Today it is difficult to find a person who at least once in his life has not experienced allergy. Especially often this disease occurs in children, which is associated with the characteristics of their body.

Manifestations of allergic reactions can be different - a rash on the skin, itching, sneezing, runny nose. But sometimes this pathology affects the mucous membrane of the eyes, which leads to the development of conjunctivitis.

Allergy eye drops for children help to cope with this symptom, significantly improving the quality of life of the baby.

Kinds

Currently, there are many types of drugs to eliminate allergic conjunctivitis - they all differ in their active substances and mechanism of action.

Vasoconstrictor

These tools help:

• reduce puffiness and redness of the eyes;
• and reduce the main manifestations of allergy - tearing, itching, pain.

It should be borne in mind that prolonged use of such funds in children can lead to addiction.

After discontinuation of the drug, symptoms of the disease reappear.

Similar drugs  easily penetrate into the vascular system of the eye and systemic blood flow, affecting the work of the whole organism.

To popular allergy vasoconstrictor drugs include drugs such as:

Antihistamine

As part of these funds are components that quickly suppress the allergic reaction. Even in the acute period of the disease, they help to eliminate itching and severe tearing in a short time.

The active ingredients of these drugs block the release of histamine and inhibit the activity mast cellswhich are responsible for the development of allergies.

• ketotifen;
• lekrolin;
• azelastine;
• opatanol.

According to the mechanism of action, such drugs do not differ from antihistamines of systemic use, but at the same time side effects  much lower.

Hormonal

Such drugs are considered the most effective remedies for allergies.

Drops quickly eliminate all manifestations of the disease, possessing:

• antiallergic;
• anti-inflammatory;
• and antiexudative effect.

In this case, hormonal drugs can be prescribed to children only during the exacerbation of the disease.

It should be borne in mind that such drugs can not be used by children under 6 years of age.

In addition, it is very important to carefully follow the dosage prescribed by the doctor.

Cromones

These drugs are commonly used as anti-inflammatory drugs for the prevention of disease.

To obtain the expected effect of their use, the course of treatment must be quite long.

Children usually prescribe such eye drops as:

Homeopathic

Such agents have pronounced anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.

Their composition usually contains components of plant origin, which allows minimizing the likelihood of side effects.

One of the most well-known drugs in this group is considered to be an oculoche.

List of popular drugs with their characteristics

Features of the choice of eye drops from allergies

Most eye drops  from allergies has an age limit. This feature must be taken into account when choosing an effective means for the baby.

Newborn and babies

When choosing a drug for a newborn baby, you need to be very careful.

Quite often, conjunctivitis in infants has a bacterial origin and is not associated with allergies.

Therefore, to choose eye drops  from allergies for children under one year is not worth it.

From 1 month allergists are allowed to use tools such as high chrome or kromoglin.

Children from 1 to 3 years

Children of this age can use such means as:

• cromosol;
• cromohexal.

They are suitable for children older than 2 years. Children after 1 year, the doctor may prescribe eye drops zodak.

Eye drops for allergies for children under 3 years must be prescribed by a specialist.

From three to seven years

For children over 3 years old, the drug opatanol, which is a histamine receptor blocker, is suitable.

At the same time, it has a selective effect and does not affect the other receptors that trigger the appearance of allergies.

After 4 years, you can use drops lekrolin - this drug is a stabilizer of mast cell membranes.

With it, it is possible to stop the release of histamine, bradykinin and other substances responsible for the appearance of allergic reactions.

Children over 6 years old can use allergodil drops that block histamine receptors.

Above 7 years old

From the age of 7, you can use hormonal drugs - in particular, dexamethasone or lotoprednol.

However, the use of such drugs is allowed only by prescription of the attending physician in particularly difficult cases.

It is very important to observe the dosage of the drug, which is determined by the doctor.

Benefits of Drops

The use of eye drops to eliminate the symptoms of allergic reactions has certain advantages:

1. quick effect;
2. lack of time frame for the duration of therapy;
3. availability therapeutic effect  within 12 hours;
4. security. Since this form of the drug has a local effect, the risk of side effects is minimal.

In order to treat the child as efficiently and safely as possible, it is very important to adhere to all the recommendations of the doctor:

• any drug must be prescribed by a specialist;
• you can not cancel the use of the drug;
• it is forbidden to change the dosage without permission;
• with the simultaneous use of several drugs must adhere to the sequence and observe the intervals between their use;
• store eye drops after opening in the refrigerator, and before use for 1-2 minutes, immerse them in hot water;
• stop using the drug if it causes a burning sensation that does not go away within 2 days.

