificant, as a rule, they are not recommended during pregnancy and have restrictions for use in children.

Regardless of which generation antihistamines belong to, you cannot choose them yourself for the treatment of allergies. The treatment prescribed by a specialist will ensure a successful recovery in a short time and protect the wallet from the purchase of inappropriate and unnecessary medicines.

Hormonal and homeopathic medicines

Hormonal allergy pills can be attributed to the third generation of antihistamines. They contain chemical components that can have a systemic effect on the human body. Hormone-containing drugs are prescribed for allergic conditions in exceptional cases when the therapeutic effect of antihistamines is absent and allergic manifestations are strongly pronounced.

Long-term use of hormonal drugs is contraindicated, as they are quickly addictive. Reviews of the use of these drugs indicate that a common complication of their reception is gastric ulcer. Also these drugs have an effect on immune system, significantly reducing its defenses. Often, blood pressure increases and there are irregularities in the heart.

The treatment course with hormonal antiallergic drugs can last no more than 5 days. At an early age, treatment with hormone preparations in the form of tablets is contraindicated. The list of these drugs include: Kestin, Prednisolone, Hydrocortisone, Ultralan, etc.

Also suitable for the treatment of allergies are homeopathic preparations that do not have any contraindications to the use and side effects. They can be prescribed from birth to children and expectant mothers, breastfeeding is also not a contraindication in this case.

Homeopathic antiallergic therapy is not addictive, does not require an increase in the dose of the drug, and, most importantly, it induces the body to independently develop antibodies to certain specific stimuli. But there is also its own "fly in the ointment" - these drugs are synthesized from plant and animal components, and, therefore, the funds themselves can cause an allergic reaction.

Homeopathic treatment acts on a cumulative mechanism. Regular intake of the drug to obtain the necessary therapeutic effect   must be held for 8 months or more.

What homeopathic medicines for allergies are prescribed most often:

• Luffel is a natural remedy based on grassy vines. The drug is effective against allergic rhinitis. The tool is contraindicated for people suffering from disorders of the endocrine system.
• Rhinital - a drug aimed at combating pollinosis, hay fever and perennial allergic rhinitis. The tool eliminates tissue swelling, itching and irritation.

Allergy Pills for Children

If a child suffers with allergies, it is necessary to take the most responsible choice of a drug. Allergic reactions in children can occur at any age, even at the neonatal stage. If you do not treat allergies, the disease can be complicated by such conditions as bronchial asthma, autoimmune disorders and other pathologies, including disability.

Needless to say, self-medication in childhood is not the best solution. Prescribe and monitor the treatment should be a specialist.

We list in the table the drugs allowed in childhood, including birth.

Drug name	Release form	Application features
Diphenhydramine	Tablets, injection, suppositories.	Diphenol in the form of suppositories and injections is allowed from the second month of life of the child. In the form of tablets, the drug is prescribed strictly from 3 years. It is used against allergies on the face and skin, with cold allergies, etc.
	Tablets, pills, injection.	Tablets and injections of Pipolfen can be applied from 2 months of age of the child, drops from only 6 years old. Indications for use: skin allergies, allergic rhinitis, etc.
Phenystyle	Drops for internal use, capsules, gel for external use.	Drops are appointed from the first month of life of the newborn. The gel can also be used from birth, but under the supervision of a physician. Capsules can be 12 years old. It is prescribed for food allergies, skin allergies   and cold allergies, burying the drug to the child for 20 minutes before going out.
	Pills.	The drug is allowed from 2 years of age. It works against cold and against skin allergies, relieving the symptoms of itching and swelling of tissues.
Diazolin	Pills.	Diazolin can be used from 1 year. Before use, the tablet is recommended to be crushed to a state of powder. It is prescribed for allergic conjunctivitis - eye allergies, skin reactions, pollinosis.

It is important to bear in mind that the main purpose of allergy treatment is to detect and eliminate an allergen or a specific irritant, and not to take antiallergic drugs.

In childhood, individual hypersensitivity of the body may occur to any medication, cosmetics, animal hair, etc. Children with hereditary susceptibility to this condition are most susceptible to allergic diseases. Differentiating allergic disease among other pathologies is not easy, so the diagnosis must be made by a doctor.

Allergy Pills for Pregnancy

Expectant mothers in the same way are faced with allergies, carrying a child. What pills for allergies during pregnancy are allowed for women in the situation - is an ambiguous question. In the modern pharmacy market there are practically no antihistamines, which were completely safe for pregnant women and during lactation.

But an allergic disease is a condition that can cause autoimmune disorders, so you need to fight it. That's why antihistamines   expectant mothers need to drink.

The best allergy pills help to quickly cope with the body's hypersensitivity reaction with minimal risk to the developing fetus. Such drugs should not have a teratogenic effect, so they can be prescribed not only during pregnancy, but also in the newborn, and during breastfeeding.

