A varnish used as an aerosol caused dermatitis. For 15 years, the woman suffered from repeated dermatitis of the fingers, palms and wrists; the reason has been proven to be lacquered soup bowls. When used for firewood, smoke contains highly irritating particles.

Clinical features almost infinitely vary depending on the mode and places of contact, as well as the degree of sensitivity. Examining affected factory workers illustrated some problems. Few noted that those who work with varnish seem to be immune to their actions.

Cross-sensitivity to other anacardial plants has been mentioned. He was examined by Howell; the range is wide, but variable. However, syndromes caused by stronger sensitizers have certain distinguishing features. Previously insensitive individuals after exposure should have a latent period of 9-14 days before the onset of dermatitis. The first symptom is intense itching; papules will soon appear, often in a linear pattern in case of contact with poison ivy, and they evolve into vesicles or bulls.

Any and all parts of the body can be affected in severe cases, while the allergenic material is easily transferred by fingers to areas remote from the points of initial contact. However, the allergenic material is not present in the vesicle fluid. Areas of thicker skin are less susceptible. In addition to regions that are well protected by hair, swelling can be significant, especially on the eyelids and male genitals.

The evolution of the eruption occurs in cultures, affecting, firstly, the places where most allergens are absorbed, and then successively less heavily polluted areas or areas of thicker skin. Dermatitis usually reaches its full duration after 48 hours. Healing occurs within 2-3 weeks if there is no repeated contact with the allergen. Scarring does not occur if a secondary infection has not been introduced. Hyperpigmentation is a common complication of poison ivy dermatitis in black skin, unusual on Caucasian skin; hypopigmentation can also occur.

Perianal dermatitis from the use of poisonous ivy leaves described Dakin. If plant material is ingested, vomiting, diarrhea, and neurological symptoms that mimic atropine poisoning can occur - drowsiness or numbness, convulsions, derium, fever, and pupillary dilation. Sensitive patients challenged a poison ivy extract that orally developed the degranulation of circulating basophils for an hour. Nephritis can also complicate poisoning, either after ingestion or after a massive skin blister.

This complication was not associated with systemic symptoms, and the possibility of its occurrence related to the treatment of dermatitis with an antihistamine was considered. Contact sensitivity to toxodendron is most often acquired in childhood   or in early adulthood and tends to decrease in later life. There is no evidence of familial susceptibility to sensitivity, but atopic people may be less susceptible. There is no evidence that children are more or less susceptible than adults; frequency of sensitivity in all junior age groups   is a measure of the impact on the allergenic material.

Immunity in Asians was attributed to the effects of Mangifera at an early age. Various methods of desensitization were expressed, including the use of gradually increasing doses for the skin and a graduated oral dosage of 10% cashew oil. Patient attempts to desensitize themselves by chewing ivy ivy leaves caused stomatitis and dermatitis of the face and perianal skin. Oral hyposensitization has been demonstrated in some people and is confirmed in a study of larger groups.

An adequate amount of purified urine must be administered for a sufficiently long period of time, and monitoring is required for skin and systemic complications. Experiments on guinea pigs have shown that the ability of urushiols to induce delayed contact sensitivity depends on the nature of the ring substituents. Skin toxicity was not associated with sensitivity. Further studies have emphasized the importance of the alkyl chain in determining antigen specificity and non-reciprocal cross-reactivity.

Guinea pigs tested 12 species out of 7 genera with oleoresins. In a clinical study that involved both open and closed patch tests for patients, primarily susceptible to ivy poisoning, all patients showed cross-sensitivity to oak poisoning, while cross-sensitivity to other genera often occurred in tests with an open patch and very often in closed patch tests, Cross-sensitivity within this family should be considered as common, unless it has been excluded.

More obscure sources of cross-sensitivity can be found among some phenolic materials used in medicine, including resorcinol, hexylresorcinol, Castellani dye, etc. Wheat bran, as well as some alkylquinones. The following recommendations for the treatment of poison ivy and other dermatoses caused by urushiol are adapted from Mitchell. The goal of treatment is to make the patient comfortable until the dermatitis resolves.