When it is better not to use

There are situations when the use of allergy eye drops for children is contraindicated.

These include the following:

1. infectious eye disease;
2. individual intolerance to the components of the drug;
3. burning after instillation;
4. lack of the desired effect for 3 days. In this case, you should consult a doctor who will replace the drug or select a different treatment strategy.

Adverse reactions

Negative health effects can be associated with individual intolerance to the drug or improper use of a particular remedy.

To avoid this, use the bottle should be very careful.

The use of eye drops can cause dryness of the mucous membrane of the eye.

If you simultaneously use antihistamines and hormones from allergies, the risk of an infection process increases significantly.

It should be borne in mind that corticosteroid drops can be dangerous because they lead to an increase in intraocular pressure.

Hazards of self assignment

Eye drops for children can not be used without a doctor's prescription. Independent use of such products can lead to serious health consequences.

A child can:

• eyesight deteriorate;
• dryness of the mucous membrane of the eye;
• disrupted general well-being;
• also sometimes there is an allergy to eye drops.

It should be borne in mind that allergic conjunctivitis in childhood  has quite serious manifestations that need proper treatment.

Therapy can be selected only after a comprehensive and comprehensive examination.

Video: Bury instructions

When you can do without drops

In some cases, it is possible to do without the use of eye drops for a child. This usually applies to milder forms of the disease when it is possible to completely eliminate contact with the allergen.

Also, instead of drugs, you can sometimes use lotions with herbs.

The necessary properties have infusions:

• daisies;
• succession;
• sage

However, these funds themselves can act as allergens, so they must be used very carefully.

Approximate cost in the table

The price of a particular drug depends on the active ingredient and manufacturer:

How to bury children

Before using allergy drops, carefully read the instructions attached to the drug.

1. if the bottle does not have a special dispenser neck, the drops are collected with a clean pipette;
2. the drug should be instilled into the child in the inner corner of the eye under the lower eyelid. At the same time you can not touch it with the tip of the bottle or pipette;
3. after the procedure, the child should blink - this will help the drug evenly distributed;
4. bury eyes, as a rule, it takes several times a day for 1-2 weeks.

Eye drops help to effectively eliminate tearing, itching, redness of the eyes, which are provoked by allergic reactions.

It should be borne in mind that such local drugs cope only with the symptoms of the disease, so the treatment must necessarily be comprehensive.

In our time, it is probably impossible to meet a person who would not be faced with manifestations of an allergic reaction to something. The disease with the name "allergy" is familiar to many of us firsthand. It affects the human body from the inside and brings a lot of discomfort.

Allergies can be accompanied by completely harmless symptoms, since burning and itching, redness of the skin and mucous membranes. But it can also lead to more serious consequences (for example, to angioedema). Very often with allergies watery eyes, a person feels discomfort, pain and burning. Nowadays there are many effective means  from this ailment: antihistamines, drops and ointments for eyes.

Allergic diseases of the eye and their features

The eyes are a very sensitive and tender organ. Despite all the factors of their protection from the environment, they are highly susceptible various diseases  and exposure to allergens. The organs of vision are in contact with dust, pollen and animal hair, which are strong catalysts of the disease.

In women, the cause of the reaction may be the use of poor quality mascara or eye shadow. Such cosmetics irritate the mucous membrane of the eyes, as a result of which they itch and water.

What are allergic diseases of the eye? Their large number, but most often there are:

Allergic dermatitis affects the skin of the eyelids. Some factors may be a triggering factor. cosmetic products  and work with chemicals (food processing, chemical production). There is dermatitis of the eyelid edema, the appearance of rashes in the form of blisters, itching and discomfort.

Allergic conjunctivitis can be chronic and acute. A person’s eyes become very red, there is a lot of tearing. In the acute form, very severe edema of the mucous membrane of the eye can occur - conjunctival chemosis.

Pollinic conjunctivitis has a seasonal dependence. The disease occurs when certain plants bloom in people who are too sensitive to pollen. The disease is characterized by sneezing and coughing, a runny nose, difficulty breathing, skin rashes, itching and redness. The mucous membrane of the eye becomes red, there is discomfort and tearing.

Keratoconjunctivitis (or spring catarrh) is also a seasonal disease. On the mucous membrane of the eyelids grows in the form of small papillae. Most often, Qatar is diagnosed in children, especially boys. They complain severe itchingphotophobia and tearing.

Angioedema of the eyelids in a short time extends to all parts of the eyeball, and leads to an increase in intraocular pressure. Allergy occurs on medications  (most often, antibiotics from the sulfonamide group) and some foods (for example, citrus fruits, eggs and chocolate products).