So, the table shows the most effective antihistamines permitted during pregnancy, as well as those that are prohibited to use:

Permitted Tablets	Application features
Kromoglin	You can apply with 2 trimester under medical supervision.
Claritin	Reception from 2 trimesters is possible (analogue Loratadin).
Suprastin	May be appointed by short-term courses or one-time from 13 to 36 weeks of gestation.
Cetirizine	Taking the drug is possible if necessary.
Prohibited Pills	Cause of danger
Diphenhydramine	Not effective enough, increases the excitability of the uterus, threatens abortion.
	It can cause neurological and motor disorders in the fetus and in the unborn child, therefore, it cannot be prescribed for pregnant women and for allergies during breastfeeding.
	It penetrates the placental barrier, contributing to the development of neurological and other pathologies of the development of the fetus.

Table of drugs and their cheap analogues

In the table below, we have compiled a list of antihistamines, which are most often prescribed by a doctor, and selected more accessible analogues for them - drugs with the same active ingredient.

How to choose allergy pills?

As mentioned above, which allergy pills are best in a particular case only an allergist knows. After appropriate diagnosis, the specialist not only determines the allergen, but also prescribes treatment based on the type allergic disease, its severity, age characteristics of the patient and the presence of concomitant pathologies.

Today it is not a secret to anyone that there are two groups of drugs - more expensive original allergy pills and their cheap counterparts. In most cases, inexpensive drugs   they differ not only in cost, but also in the quality of purification of medicinal substances, being significantly inferior in this to the original counterparts.

It should be noted that if a specialist has prescribed an antiallergic drug, you should not change it to cheaper allergy pills on the advice of a pharmacist. The cost of drugs on the shelves of pharmacies varies widely, but not only the price category should play a role in choosing a medication. Most importantly, how the drug affects the human body.

Often there are situations when the treatment of an allergic disease begins with the wrong drug, which is more often chosen by a person at his own discretion. Against this background, treatment may not only be ineffective, but also unsafe, since another allergy joins the existing allergy - drug allergy. A vicious circle occurs - allergic reactions are simply impossible to suppress with antihistamines.

There are many ways to treat allergies: from traditional remedies to complex and long-term therapy. However, not all of them are effective. In practice, most of those who suffer from allergies prefer to use antihistamines. These remedies do not cure allergies, but they allow to relieve its symptoms by controlling the course of the disease. It is not so easy to choose a suitable antihistamine: allergic reactions are almost always individual, and what helps in one case may turn out to be completely ineffective in the other.

In addition, some antihistamines have unpleasant side effects. So, first-generation allergy medications cause drowsiness, they are not recommended for those who are going to, for example, get behind the wheel. Other means do not affect the performance, but can be harmful to the heart. In short, the choice of antihistamine drugs should be as careful as possible.

Antihistamines: a review of the means for the declared characteristics

Currently, pharmacies have the third generation of allergy products. The first generation of drugs   produced a pronounced sedative effect: these drugs did not so much remove the allergic reaction, but dull it, at the same time causing drowsiness, lethargy, apathy.

Second generation drugs   did not give such an effect, and the principle of action was based on a selective effect on H1-receptors. Their main disadvantage is the negative effect on the heart.

Third most modern generation   antihistamines, devoid of the disadvantages characteristic of the first and second generation. The effect of their reception comes quickly and persists for a long time.

If we talk about specific drugs, we have reviewed some of them.

The active substance - ebastine, belongs to the third generation. The drug acts within 48 hours, the effect occurs within an hour, the effectiveness is estimated as high. Kestine very well helps with allergies to pollen and the smell of plants - even asthmatics note a significant improvement in well-being. In addition, the drug is prescribed for allergic skin reactions, as well as for acute allergies up to angioedema. Kestine is available in tablets and syrup form. Syrup form is designed for children.

For Kestine, there are a number of restrictions: the tool can not be taken to children under 12 years of age, pregnant and lactating women, use is not recommended for liver disorders. The drug has no sedative effect, combined with alcohol, does not stimulate weight gain.

The drug of the third generation, the active substance - loratadin. The action lasts for a day, the effect occurs half an hour after ingestion. High efficiency means combined with safety. It can be taken by pregnant women, children over two years old, the elderly. The only contraindication is breastfeeding. Claritine does not give a sedative effect, does not stimulate weight gain, does not enhance the effect of alcohol.

Claritine is available in tablets, it is quite an expensive drug, but its effectiveness justifies the high cost. The tool successfully fights with the majority of allergic reactions, quickly and completely relieving symptoms. Claritine is most effective in relieving respiratory symptoms (runny nose, sneezing, coughing). However, it does not give a sedative effect, does not dry the mucous membranes and does not provoke the development of infections in cases where allergy is combined with acute respiratory infections or ARVI.