When the eruption is common, three 10-minute cool baths daily have a calming effect. As the vesiculation subsides, proceed to local applications of calamine lotion mixed in equal parts with water. As the skin begins to dry, change it to a topical corticosteroid cream. However, such creams have a slightly more placebo effect in poison ivy and similar dermatoses.

The simpler local therapy, all the better. Avoid calamine lotions with supplements, topical antihistamines and “-caine” compounds, otherwise unexpectedly severe exacerbations may occur. Relief of pruritus with oral medications is known to be difficult and depends on the effectiveness from one patient to another. The anti-pro-critical effect of antihistamines appears to be proportional to their sedative effects. There are many types of antihistamines to choose from - oral administration of diphenhydramine hydrochloride 50 mg at night and, in addition, it is recommended to use chlorpheniramine maleate 8-12 mg three times a day.

It is important to warn the patient about the sedative effect of this treatment, especially with regard to driving a car, working with moving cars, etc. if taking antihistamines, alcohol should not be taken. Localized edema, which may result from lesions of the face, neck, and anogenital area, may indicate the need for oral corticosteroid therapy.

The patient suffers from painful discomfort. He should rest at home in loose clothing and avoid overheating, caffeine and alcohol. Compresses or bathing, as indicated above, should be used for 10 minutes every 2-3 hours. A dose of 40 mg of prednisone daily, in divided doses, is prescribed to be taken with milk between small frequent meals. In some cases, this is an adequate treatment. In severe cases, experienced dermatologists have recommended an even higher dose of corticosteroids in the first 24 hours.

The dose is gradually reduced over 7-10 days. Outbreaks often occur if a withdrawal occurs too quickly or an alternate daily dose is used. It is better to narrow the dose within 20 days. Such short courses of corticosteroid therapy carry the usual risks, but the risks of such short-term therapy in healthy people are insignificant compared with the risks of long-term corticosteroid therapy with skin diseases. When treating acute dermatitis with systemic corticosteroids, you must first take care of a patient who may have peptic ulcer.

A significant complication is the stimulation of the central nervous system - the patient cannot sleep. No one should prescribe poison ivy or similar extracts when treating an acute illness. This is unreasonable and immunologically unreasonable. Such administration may have no effect, or may aggravate dermatitis.

Symptoms of severe eye damage can be resolved by local application   atropine and corticosteroids. Patient usually better at home. Many methods have been developed to destroy damaging plants or to protect a patient, but none of them is completely effective. Repetition or lengthening of dermatitis is caused by repeated exposure to urushiol or possibly by some other material related to immunochemistry. Ask the patient to have potentially contaminated clothing, including shoes, towels, sheets, sleeping bags, and other items washed or cleaned.

The dog should also be washed several times. Poison ivy allergenic oleoresins and related plants are non-volatile oils that oxidize very slowly, if at all, in the absence of moisture. Children, animals, rocks, vegetation, tools, sports or walking equipment, furniture, cars and their accessories, etc. may transmit allergens to sensitive individuals. Thus, the doctor could use a book or a reprint of paper with color images of locally suspicious species to show patients.

Avoiding exposure may, however, be impossible. Barrier creams, local detoxicants and the like give inadequate protection. Thorough rinsing after exposure does not prevent serious dermatitis in highly sensitive people; it may, however, reduce the reaction in those who are less sensitive. Hard soaps and vigorous cleaning do not have an advantage over simple soaking in cool water. It has been shown that it is no more effective than water only to prevent dermatitis.

Sometimes immunological prophylaxis is possible. This, however, is a strict procedure that requires observation by a physician, since the risk of adverse effects is significant. Large quantities of active allergens must be taken for a long time, and when therapy is stopped, sensitivity quickly returns. This form of treatment should be reserved for very sensitive individuals who, due to reasons of work or the environment, cannot avoid exposure to allergens. Of the experimentally proven agents, only raw poison ivy oleoresin is currently available.