Most allergic diseases  susceptible people who constantly use contact lenses for vision correction. The fact is that pollen of plants, volatile chemicals and other allergens often accumulate on them. In addition, the material from which the lenses are made and the solution for washing and storing may cause the reaction.

Children also often experience unpleasant allergy symptoms. The body of the child can not always cope with aggressive environmental factors that affect him. In most cases, children develop a reaction to animal hair and pollen from flowers.

Allergy Treatment: Basic Ways

In case of allergies, antihistamines are prescribed for oral administration, vasodilators and antiallergic drugs, since allergic eye drops.

Eye drops are made to suit various requirements. They contain a certain dose of medicinal substance and auxiliary components. At the moment there is a large selection of anti-allergic eye drops. Allergy drops for children do not practically differ from adult analogues, although the dose of the main active ingredient in them is somewhat less. In general, the allergy treatment regimen looks like this:

• Eye antiallergic drops
• Ointment for local application  on the skin
• Immunotherapy
• Anti-inflammatory drugs (if necessary)
• Elimination or minimization of allergen
• After treatment, relapse prevention is carried out. It is conducted in 2 directions: strengthening the body as a whole and restoring its defenses to combat the allergen.

Drops from allergic conjunctivitis: description

Eye drops relieve discomfort in the eyes, relieve redness of the mucous membrane, itching, swelling, watery eyes. Some time after their use, photophobia and hypersensitivity  to sunlight. There are 3 main categories of eye drops, which are prescribed for allergies.

Antihistamine drops contain chemicals that can suppress an allergic reaction. They quickly remove the unpleasant symptoms of allergies, both in chronic and in acute course of the disease. Itching and swelling disappear after several medications. Tearing, which gives a lot of inconvenience to a person, also disappears.

Such a quick effect is due to the fact that antihistamines block the release of histamine - a substance responsible for allergic processes in the body - and prevents it from entering the intercellular space. Side effects when using such drops for the eyes a little and they appear quite rare. Representatives of this group of products: Lekrolin, Azelastine, Ketotifen, Opatanol, Olopatadin.

Anti-inflammatory eye drops can be steroid (hormonal) and non-steroid. Such drugs are effective, capable in a short time to relieve a person from the manifestations of allergies, edema and itching.

Attention! The use of these funds must be coordinated with the ophthalmologist!Prolonged use of such drops can lead to glaucoma and "dry eye syndrome", as well as cause clouding of the lens. It is advisable to apply them only in cases where an infectious-inflammatory process is found in the eye. Representatives: "Akular" - non-steroid and "Lotoprednol" - steroid.

Vasoconstrictor drugs effectively relieve swelling and inflammation, but can be addictive. In addition, they penetrate the bloodstream through the vessels and can cause systemic reactions. This group includes “Vizin”, “Octylia”, “Ocmetil”.

Due to the abundance of medicines, it is difficult for a person to figure out which of them is better and safer. Therefore, if you have an allergy, do not self-medicate! So you can only aggravate the situation. Consult a specialist. He will select the treatment that is necessary for you and will monitor the treatment process until your complete recovery.

According to WHO, every fifth inhabitant of the planet suffers from allergies, and every year their number only increases. Most often, it is impossible to get rid of an allergic reaction to one or another irritant, which is why it is important to choose effective drugshelping to minimize her symptoms.

Antiallergic eye drops: how to apply?

Doctors divide allergies into two types:

• permanent;
• seasonal.

In fact, allergy is a violation of the immune system of the body, which, being unable to withstand individual stimuli from the external environment by the usual biological defense mechanisms, responds to their effects by increased sensitivity.

Allergy - a violation of the immune system of the body

In addition, it is important to remember that allergy is not always the root cause, sometimes it is just a concomitant sign of the development of a more serious disease. For example, brucellosis, tuberculosis, leprosy, cholecystitis or typhoid fever, as well as diseases of the teeth and oral cavity.

Symptoms and manifestations of the disease

It has been established that exposure to household allergens, including cleaning and detergents, mainly manifested by dysfunctions of the upper respiratory tract and local skin lesions (dermatitis, rash), and stimuli from the external environment cause a whole chain of reactions, among which may be the following symptoms:

• sneezing;
• redness of the skin, expressed by small dotted or extensive rashes, sometimes itchy;
• nasal congestion;
• redness of the mucous membrane of the eyes, clear transmission of the vascular pattern;
• tearing;
• photophobia;
• burning on the eyelids and whites of the eyes;
• swelling and swelling of different parts of the body;
• itching, slight swelling and dry throat;
• cough and sore throat and throat;
• chills and fever;
• asthma attacks;
• inflammation of the respiratory mucosa;
• headache and dizziness;
• lethargy, apathy;
• fatigue;
• and drowsiness;
• impaired concentration of attention;
• irritability.