The main active ingredient is fexofenadine, the drug belongs to the third generation. Its effectiveness is high, the effect persists throughout the day, the effect of the intake comes after an hour. Like Claritine, Telfast has no side effects at all. However, the drug is not recommended for children under 12 years of age, as well as for lactating women. Use during pregnancy is possible for the elderly, as well as those who suffer from renal failure, it is recommended to reduce the dose.

Telfast is available in tablets. The drug is particularly effective for seasonal allergies, it can be drunk courses. Also Telfast well removes allergic reactions to dust, pet hair, odors, etc. Telfast also helps with allergic skin reactions, but it is more effective in relieving respiratory symptoms.

The means of the third generation, the main active ingredient is cetirizine. The duration of action - the day, the effect occurs within 1 hour after administration.

Zyrtec is available in drops, which ensures a quick onset of effect after ingestion. The drug copes well with almost all types of allergies, both with seasonal allergies, and with acute reactions. Zyrtec suppresses both respiratory symptoms and allergic manifestations on the skin. The drug can be used in courses.

Zyrtec is prescribed to children older than two years, the drug is not recommended for pregnant and lactating women. In renal insufficiency, a dosage reduction is recommended. The drug can give a sedative effect, however, such reactions occur rarely. In addition, it is poorly combined with alcohol, enhancing its effect.

Hismanal

Belongs to the number of third-generation drugs, the active ingredient is astemizol. The drug acts within 24 hours, the effect appears 1 hour after administration.

Hismanal is available in tablets and suspensions, the effect after taking the suspension comes a little faster. Hismanal is highly effective, it is a fairly strong drug that copes well with all types of allergic reactions. Often the tool is prescribed for course taking - for example, with seasonal allergies. When acute allergies   Hismanal also helps well - the drug quickly removes even strong symptoms   allergies.

The tool is prescribed to children older than 1 year, it is possible to use for pregnant women. Hismanal is contraindicated in lactating women, as well as those who suffer from renal failure. Among the side effects - with constant use can stimulate weight gain. Those who have heart problems take the drug with caution - it has a weak cardiotoxic effect.

Tablets used for allergic rhinitis, as well as skin allergic reactions. The effect after taking occurs within 1-1.5 hours and lasts for a day. Well helps with hives, irritations and allergic inflammations and skin rashes. Also helps to cope with allergies to pet hair, plant pollen, and various odors. When food allergies are not as effective.

The drug can be taken in children older than six years, not recommended for pregnant and lactating women. It acts during the day, does not affect the effect of alcohol intake, although the joint use of alcohol and cetrin is not recommended. For those who have renal failure, it is recommended to reduce the normal dosage by half.

"Vertex"

"Vertex" - relatively inexpensive and at the same time quite effective pills. The effect after taking it comes very quickly - in some cases, literally within a few minutes. The action lasts for 12-24 hours. "Vertex" is taken mainly in acute allergic reactions, as well as in situations where a person briefly contacts an allergen - for example, is in a house where there is a cat or a dog with allergies to animals. "Vertex" well removes both respiratory symptoms (runny nose, sneezing, cough), and skin reactions (itching, irritation, rashes).

"Vertex" can be taken by children over 2 years. The tool is not recommended for pregnant women, as well as women during lactation. With renal and hepatic impairment is used with caution, possibly reducing the dosage. Side effects are rare and can be a sedative, as well as cardiotoxic effects.

"Hydrocortisone"

Local remedy for allergies, ointment, well helps with rashes, skin irritations. "Hydrocortisone" is a hormonal agent, is used not only in the fight against allergies, but in many other cases. Ointment well removes irritation, itching, swelling, but it should be used with caution, and especially in those areas where the skin is thin. With frequent use, “Hydrocortisone” thinns it even more, resulting in wrinkles, veins, etc. In general, “Hydrocortisone” is not systematic, but rather emergency help   at any allergic symptoms   on the skin.

Not recommended for pregnant and lactating women, the drug is not used for children under two years of age. Contraindications are viral, fungal, bacterial skin diseases, dermatitis, tumors, ulcers of the skin.

Psilo-Balsam

Gel for local application, relieves skin allergies. In its composition - H1-blocker, which inhibits the activity of histamine receptors. "Psilo-balm" is used for acute allergic reactions, it quickly removes them, at the same time cooling the skin. In addition, often the tool is used after insect bites - it helps to remove itching and inflammation. Often, "Psilo-Balsam" is used for children - to relieve itching after mosquito bites.

It is recommended to apply a thin layer on the affected skin. If the drug is applied to large areas of the skin, an overdose is possible and, consequently, the appearance of side effects: dry mouth, difficulty breathing, drowsiness. The drug has virtually no restrictions in use, but it is not recommended for lactating women, and it should be used with caution during pregnancy. In addition, Psilo-Balsam can give drowsiness and increase the effect of alcohol.

