Defining a halazion

Halazion (Graddina) - swelling of the century, caused by blockage of rigorous (Mabomiyeva) gland and the accumulation of liquid in it. It can appear on the eyelids of both eyes, often visually resembles barley, but his difference in chronic flow. This pathology is observed in adults and children. Maibomi glands are branched sebaceous glands located in the depths of the cartilage of the upper and lower eyelid. These are output ducts, opening in the growth line of eyelashes.

With normal functional activity, they produce a fat secret that moisturizes the tear film and lubricates the cornea and edges of the eyelids, reducing the friction between the edge of the eyelids and the front surface of the eye in the process of blinking. The blockage leads to the fact that the fattest secret is accumulated in the duct, the iron increases in the amount and the capsule is formed.

If the halazion does not open and worried a man for a long period, a cyst may form, which is very dangerous for the body. Basically, pathology develops slowly. The first sign - the swollen eyelid becomes noticeable in 2 weeks. Basically, the Halazion is distinguished by a benign chronic flow. The disease may occur even after the end of treatment.

Causes of Halazion

The halazion develops when heocoled, it happens in winterafter bathing in cold water Basin, etc. Clocking the gland is a consequence of barley or. The reasons for changes include a decrease in immunity, the presence of colds, non-compliance with personal hygiene.

Wearing contact lenses provoke the clogging of the gland. The causes of the disease are much, it is believed that increased fatty skin leads to inflammation, disruption of the gastrointestinal tract, chronic or, dyskinesia of yellow-withdrawing paths and changes in the hormonal level.

Halazion symptoms

The halazion is manifested by painful sensations from touching the century, local redness in the conjunctivation zone. The acute period may differ in the suppuration, the excessive growth of the tissue (granulation) is found, redness of the skin of the eyelids, spontaneous opening and the selection of pus through the fistula.

The decline in vision does not depend on the disease, but at large sizes, the bump has a mechanical impact on the cornea it can affect the vision and on the development of astigmatism of the eyes. The course of the disease is accompanied by the emergence of a rounded formation at the edge of the upper or lower eyelid.

Types of Halazion

Clinically, Nizhnya Halazion or upper century It appears in the form of a limited swelling, it becomes more visible in the cartilaginous tissue of the century. Sometimes a halazion strikes the lower eyelid, stretched towards the conjunctiva. The skin in the area of \u200b\u200bblockage appears remains unchanged.

The tumor may not progress in growth, then possible its independent absorption. If it increases in volume, then accordingly, it will attain a conjunctival and will lead to the appearance of mushroom-like granuloma.

Diagnosis and treatment of a halazion

The halazion is diagnosed without instruments and surrender analyzes, with visual inspection of the age of the doctor. Typically, patients complain about the appearance of education in the form of a ball, redness of the century and rarely performed blinking movements. To treat the halazion, you should begin immediately after it is detected. Early appeal to the doctor makes it possible to exclude operational intervention.

The initial foci of the lesion can be treated at home after the consultation of the doctor. Treatment at home is limited by the use of dry, warm compresses and lightweight century. Under the conditions of polyclinics - UHF therapy.

But in the presence of symptoms of inflammation treatment, the heat is strictly prohibited, because abscess or phlegmon centuries can develop, requiring urgent medical care. The appointment of procedures and drugs is carried out depending on the severity of pathological changes. The early period of development of the Halazion is treated with eye drops and yellow mercury ointi for eyes.

The later stage of the disease requires the use of absorption corticosteroids. They are injected with a thin needle in the cavity of the resulting capsule. Among the means of rapid assistance, antibacterial and disinfecting ointments and drops such as sodium sulphacyl, opxacing, hydrocortisone, dexamethasone, levofloxacin, tetracycline ointment are distinguished.

An excellent action marked ointment, for example, the maxigol in the composition of which, in addition to the antibiotic, there is a steroid anti-inflammatory substance. In the absence of an effect from therapeutic methods, a challenge is performed. The operation is carried out under local anesthesia, takes only 15-20 minutes. The halazion is opened by the skin, at the end impose 1-2 seam or from the side of the conjunctiva.