Each of these symptoms causes discomfort and inconvenience, but some are dangerous because they can lead to the development of pathology of vital organs.

The range of antiallergic drops and pricing

Solutions and drops for instillation of eyes with antiallergic action contain antihistamine components in their composition to help eliminate symptoms. Often, eye drops are prescribed with pills for more effective treatment, because they slow down inflammatory processes  on the tissues of the eyeball and eyelids, reducing the risk of deterioration of visual functions.

In addition to antiallergic drugs can have the following effects:

• moisturizing;
• anti-inflammatory;
• vasoconstrictor;
• antiseptic;
• membrane stabilizing;
• antimicrobial;
• antiviral.

Such a comprehensive focus of the drugs of the combined action due to the fact that when irritated mucous membranes of the eye become more susceptible to viruses and microbes, even if it is not they are the cause of allergy.

Since babies are especially sensitive to all medicines, there are high demands on children's drugs.

The mechanism of action of antiallergic eye drops is based only on the elimination of symptoms by blocking the foci of inflammation. Most of them, with the exception of hormone-containing compounds, do not have a therapeutic effect.

Ophthalmologists do not recommend wearing lenses during the course of seasonal allergies, but if they are impossible to refuse, you should give preference to soft contact lenses. And it is mandatory to comply with their hygiene, avoiding contact with the eyes of additional sources of irritation.

Do not wear lenses during seasonal allergies.

Before using antiallergic or complex lens formulas, it is advisable to remove them, you can put them back in a quarter of an hour after the procedure. In the case when there is a great irritation and tearing, ophthalmologists recommend to stop wearing the lenses until the symptoms of allergy completely disappear.

Dosages and Prescriptions

It is important to remember that self-excess of the dosages recommended in the instructions or prescribed by the doctor may lead to irreversible consequences!

Usually the rate per application is 2-3 drops, but the interval between instillation is determined by the doctor. If you need to drip more than 3 drops, then it is advisable to do it in several visits. As a rule, the effect lasts 5-6 hours. In the intervals it is allowed to use moisturizing or drops with a sedative effect.

If there are several ophthalmic preparations in the prescription leaflet, then between their use you need to observe a time interval of 15-20 minutes. In the case when there is a certain order of funds used - it can not be changed!

1. Before burying the eyes, hands should be washed with soap or disinfected with a special solution. The tip of an open bottle should not touch anything!
2. Do not let someone else use your drops - there is a risk of transmission through the vial.
3. It should be remembered about the rules of storage of medicines, because in many ways the effectiveness of the drug depends on their compliance, as well as the shelf life of the solution.
4. Before use, a bottle of drops extracted from the refrigerator must be warmed in the hands for one or two minutes. An allergic eye can react extremely negatively to cold medicine.
5. After instillation of the eyelids, you can only get wet with a clean paper napkin or cotton pad. In no case can not now the eyes or touch them during the day with your hands.

An important factor is strict adherence to the duration of the use of drops.

The use of all ophthalmic preparations for children should be carried out strictly in consultation with the pediatrician and an oculist.

Video - Allergies in the eyes of the cause, symptoms, treatment

Contraindications and possible side effects

It is important to remember that a doctor should prescribe anti-allergic drops - each drug has a certain range of action and contraindications. In the case of self-treatment, the condition can not only remain without improvements, but also significantly deteriorate up to the development of pathologies.

Eye drops should be used with extreme caution to the following groups of individuals:

• pregnant and lactating women;
• elderly people;
• children under 12;
• people with liver and kidney disease.

In case of over-instillation and dosage, the following can be observed:

• further irritation of the mucous membrane of the eyes;
• conjunctivitis;
• rarely - dryness, burning;
• foreign body sensation or “dust” in the eye;
• puffiness;
• burning;
• blurred vision;
• lacrimation;
• unpleasant taste in the mouth.

The more serious symptoms of an overdose include:

• hemorrhage in the anterior ocular chamber;
• corneal erosion;
• violation of the functions of the optic nerve;

It is important to remember that eye drops are combined with all anti-allergy drugs, including sedative effects, but may be contraindicated for combined use with other groups of drugs. It should be remembered that with the abuse of allergies may develop on the drops themselves.

Preventive measures

During the period of allergy the body needs help. Weakened the immune system  needs food rich in vitamins and minerals. Nutritionists recommend including the following foods and dishes in the diet:

• vegetables;
• fruits;
• greenery;
• low-fat meat and fish;
• porridges;
• soups.