Zodak

Antihistamine drug in drops, used for children over 1 year old, as well as for adults. Not recommended for use by pregnant and lactating women. The drug is well tolerated, in very rare cases, a sedative effect occurs.

The active ingredient is cetirizine, the drug belongs to the third generation of allergy drugs. "Zodak" acts quickly, within half an hour after ingestion - due to the release form (drops have a faster effect in comparison with tablets). Allergy after taking Zodak does not appear for a day or more.

The drug is quite strong, it is prescribed not only for "standard" allergic reactions (runny nose, itching, irritation and rash on the skin, etc.). It also helps in severe cases - including acute reactions up to angioedema.

We draw your attention to the fact that the choice of a particular drug should be carried out with the help of a doctor.

Today, allergic reactions, unfortunately, are not uncommon. Experts attribute this phenomenon to one of the most serious problems. After all, such reactions can affect any organ. Allergies are most often manifested as a variety of skin rashes. Such defects complicate the life of the patient, delivering significant discomfort. How to win this disease? Which skin is most effective?

What is a disease?

Many people, having noticed a sudden redness or rash on the skin, do not attach importance to them. Believing that such “ornaments” were the result of an insect bite or they take no action. Yes, and sometimes looks quite harmless allergy slight edema and small bubbles and really do not cause concern. Only one annoying - unbearable itching. It can not be removed by home remedies. And only applying on the skin, a person experiences long-awaited relief. Along with him comes the understanding that mosquitoes and nettles have nothing to do with this. We are talking about skin allergies.

Almost every person has experienced such reactions. Skin allergy is considered one of the most hard-to-diagnose ills. And it is no coincidence. It is sometimes difficult to distinguish ordinary irritation from allergic reaction. Quite often, only special tests can reveal the real cause of the symptoms.

Types of skin rash

The disease can manifest itself in different ways. Depending on the type of reaction, the elements of the rash may differ. It is worth noting that allergies often quite quickly pass. Spots on the skin, provided there is no contact with the “provoker”, disappear after a couple of days. However, there are cases when the rash does not pass so quickly. On the contrary, every day they cause more and more discomfort. Such manifestations require special attention.

These include the following types of allergies on the skin:

• Hives.   This form is characterized by blisters that appear in large numbers. They tend to merge. The strongest pruritus   accompanies urticaria. Patients are very difficult to tolerate this symptom. In some cases, patients who have an acute form of the disease, even hospitalized.
• Angioedema. Allergy resembles the above type - hives. A distinctive feature is the presence of pronounced edema. Quite often, such swelling is observed on the eyelids, in the lips.
• Contact dermatitis. This form occurs when you are in direct contact with the allergen. Therefore, the rash appears only on those areas of skin that have been in contact with a dangerous substance. As a rule, it is hands and face.

The main causes of the disease

All types of skin allergies result from exposure to a particular irritant. In other words, ailment cannot appear by chance. There are always factors that provoke an unpleasant reaction. There are a lot of them.

According to statistics, physicians distinguish such main sources of unpleasant manifestations:

• Food allergens.   AT this group   Many varied products are included. It should be understood that any substance can cause allergies. However, there are separate products that often lead to similar symptoms. This is honey, milk, exotic fruits, seafood. Quite often, the reaction to this group is manifested by a rash on the face.
• Animal hair, dust, plants.   Often, all these substances cause conjunctivitis or rhinitis. However, there are cases when the body reacts to them with an allergic rash.
• Decorative cosmetics, household chemicals, individual metals. Such substances can trigger contact dermatitis. It is noticed that in most cases the body does not immediately respond to such components. As a rule, a certain period of time passes, and the skin at the points of contact becomes covered with a rash.

Allergen diagnostics

Before treating this ailment, irritating factors should be eliminated. Otherwise, whatever highly effective allergy pills you may have taken, it will not be possible to overcome the disease. To determine the sources of irritation should go to the doctor. It is he who will designate the appropriate tests.

This method   simple enough. Small scratches are applied to the forearm with a scarifier. On them the prepared solution in which the prospective allergen is concluded drips. This method makes it possible to check more than ten substances.

Samples are closely monitored. If a real allergen is in the wound, the place swells and reddens. This allows you to identify adverse substances for the body. Quite often, patients themselves guess what exactly provoked a similar reaction. In this case, the doctor with the help of the sample can only confirm the guesswork.

Allergy in children

Unfortunately, no one is immune from this disease. Both adults and children are subject to it. Especially unpleasant when there is an allergy on the skin of a child.