After operating manipulations, the gulling bandage for 5-7 days is superimposed on the eye, drops or ointment ointment are applied daily for 7 days. In the case of the formation of a fistula, a cut is performed along its move, and there are converted fabrics, after which the seams are superimposed. In case of recurrence of the disease at the place of operation, the fabric is taken to the study to eliminate malignant education in the meibomic gland. In the process of treatment, it is necessary to identify concomitant diseases that contribute to the development of this pathology.

Prevention of Halazion

Remember that the Halazion can cause a change in the appearance of the face. The resulting defect under or over the century interferes with the normal function of the century and also does not look attractive. Compliance with hygiene, the use of clothing in the season that protects from supercooling, swimming in water with an acceptable temperature, the use of vitamins - the pledge of eye health.

Expert editor: Mochalov Pavel Alexandrovich | d. n. therapist

Education: Moscow Medical Institute. I. M. Sechenov, specialty - "therapeutic case" in 1991, in 1993 " Professional diseases", in 1996" therapy ".

It is manifested in the form of hypersensitivity reactions to any irritant (cosmetics, dust, wool and so on). In this case, the severity of symptomatics varies from light hyperemia, itching the skin of the eyelid to the manifestations of toxic-allergic keratitis (inflammatory illness of the cornea of \u200b\u200bthe eyes in humans), damage to the retina and spectator nerve. Allergic dermatitis and conjunctivitis are most common.

Amblyopia

Disorder of the visual function when one eye performs a major role in the process of vision. In this case, the activity of another is suppressed ("lazy eye"). There is a progressive reduction in vision. Amberopia leads to squint when one eye deviates to the side. More often, pathology is manifested in children. Early diagnosis and treatment (conservative or operational) contributes to complete recovery.

Angiopathy

The vascular disease of the retina is human eye, arising from a circulatory impairment, nervous regulation of vessel tone. Based on the pathology that caused angiopathy, it can be: hypertensive, diabetic, hypotonic, traumatic. It is manifested by boding and reducing vision, "lightning" in the eyes. The diagnosis is made on the basis of the survey of the eye dna (ophthalmoscopy). More often found in persons over 30 years old.

Aisocoria

It is manifested by the difference in the diameter of the pupils of the right and left eye. It may be an option for the physiological norm or arose as a result of related diseases. In the first case, the state usually does not cause treatment and does not require treatment. In the second, the symptoms of pathology that caused an anisocorium (limited mobility of eyeballs, pain, photophobia, etc.) is noted.

Asthenopia

The state of overwork the organs of the vision is accompanied by symptomatics of the visual stress: a sharpening, hyperemia, tumorivanivation, twin of the image, tearing, headaches, and so on. The main cause of asthenopia is a continuous concentration of attention on a nearby object (computer screen, television and so on). In the running stage, blepharitis, conjunctivitis, developing myopia can occur.

Astigmatism

The defect of the structure of the eye optics, in which the light rays are incorrectly focused on the retina. Based on the impaired form of a lens or cornea, a crystal, corneal astigmatism is distinguished or common - when combined. Symptoms of the disease includes a decrease in vision, blur, fuzziness of the image, its split, overwork, eye stress, headache.

Blepharitis

Ophthalmological inflammatory pathology of the edges of a century, often having a chronic form. It may be an independent infectious disease in humans caused by various pathogens, or be a consequence of other diseases of the body (gastrointestinal, endocrine and other). It is manifested by hyperemia, eyelids, burning, itching, itching, falling out and gluing eyelashes, secretions.

Blefarospasm

Spasification of circular eye muscles, externally manifests as reinforced clogging. At the same time, disorders of tears, eyelidity, tearing can be noted. Possible causes of pathology are considered age-related changes, damage to the facial nerve, brain structures, various diseases, taking neuroleptics. A severe form of pathology actually makes people blind with a normal function of view.

Myopia (myopia)

Disruption of the optical structure of the eye when the focus of the image is not concentrated on the retina, but in the front of its plane. As a result, objects at the far distance seem vague, fuzzy. At the same time, the visual function in relation to neighboring images remains normal. Based on the degree of pathology, the violation varies from the easy fuzziness of the contours to the pronounced vagueness of the subject.