It is advisable to replace coffee with tea, herbal infusions, fresh juices, natural fruit drinks and compotes.

If possible, give up or significantly reduce the effect on the body of the following factors:

• smoking;
• alcohol;
• stressful situations.

It is important to provide the body with a healthy full rest and a warm relaxing shower before going to bed.

When airing a room, you should make sure that the wind does not blow directly to your face, otherwise you need to carry fresh air through a curtained window or out of the room. In hot weather, you can hang a wet sheet or folded gauze in 4-5 layers on the window.

Allergists advise on arrival home immediately take a warm or a contrast shower, allowing you to wash off the skin dust, pollen and germs. In windy and sunny weather, walking around the street is best with glasses - this will save irritated eyes from street dirt and unnecessary irritation, as well as protect them from the sun.

Alternative medicine recipes recommend performing the following procedures during the day:

• promakivyvat eyelids and put on lotions on the eyes of the steep tea leaves;
• place edema wipe parsley juice.

In order to reduce symptoms associated with allergies, one should not strain eyesight excessively, and also reduce the time spent at the computer and TV.

The eyes are not only a mirror of the soul. This is one of the most important organs by which a person knows the world. Therefore, it is important to keep your eyes healthy and your eyesight is good.

Because of its anatomical and physiological features, the human eye is subject to the influence of a wide variety of allergens: pollen, mold, animal dander, house dust, cosmetics, volatile chemicals.

On the part of the eyes, allergic manifestations are very diverse in the clinical picture and in the localization of changes caused by allergens, from minor inflammation of the eyelid skin and tearing of varying intensity to damage to the optic nerve and retina.

Allergic diseases of the eye

The most common types of allergic diseases of the eye are currently:

• Allergic dermatitisaffecting integuments  century. The cause of redness of the eyelids, edema, blistering rash is most often the sensitivity to the components of cosmetics. This condition can also occur against the background of exposure to occupational hazards — in this case, workers in the chemical industry, food processing and food industry often become patients of the ophthalmologist.
• Allergic Conjunctivitis (acute and chronic). Accompanied by profuse tearing, redness of the eyes. In acute form, marked swelling of the mucous (conjunctival chemosis) is observed.
• Pollinous conjunctivitis.  Characterized by a clear seasonality of exacerbations. The clinical picture of the disease in addition to allergic conjunctivitis includes sneezing, runny nose, skin reactions, shortness of breath.
• Spring Qatar (keratoconjunctivitis). The appearance on the conjunctiva of the eyelid papillary growths is characteristic feature  seasonal disease, which boys are sick more often. Children are worried about severe itching, tearing, photophobia.
• Angioedema of the eyelids.  It is characterized by the rapid spread of edema to all parts of the eyeball, and may be accompanied by increased intraocular pressure. Some medicines (antibiotics, sulfonamides, salicylates), food products (eggs, citrus fruits, chocolate) can become allergens.

For those who correct their eyesight with contact lenses, allergic manifestations are much more common.

Components of the lens material or storage solutions may cause a reaction. Volatile chemicals, plant pollen and other allergens are deposited on the lenses and can also cause allergic symptoms.

Types of eye drops against allergies

In order to quickly remove the unpleasant manifestations of allergy on the part of the eyes (itching, conjunctival hyperemia, tearing, photophobia, edema), local drug therapy is needed. In ophthalmic practice for this purpose use several categories of eye drops:

• antihistamines;
• anti-inflammatory;
• vasoconstrictor.

They are used as monotherapy or combined with each other.

Antihistamine drops - substances that suppress an allergic reaction

Antihistamine eye drops (Ketotifen, Lekrolin, Opatanol, Azelastine, Olopatadin) have a quick antiallergic effect, and even in the acute period of allergic conjunctivitis they can quickly relieve itching and stop profuse tearing.

The active ingredients of antihistamine drops for the eyes block the release of histamine, interfere with its release into the intercellular space, inhibit the activity of mast cells involved in the formation of allergic reactions. The preparations stabilize the permeability of the membranes of mast cells, thereby reducing the possibility of cell contact with allergens. By the principle of their action, these drugs do not differ in any antihistamine drugs of systemic use, but the severity of side effects of the therapy is less pronounced.

Anti-inflammatory drops - drugs to suppress inflammation

Anti-inflammatory eye drops are corticosteroid (Lotoprednol) and non-steroidal (Akular). Such drops effectively relieve itching and allergic edema. However, anti-inflammatory drugs should be used with caution, and only under the supervision of the attending physician, since their long-term use may trigger the development of glaucoma, dry eye syndrome, and lens opacities. The purpose of these eye drops is shown when an infectious-allergic inflammatory process develops in the surface layers of the eye.