In infants up to one year old, the rash is localized on the cheeks, forearms, neck, buttocks. Initially, red spots appear. Over time, they acquire a brighter shade. Then merge into one large red spot. The skin in these places is swollen. Then, small bubbles with a clear liquid start to form on the surface of the spots. The baby becomes very irritable, because such an allergy on the skin in a child causes intolerable itching.

Older children rash occurs on the forearms, face, abdomen. Allergies usually appear as dark pink or red spots. They give the impression of flaky skin. Sometimes a child may complain of drowsiness, headache. There are cases when the rash is accompanied by diarrhea or vomiting.

Allergy Treatment in Children

Initially, it is worth emphasizing that these manifestations are not only a symptom of a serious illness. A rash can lead to severe complications. Combing wounds, the baby opens up access to the body for various infections. And this, in turn, can provoke the development of various skin diseases. Therefore, it is important to take appropriate measures in a timely manner.

How to treat allergies to the skin of the baby, tell the doctor. It is with a visit to the doctor that therapy should begin. Remember that it is necessary to diagnose an allergen, and only a doctor can prescribe this procedure. Neglect of such measures may trigger the development of the chronic form. As a result, the skin of the baby gets scars and scars that remain for life.

Having determined the allergen, the doctor prescribes drug treatment. Antihistamines are used: "Diazolin", "Claritin". They perfectly relieve itching, neutralize substances that cause such a reaction in the body as an allergy to the skin. It is recommended to lubricate red spots with special ointments and gels. They also effectively relieve itching. And, importantly, they prevent the risk of infection.

It is necessary to understand that some drugs have a sedative effect. This means "Tavegil", "Dimedrol", "Suprastin." They slow down the reaction and cause drowsiness. When prescribing such drugs should carefully monitor the behavior of the child. Use only the medications prescribed by the pediatrician, and strictly follow the recommended dosage.

When should an ambulance be called?

Watch for symptoms very carefully. Sometimes allergy can be very insidious. Spots on the skin are not the only manifestation of the disease. If the rash is accompanied by nasal congestion, tearing, swelling of the face - call an ambulance.

These symptoms may indicate the development of angioedema. It is dangerous the possibility of swelling of the larynx and tongue. And this can lead to suffocation.

Allergy Pills

Modern pharmacology provides widest range   various drugs against this disease. Pills for allergies on the skin effectively relieve itching, swelling of tissues, prevent the spread of rash, protect against the formation of blisters. Many drugs contain mostly natural ingredients.

One of the most well-known and effective remedies in the fight against allergies is the Gistan medication. This medicine is available in the form of capsules, tablets, ointments. on the skin consists of extracts of herbs and vitamins.

It is very important not to forget about antihistamine drugs. The medications "Fenistil", "Zyrtec", "Telfast" are quite effective. In severe cases, the doctor may prescribe corticosteroids.

Together with these drugs it is often recommended to take activated charcoal. Especially when it comes to children. This medicine relieves manifestations and at the same time strengthens the immune system. By the way, activated carbon can be given even to newborns. Sometimes the doctor may recommend to use the laxative "Dufalak." As a rule, absorbers - Polysorb or Enterosgel - are also assigned with it.

The most important rule that allows effectively and quickly defeating an illness is to take only those drugs that an experienced doctor will prescribe. Do not forget that self-medication can seriously harm the body.

Purpose ointments

A qualified doctor, after determining the cause of hypersensitivity of the skin, will select the optimal treatment. It should be understood that for each individual case the measures to combat the disease will be different. Thus, depending on the rash, the doctor will prescribe either a hormonal or less radical ointment against skin allergies. Do not use the drugs yourself, carefully coordinate your actions with your doctor.

Hormonal ointments include substances that block further antibody production. These drugs a large number. They vary in strength effects on the body. Appointment of ointments containing hormones, depends on the patient's condition.

The list of such funds include drugs:

• "Hydrocortisone", "Prednisone". These ointments have a weak effect. They are used with minor manifestations of allergy. Such ointments can be used for pregnant women and children up to 2 years.
• "Afloderm", "Ftorokort", "Tsinakort".   This is a group of mild ointments. They are intended for more pronounced allergic reactions.
• "Sinalar", "Advantan", "Apulein", "Elokom". Drugs active action. As a rule, they are immediately stopped if necessary. inflammatory process. The effectiveness of these ointments allows you to use them for eczema and dermatosis.

All hormonal agents have a certain range of indications and a limited duration of use. That is why these drugs should be used only as prescribed by a doctor and only in prescribed doses. Otherwise, you risk getting incredibly many side effects that will require separate treatment.

To non-hormonal drugs include the following drugs:

• "Psilo-balm", "Fenistil-gel". Excellent relieve itching.
• "Levosin", "Levomekol", "Fucidin". Have a bactericidal effect.
• "Solcoseryl", "Actovegin", "Radevit", "Videstim". Able to stimulate skin regeneration.
• "Panthenol", "Bepanten". Accelerate healing and regeneration.