Temple Arteritis

Damage to arteries (mainly eye, temporal, vertebrates) due to dysfunction immune system. As a result, a chronic inflammatory process arises, accompanied by a sharp deterioration of vision, including peripheral, sometimes to full loss (with occlusion of the central artery of the retina), paralysis of the glaze nerve, eye-eye ischemic syndrome. It is more often noted by persons over 60-80 years.

Hemophthalm (eye hemorrhage)

Blood falling into the cavity of the eye (in the vitreous body), accompanied by the appearance of points in front of the eye, web, shadows, vision, up to its sharp loss while preserving photosensitivity (light - darkness). The causes of pathology are the breaks of newly formed vessels, retinal detachment with a break or its gap without detachment, injury, eye operations, common diseases of vessels (hypertension, vasculitis, oncology and others).

Heterochromia

A rare condition characterized by different or uneven color of the eye shells. It is a consequence of a deficit or excess melanin. The smaller it in the rainbow shell, the lighter color. The Internet contains many photos with various variations of this pathology. The causes of the disease, when a person has different eyes, is heredity, neurofibromatosis, injury, drugs from glaucoma and others.

Gifema

It is characterized by penetration of blood into the front chamber of the eye and sedimentation in the lower part of it. Based on the volume of blood, visual acuity can deteriorate, sometimes the patient distinguishes only light. The causes of pathology are injuries, eye operations, eye diseases with increasing newly formed vessels on a rainbow shell, common diseases (violation of hemostasis, anemia, blood cancer, alcoholism, and so on).

Glaucoma

Chronic pathology, leading to an irreversible damage to the visual nerve due to the periodic or constant increase in intraocular pressure. It often has an asymptomatic flow or accompanied by boding, a decrease in peripheral vision, pain in the eye, multicolored circles in front of it when looking at bright light. There are an open-angle and closed-deed glaucoma, without treatment, pathology leads to blindness.

DacriooDenit

Inflammation of the tear gland of acute or chronic flow. In the first case, arises as a result of infectious diseases (vapotitis, scarletten, angina, etc.). In the second may be present during tuberculosis, blood cancer, syphilis. Pathology is manifested by pain in the area of \u200b\u200bthe gland, hyperemia, swelling, possibly exophthalm. In case of untimely treatment, an affectionate or abscess occurs, which is accompanied by an increase in body temperature, ailment.

Dacryocystitis

Inflammation of the tear bag of acute or chronic flow. Arises as a result of a violation of the outflow of tears caused by inflammatory states of the cavity of the nose, its sinuses, bones surrounding a tear bag. It is manifested by swelling, hyperemia of the region, a tear, purulent discharge points. Pathology can provoke hazardous purulent-septic complications (meningitis, brain abscess).

Falcastness (hypermetropium)

Defects of view characterized by focusing the image behind the retina. With a low degree of pathology (up to +3 diopters), the visual function within the normal range, with moderate (up to +5 diopters), there is a good vision of the distance and difficult at close range. With a pronounced degree (over +5 diopters), the patient suffers from poor vision and near, and away. Headaches may also be marked, eye fatigue, ambulopia, squint and so on.

Daltonism

Dysfunction of view, manifested in the impossibility of distinguishing colors. At the same time, the degree of violation may be different: from the inability to distinguish one or more colors to complete absence Perception of shades. Pathology occurs due to the dysfunction of the flower sensitive receptors (colodes) in the center of the retina of the eye, may be congenital or acquired (in injuries, eye diseases, age-related changes, etc.).

Demodecosis

Pathological change in the structural structure of the gel-like substance that fills the cavity between the retina and the lens of the eye. There is a thickening of the thickening elements of the vitreous body with a decrease in transparency and their subsequent liquefaction and wrinkling. Clinically pathology is manifested by black dots before your eyes. Reasons are age-related changes, local inflammation, injuries, organ dysfunction (liver, kidney and others).