Vasoconstrictor drugs - substances of symptomatic action

Vasoconstrictor eye drops (Ocmetil, Vizin, Octylia) reduce swelling and redness of the eyes, smooth out the symptoms of allergies (itching, tearing, soreness of the mucous membrane). Prolonged use of these drops for the eyes quickly leads to addiction: when you cancel drops all the symptoms of the disease reappear. In addition, these drugs are well absorbed through the vascular system of the eye and enter the systemic circulation, thereby affecting all organs and tissues of the body.

Rules of application

The use of any eye drops must be agreed with your doctor. It is impossible to change the dosage and cancel the treatment prescribed by a specialist.

In the case of the simultaneous use of several types of drops, you should observe a strict sequence and maintain the intervals between taking different medications.

You can not replace the eye drops prescribed by a doctor with others, even if they have a similar composition.

Most eye drops are kept in the fridge. Excessively low temperature interferes with the normal absorption of the drug and may cause irritation of the mucous membrane. Therefore, before dropping a drop, it is necessary to slightly heat it up by briefly lowering the vial into hot water.

The use of some drops causes a burning sensation. If it does not pass within 2-3 days, you should stop treatment and consult a doctor.

Patients using contact lenses should wear them 10 minutes after instillation.

It is important to remember that eye drops for allergies have contraindications and side effects; therefore, only a qualified ophthalmologist can prescribe a particular drug, determine the dose and frequency of use.

Symptoms of an allergic reaction to any external or internal irritant:

1. redness of the mucous and inner eyelids of the eye;
2. tearing;
3. burning;
4. feeling cramps inside the eye;
5. eyelid swelling.

Whatever the cause of the allergy, it needs to be treated. For this, special eye drops are prescribed for allergies.

Types of eye disease in allergen reactions

Allergic diseases of the eye provoke a variety of factors, the clinical picture of the disease and the method of its treatment depend on it.

In some cases, the allergy is mild, manifested by tearing, itching and discomfort.

In severe forms of allergy, the optic nerve and retina are affected.

Allergy can be a catalyst for numerous eye pathologies - viral, bacterial and fungal infectious diseases.

Disease prone to those who regularly use any kind of contact lenses for a long period of wearing, without removing the lens at night.

The reason becomes:

• irritation of the conjunctiva by the edges of rigid and elastic lenses;
• allergic reactions  on the components of the solution for the disinfection and storage of lenses;
• accumulation of denatured tear protein on the lens itself.

Symptoms and manifestation:

• feeling of dryness and foreign body in the eye;
• burning;
• minor discharge accumulating in the corners of the lower eyelid;
• quick discomfort when wearing a lens.

Treatment:  eliminate the wearing of lenses at the time of treatment, after it is completed, change the lenses, liquid and container for their storage.

The cause of the disease are pronounced allergic reactions of the immediate type.

Symptoms and manifestations:

• burning;
• increased tearing;
• eyelid hyperemia;
• peeling and weeping sores on which crusts are formed.

Treatment:  appointed drops containing corticosteroids, and antibiotics that affect the staphylococcal group.

Photo: Atopic keratoconjunctivitis

The disease causes allergies to internal or external irritants:

• aggressive medicines;
• cosmetics;
• detergents;
• some types of plastic and metal (spectacle frames, jewelry, etc.);
• harmful fumes, gases, oils, solvents;
• dust;
• water;
• ultraviolet.

Often accompanied by food allergies, diathesis. Incubation period  may last up to several years.

Symptoms and manifestations:

1. small blisters and papules appear on the skin of the eyelids;
2. eyelid reddens and swells;
3. getting hot to the touch.

In severe forms:

• the eye is completely covered with swollen upper and lower eyelids;
• tears flow abundantly;
• in the corners accumulate discharge serous nature, which cause cracks and irritation on the mucous.

Treatment:

The reason is contact with external irritating allergens in the spring-summer period, most often in children.

It may be:

• pollen of flowers and plants;
• pet hair;
• ticks.

Symptoms and manifestations:

• puffiness;
• redness of the eyelids and mucous membranes;
• thick yellow discharge;
• it is painful for the patient to look at the bright daylight and sunlight; sores and scratches are noticeable on the eyeball;
• cough and runny nose can be observed along the way.

Treatment:

Drug reaction

Allergy is caused by improperly selected or used in an overdosage medication for local or systemic use.

This can be antibiotics, ointments, tablets, where the irritant can become both the main and auxiliary component.

Often, allergies cause preservatives and flavoring drugs.