Any gel or on the skin, which contains lanolin, is quite effective. This component softens, moisturizes the surface, reduces flaking, protects against microcracks.

Folk remedies

It should be noted that these drugs must be combined with medical treatment. Only in this case, they will have a beneficial effect on the body and will quickly get rid of the unpleasant symptoms that skin allergies provoked. Folk remediescreated by nature, ways not only to fight the disease, but also to stimulate the protective functions of the body.

• Broth series.   It should be replaced by the use of coffee or tea. Take only fresh decoction. This drink is recommended to use for several years. It is believed that he is able to fully heal the body. Brew it should be like tea. Insist broth need about 20 minutes. The drink should be a beautiful golden color. If the decoction becomes muddy or green, then this series is completely unsuitable for use. Only those herbs from skin allergies that were collected personally are most effective. ethnoscience   It does not recommend the use of a commercial string packed in briquettes.
• Infusion of calendula. This tool allows you to get rid of itching. The affected areas should be cleaned. alcohol infusion. Soda solution is also quite effective. It takes 1.5 tsp. dilute in a glass of water. Carefully apply the finished solution to the areas affected by the rash.
• Infusion of violets. Traditional medicine recommends this remedy for allergic skin manifestations. One liter should be added to the bath. Water procedures can be applied with the same portion of infusion of wild marsh tea.

People suffering from various allergic reactions on the skin should go on a hypoallergenic diet. The essence of this power is as follows:

• preference is given to low-allergenic products;
• diet must be age appropriate;
• energy value of the diet should be maintained at the proper level.

Nutrition for skin allergies for each patient is selected by a nutritionist individually. The basic principle of this diet, as previously noted, is based on the rejection of highly allergenic products. After all, they are able to stimulate unpleasant reactions.

Quite often, the following products increase the symptoms of allergy:

• seafood;
• chicken eggs;
• milk and cow and goat;
• coffee, cocoa;
• fruits or berries with a red and orange color;
• smoked products (fish, meat);
• alcoholic beverages;
• chocolate;
• nuts;
• seasonings, sauces;
• mushrooms

The exclusion of these products has the most beneficial effect on the healing process. Edema is minimized, itching is reduced. The patient observes a significantly better regression of the rash.

However, among the products there are also medium allergens. Their amount in the diet should also be reduced.

These include:

• buckwheat or corn grits;
• wheat, rye;
• fito-waste;
• bananas, peaches, watermelons;
• legumes;
• potatoes.

Refusing and reducing the use of the above products, you should stay on the low-allergenic. After all, it is on their predominance in the diet that the diet is built.

Their list includes:

• dairy products;
• still mineral water;
• boiled pork and beef with low fat content;
• greenery;
• olive oil;
• vegetables (turnip, cabbage);
• liver, kidney;
• dried fruits.

Conclusion

The high prevalence of allergic reactions, unpleasant, sometimes even painful symptoms cause many questions in people. Can I get rid of the disease? What skin allergy pills should I choose? What methods of struggle to give preference?

Only a doctor can select a treatment that can stop the cascade of pathological reactions of the body. Do not self-medicate, entrust your invaluable health to a professional.

Allergy is considered to be a very common disease, which is a consequence of hypersensitivity   organism to all sorts of factors.

The treatment of this pathology is a rather complicated medical problem, since it requires an integrated approach.

That is why choose effective medicine   Allergy can only qualified doctor.

Key points in treatment

Regardless of the reason for the development of an allergic reaction, treatment should be comprehensive and include:

1. avoid contact with allergens;
2. restriction of foods that increase the risk of allergies - citrus, chocolate, milk, etc .;
3. elimination of excessive physical and mental stress;
4. limiting the impact of irritating factors on the body - hypothermia, overheating, etc.

In most cases, the following are allergens:

• medication;
• pollen of flowering plants;
• ultraviolet radiation;
• cold;
• house dust mites;
• mold fungi;
• animal hair;
• food products - nuts, citrus, milk, seafood;
• insect bites;
• cosmetics;
• household chemicals.

What is best for:

Manifestation on the skin

Such symptoms of allergic reactions are a consequence of pathological disorders in the human body, so not only local remedies, but antihistamines are used to eliminate them.

Today, to combat skin allergies, doctors usually prescribe second or third generation drugs.

It should be borne in mind that the means of the second generation have a toxic effect on the cardiovascular system, so they are contraindicated in many people.

At the same time, third-generation drugs that are based on octavegil do not cause drowsiness and do not lead to disturbances in the work of the heart.

The most effective remedy for topical administration are hormones. They are produced in the form of ointments or creams based on corticosteroid hormones.