List of groups of eye drops for allergies and their characteristics

Allergy drops are not all the same in their composition and pharmacological action.

So do not be surprised if suddenly you are prescribed two different medicines at the same time.

1. with anti-inflammatory action - stop growth and prevent the growth of bacteria. There are corticosteroid and nonsteroidal drugs;
2. with a vasoconstrictor effect - removes puffiness and redness. They are not suitable for a prolonged course of therapy for many reasons: they are quickly absorbed into the blood and distributed to all organs, after a few days the body gets used to the composition and stops responding. If you stop taking this type of drug, the symptoms will return again;
3. antihistamines - complexly reduce allergic manifestations, act very quickly, do not penetrate into other tissues and organs.

Antihistamine drops

They block the release of histamines and prostaglandins into the space between the cells, thereby quickly removing the symptoms of seasonal or chronic allergy during the exacerbation period.

Most Popular:

• Lecrolin;
• Azelostin;
• Olopatodin.

In parallel with the drops, antihistamines are usually prescribed in the form of tablets or syrups:

1. Laritidin;
2. Citrine;
3. Claritin;
4. Zodak

Vasoconstrictor

They affect the nervous system, effectively block the nerve endings and reduce the susceptibility of blood vessels, due to which edema, itching and discomfort disappear.

  Most popular - Vizin, Okumet.

Anti-inflammatory

Akular and Lotoprednol are the most commonly prescribed drugs.

They can be taken only on prescription of a doctor and under his constant supervision, since these are serious drugs.

With the abuse of which may develop:

• glaucoma;
• dry eye syndrome;
• other serious side effects that require separate treatment.

The main differences of the means used for treatment

For the treatment of allergic eye diseases  along with drops are also used:

• gels;
• ointment;
• pills;
• injections.

The treatment is necessary in very severe, recurrent forms of the disease - the medicine, introduced directly into the eyelid, acts instantly.

Ointments most often contain corticosteroids and are used in complex treatment, have a number of side effects, cause irritation and recurrent allergies more often than drops.

Tablets or syrups give a good effect, but, unlike drops that act locally, they are absorbed into the general circulatory system and are deposited in all tissues and organs.

Why should a doctor prescribe treatment or what is the danger of self-treatment?

Special care is needed in the appointment of antibiotics and corticosteroid drugs, as many patients can not tolerate some of their types.

Prolonged use of these drugs can provoke the development of other adverse diseases and worsen the patient’s general condition.

Because the type of drug, the dosage and duration of treatment is always prescribed only by a doctor.

Overview of the most popular and effective

Cromohexal 2%  - is prescribed for the treatment of keratitis and conjunctivitis, hay fever, as well as for the elimination of drying of the cornea when working at a computer.

The active ingredient is cromoglicic acid, which acts on the membranes of mast cells.

Quickly relieves swelling and itching, moisturizes well.

Since it begins to act a few days after the start of the course, when seasonal allergies  The course must be started in advance.

1-2 drops are dug in each eye from 4 to 8 times a day.

Immediately after installation, a short-term burning and visual acuity is possible.

Opatonol  - drops on the basis of olopatadin, a substance that suppresses the release of histamines and their contact with cells due to increased permeability of the vascular walls.

  Well removes swelling, redness, itching and tearing.

The maximum concentration occurs within 2 hours after installation. Instill 1-2 drops every 8 hours.

Can be used for several weeks in a row, suitable for children from 3 years.

Vizin Allergy  - drops on the basis of levocabastin, have antihistamine, moisturizing and vasoconstrictor properties.

Effective after a few minutes after instillation, the effect lasts up to 12 hours.

Instill 1 drop up to 3 times per day.

Rapid pain, blurred eyes, and burning may occur.

Not suitable for children under 12 years old.

Zaditen  - active ingredient ketatifen, effectively removing allergic manifestations.

Almost does not settle in the body even after two weeks of use, it is used for the prevention and treatment of conjunctivitis of varying severity.

Appointed to children from 12 years old, buried in 1 drop twice a day, the course of treatment - up to 6 weeks.

At the beginning of therapy, photophobia, pain, and headache may develop.

Indications for use

Drops prescribe:

• in acute and chronic allergic diseases;
• for prevention during the flowering period;
• when working with hazardous substances and equipment;
• in the postoperative period.

Contraindications

Ocular preparations, depending on their type and active ingredient, should not be taken or taken with caution:

• pregnant and lactating;
• children under the age of 12;
• patients suffering;
• with personal intolerance of one of the components in the composition of the drug.

Comparative cost table

Indicates the average prices of network pharmacies.

How to bury eyes

In order for the medicine to work properly and effectively, it is important to apply it correctly.

Follow the procedure strictly following the instructions below:

1. prepare drops in the eyes with allergies, a cotton swab or a napkin, a pipette, if the dropper tip is not provided on the bottle;
2. wash your hands clean with soap and open the bottle. The sealed cap should emit a characteristic click when opened;
3. if you bury the drops on your own, tilt your head back, pull the upper eyelid off with one hand and look up;
4. carefully drip the medicine into the space formed between the eyeball and the lower eyelid towards the nose;

5. It is desirable not to touch the tip of the bottle or pipette to any surface of the eye.

6. close your eye, press a cotton swab or a napkin to the eyelid, gently press it to penetrate the fabric more efficiently, and wait a few minutes;

If you bury the eyes of a child or another patient:

• ask him to lie on his back and throw his head;
• first pull up one eyelid, as indicated in the previous paragraph, and introduce the medicine;
• repeat the procedure with the second eye, if necessary;
• ask the patient to lie down for a few minutes with his eyes closed.

Before digging in, remove contact lenses of any kind and wash off makeup products.

1. to go out, especially during the cold season;
2. wear glasses;
3. strain your eyes - watch TV, work at the computer, read a book.

Pay attention to whether the chemical composition of the drops allows you to drive a car and other devices that require increased attention.

Video: Eye Binding Instructions

Why is it important to observe the shelf life of eye drops

In the instructions of any medicine is always specified expiration date to which it should be used.

These terms should not be violated: at best, the medicine will not work, and at worst it will cause serious side effects and complications up to intoxication.

This is especially true of eye drops containing antibiotics, the main requirement for the use of which is sterility.

Many overlook another very important moment: the expiration date specified in the instructions applies only to the unopened bottle.

If the drops were opened, the shelf life of several years is sharply reduced to several weeks.

Even if you have not used all the drops and the medicine is still in the vial, do not regret it, throw it away after the end of the course of treatment. It is no longer suitable for storage and reuse.

What means prescribed to pregnant women and children

Allergic diseases do not spare anyone, and young children as well. What eye drops for children are offered by modern manufacturers of pharmacological agents?

During pregnancy, any medications are prescribed, based on this rule: if the benefits of the drug for the mother are greater than the likely harm to the fetus, the drug can be used, but in benign doses.

At the slightest deterioration of health and the manifestation of side effects, therapy should be stopped immediately and consult a doctor. Only a specialist can prescribe or cancel medicines for women during the period of carrying a child.

What to do if the medicine bottle is no longer sterile.

Observe the purity of the bottle - in particular, its tip and cap, - one of the main requirements for the method of storage of the drug.

Therefore it is impossible:

1. leave drops unclosed on a shelf or even in a home first aid kit;
2. carry out procedures with dirty hands;
3. allow drops to be used by another patient.

What threatens non-compliance with the rules of hygiene?

1. medicinal solution loses its properties and becomes useless when in contact with the external environment;
2. bacteria on the cap or tip can cause secondary infection of the eye.

So what to do, if due to carelessness the bottle with eye drops remained open, fell to the floor or was it used by other people?

Each physician will say:

1. it is wiser and more expedient not to use these drops anymore;
2. throw out the vial without sparing the medication;
3. buy new.

Some thrifty patients try to restore sterility by wiping the bottle with an alcohol solution or an antibacterial disinfectant - for example, bacillol.

But this is an erroneous and ineffective method, since most of the nutrients from an open vial evaporate, and the bacteria are still not completely destroyed.

Therefore, the answer will be: if the bottle of medicine for the eyes is no longer sterile, it should be thrown out and buy, if necessary, a new package with medicine.

Adverse events or when to call an ambulance

When, after using eye drops for allergies, the symptoms not only did not diminish, but began to appear more intense.

And if such manifestations as:

1. pallor or vice versa redness of the skin;
2. severe swelling of the face, neck and limbs;
3. shortness of breath and wheezing when breathing;
4. fever or chills;
5. a sharp decline in vision, a blurry or double image in front of the eyes, dots and bright spots;
6. nose bleed;
7. ringing or tinnitus, headache, nausea;
8. tachycardia - an ambulance should be called immediately. In no case, do not give the patient any more antihistamine drugs, flush the eyes with clean water and wait for the help of doctors.

What means helps with tearing flowering

Often a person throughout the year leads a completely normal life and has no complaints. But with the onset of spring and flowering plants severely suffers from allergies. What drugs should be chosen in this case?

  Drops should contain antihistamines that quickly relieve swelling and itching.

Combining them with corticosteroid drugs can not be - so increases the risk of infection.

• Vizin;
• Nafkon-A;
• Opcon-A.