Food Allergen Reactions

If an allergic reaction to a food product occurs, it is recommended to take a sorbent - white coal or enterosgel.

After that, calcium gluconate, which will cope with the swelling of mucous membranes, will help eliminate the manifestations of food allergies.

Subsequently, the doctor will decide on the use of antihistamine or hormonal drugs.

Ancillary tools can be cromones, which are used to stabilize membranes. mast cells.

To dust

Such an allergy manifests itself in the form of rhinitis, which is used to treat antihistamine drops   for the nose.

In severe cases, with the appearance of prerequisites for the development of asthma, inhalers may be required to eliminate bronchospasm.

Saltos or salbutamol are used for this purpose.

Allergy Medication List by Group

Since allergies are the result of serious disruptions in the body, its treatment must necessarily be complex.

Therefore, for the treatment of this pathology is used different groups   medicines.

Antihistamine

The mechanism of action of such drugs is to block the receptors that respond to histamine - it is he who is the main mediator of allergic inflammation.

Currently, allergists usually prescribe third-generation antihistamines, which are highly effective, do not cause drowsiness and do not have a negative effect on the heart.

To the most effective drugs   from this group include:

Hormonal

Enough effective means   allergies are considered hormonal drugs based on corticosteroids. They can have a systemic or local effect on the body.

Corticosteroids lead to a decrease in the production of inflammatory mediators and inhibit their release from mast cells and basophils.

For the treatment of allergic dermatitis use special ointments based on such hormones.

This group of medicines for allergies includes:

Cromones

This group of anti-allergy drugs is used to stabilize mast cell membranes.

Usually such drugs do not possess side effectsbut they are not considered as effective as corticosteroids.

Therefore, cromones can be used for mild manifestations of allergy as an adjuvant therapy.

Homeopathic

Such drugs are usually prescribed to people who have seasonal allergies. Also homeopathy is suitable for the treatment of cold forms of the disease.

However, it should be borne in mind that therapy with such drugs should last for a rather long time - 6-8 months.

In addition, you can not take homeopathic medicines at the initial stage during the exacerbation of allergies.

The choice of specific means is carried out depending on the form of the disease.

There are quite a few homeopathic medicines:

Forms of release. Their pros and cons

Currently, there are many options for the treatment of allergies - the choice of a specific form of the drug depends on the type and severity of the disease.

Pills

The best way to eliminate the symptoms of allergy is to use antihistamines in the form of tablets.

They are convenient to carry with them, but because a person can independently assist themselves at the first signs of the disease.

Although these tools are quite effective, the treatment of allergies with the help of tablets has many disadvantages:

• drowsiness;
• constipation;
• dryness in the mouth;
• visual impairment.

  The exception is the third generation of drugs - cetirizine, desloratadine.

Such drugs are usually used when allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis, pruritus.

Drops

Conjunctivitis and rhinitis of allergic origin require the use of special drops.

The principle of their operation is based on the narrowing of blood vessels, which allows to cope with nasal congestion, to remove puffiness and hyperemia of the eyes.

Eye drops include drugs such as:

• opatonol;
• lekroin;
• azelastine.

Nasal remedies may have a vasoconstrictor and antihistamine effect.

Through the use of such drugs can:

• eliminate mucous discharge from the nose;
• restore nasal breathing;
• cope with itching and sneezing.

You can use tools such as sanorin-analergin, vibrocil. Zyrtec drops are applied simultaneously to the eyes and nose.

The disadvantage of some drugs is their ability to enhance irritation of the mucous layer - this, in particular, refers to such drops as kromosol and kromoglin.

The sprays

Allergy nasal sprays are used to improve the condition of the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity.

At the same time, they are prohibited for use in case of problems with heart rhythm or pressure drop.

The advantage of such drugs is that they have a local effect and do not enter the general circulation. This significantly reduces the number of side effects.

Popular allergy sprays:

• tetrizoline;
• naphazoline;
• xylometazoline.

To block histamine used such tools as:

1. astemizole;
2. loratadine;
3. cetirizine.

If such agents do not give the desired results, the doctor may prescribe glucocorticoid sprays:

Ointments and creams

In the form of ointments, creams, gels or pastes produce drugs that have an antihistamine effect.

Their use allows you to eliminate the external signs of allergy - swelling, itching, rash, peeling of the skin.

Insoluble substances are present in other types of external preparations. Creams are used for moist and irritated skin, while emulsions are indicated for more significant disorders.

At the same time, all ointments and creams are divided into hormonal and non-hormonal.

Their main disadvantage is a large number of side effects - in particular, inhibition of the adrenal cortex.

Non-hormonal drugs - bepanten, fenistil, radevit - have no contraindications and are widely used for the treatment of allergies.

Injections

Similar procedures are applied if allergies develop instantly - this may be angioedema or anaphylactic shock.

Thanks to the intravenous or intramuscular use of drugs, it is possible to eliminate the symptoms of allergies.

In severe cases, injections are the only way to save the patient's life.

Inhalation

This type of allergy medication is used to treat asthma. Usually inhalers contain hormones, sympathomimetics, cholinergic receptor blockers.

These include:

Why is the doctor better to choose treatment drugs?

In order for an allergy treatment to be effective, it is very important to make the correct diagnosis and identify the allergen. This can only be done by an experienced doctor.

Independent use of antihistamines and other drugs for the treatment of allergies can lead to the development of dangerous complications, because many of them cause depression of the central nervous system and problems in the work of the heart.

In addition, without adequate therapy, the list of allergens can significantly expand.

As a result, it will be necessary to use stronger drugs that have many side effects.

Therefore, only a doctor should choose an allergy medicine that does not cause drowsiness.

Expensive or cheap, is there any difference

Cheap counterparts to allergy drugs usually have more side effects and do not always cope with the symptoms of the disease.

Most of them provoke drowsiness and disturbances in the work of the cardiovascular system.

Analogs are different from expensive preparations according to the degree of purification, because their use causes negative health effects.

More sophisticated products cost a little more, but they do not have so many side effects.

Also, expensive drugs usually make it more convenient to use, they have a long duration.

In addition, these funds should be taken less frequently, which is also very convenient for the patient.

Indications

The main indications for the use of drugs for allergies include the following states:

1. allergic rhinitis;
2. allergic conjunctivitis;
3. chronic urticaria;
4. allergic contact dermatitis;
5. atopic dermatitis.

Contraindications

Antihistamines of the first and second generation are contraindicated for people with disorders of the heart and problems of the central nervous system.

The means of the third generation have significantly fewer contraindications.

They, like all other drugs, should not be taken with hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.

In addition, most drugs are contraindicated during pregnancy.

Application features

During pregnancy

The development of an allergic reaction during pregnancy is accompanied by a reaction of the fetus, which manifests itself in the form of increased production of hydrocortisone, which reduces the manifestations of the inflammatory process.

Almost all allergy medications are contraindicated in the period of childbearing, because they adversely affect the development of the fetus.

The exception is tavegil, which is allowed in the second half of pregnancy.

With the development of severe allergies or anaphylactic shock   apply injections of hormonal drugs, but this can be done only in the presence of strict indications.

In children

Children's body has certain features that are associated with insufficient development of the liver.

That is why not all drugs can be used to treat children.

In this case, usually use local agents and antihistamines.

Hormonal drugs for internal use are not recommended, as they can change the work of the adrenal glands.

As a rule, prescribe drugs such as:

• erius;
• zyrtec;
• astemizole;
• terfenadine.

In children under one year, allergies are usually manifested as a reaction to food, which is accompanied by skin rashes.

Usually, local hormones are used for treatment and exclude contact with the allergen.

Video: Appointment of drugs for children

Do all antihistamines cause drowsiness

Not all antihistamines have a pronounced sedative effect.

Only first-generation drugs, which are currently used quite rarely, lead to the disruption of the central nervous system.

Antihistamines of the new generation eliminate allergy symptoms without affecting the brain.

What to do when there is a reaction to the drug itself

If you have allergy symptoms drug, you need to cancel his appointment and immediately consult a doctor.

The specialist will prescribe a survey, the results of which will select an effective treatment.

Often, allergies to drugs appear in people who have a tendency to food reactions. In such cases, doctors advise you to adhere to a hypoallergenic diet.

As a rule, after the abolition of the drug that provoked allergies, all symptoms disappear. In this case, the doctor prescribes a safer medication.

First Aid Products

For fast-acting drugs for allergies include hormonal drugs, whose main task is to eliminate the inflammatory process.

This group of medications may be prescribed as local or systemic agents.

These drugs include:

1. klenil;
2. sinaflan;
3. flicsonase, etc.

With the development of anaphylactic shock, a person should be provided with emergency care.

A solution of epinephrine hydrochloride 0.1% in an amount of 0.3-1 ml is injected subcutaneously at the site of the introduction of the allergen or insect bite.

The same drug should be administered intravenously to increase blood pressure. Dexamethasone, prednisolone or hydrocortisone is injected into the vein. If this is not possible, use the intramuscular method.

Allergy preparations are also injected under the skin - promethazine, chloropyramine, diphenhydramine solution.

When asphyxiation prescribed intravenous administration of a solution of aminophylline, as well as inhaled bronchodilators.

Isoprenaline solution may also be injected under the skin.

With the development of acute heart failure, intravenous administration of a solution of Korglikon is shown.

Treatment of allergies must necessarily be comprehensive and based on the results of diagnosis. If symptoms of this disease appear, you should immediately consult a doctor who will select effective drugs.