Diabetic Retinopathy

Complication of diabetes mellitus, characterized by damage to the vessels of the retina and cornea of \u200b\u200bvarying degrees of severity. Can lead to blindness. Pathology develops with increasing permeability and the growth of newly formed vessels on the retina, causing its detachment and loss of vision. Perhaps a long flow without symptoms, there may be no clarity of the image, in the future there is a gradual or sharp impairment of vision.

Diplopia (Two)

The dysfunction of view, which consists in doubling the image due to the deviation of the eyeball of one eye. Based on the localization of muscle lesion, there is a parallel branch or the location of the objects under consideration over each other. When closing one eye, the bond in most cases is stopped (except for monocular diplopia). Patients may have dizziness, difficulties in assessing the location of objects.

Dystrophy retina

Progressive irreversible changes in the retina, leading to a deterioration or loss of vision. It is found in different age categories. Reasons are vascular lesions (with hypertension, coronary heart disease, injuries, diabetes), myopia, heredity. Pathology can develop during pregnancy. Perhaps asymptomatic flow or manifestation in the form of points in front of the eyes, a blind spot in the center, reducing vision in the dark, its distortion.

Rear coupling

The detachment of the hyaloid membrane of the vitreous body from the inner mesh membrane. Pathology is manifested by flashing "flies", flakes, lace and so on (especially when looking at a monophonic background), a dark "curtain" in front of the eye, turbidity of vision. Lightning may be present in the form of bright light outbreaks (especially with closed eyelids). Usually pathology does not need treatment.

Iridocyclit

Refers to an infectious ophthalmic disease. It is an inflammatory state of the ciliary body and eye iris (front will avyitit), often caused by general diseases (herpes, flu, etc.). Pathology is expressed by hyperemia of the eyeball, a change in the color of the iris, the irregular shape of the pupil, pain in the eye, temple, tear, light-in-friendly, insignificant impairment of vision.

Cataract

The gradual substitution of water-soluble proteins in the structure of the lens by water-insoluble, which is accompanied by its inflammation, edema and turbidity, loss of transparency. Pathology is distinguished by the progressive course and irreversible changes. Cataract damages the entire lens or part of it, it becomes the reason for the reduction of the visual function, almost the full loss of its loss, daltonism, bias in the eye, sensitivity to bright lighting.

Keratitis

It belongs to the bacterial, virus disease of the eyes in a person characterized by an inflammatory process in the cornea of \u200b\u200bthe eye. Based on the degree of lesion of its layers, the surface and deep keratitis distinguish. The symptoms of the disease include hyperemia of the tissue of the eyelid, the eyeball, the feeling of the foreign object in the eye, pain, blefafarpasm, tearing, turbidity of the cornea (Belmo).

Keratokonus.

The progressive ending of the cornea followed by the protrusion (due to intraocular pressure) and the adoption of an irregular form (conical instead of spherical). Usually develops from adolescent age, manifested by 20-30, starting with one eye, but subsequently spreading to both. There is a progress of reducing vision, image distortion, myopia, eye fatigue.

Cyst

Benign education of congenital or acquired origin. The initial manifestations of the cystic - the formation of small bubbles with hyperemic leather near them. Pathology is accompanied by turbidity of vision, stupid soreness in the eyeball. The reasons for the appearance of cysts are inflammatory, degenerative states, innate defects, long-term therapy with potent medications for eyes, injury.

Koloboma Eye.

The defect of the eye characterized by the absence of a part of the eye shell. Koloboma may be congenital (due to intrauterine disorders) or acquired (as a result of injuries, necrosis, non-viability of the elements of the structure of the eye). The symptoms of pathology include the inability of regulation of the volume of incoming light, the impossibility of the eye is reduced, violation of accommodation, the appearance of cattle, cosmetic defect.

Computer visual syndrome

An unfavorable symptoms provoking the factor of which is working at a computer. It is manifested by the fatigue of the eyes, the feeling of the severity of the eyelid, ragged by blink. When progressing symptoms, visualization of vision, tearing, photosensitivity, the feeling of "sand" in the eyes, their hyperemia, dryness, burning, pain in the area of \u200b\u200bthe eye and forehead are.

Contantagious mollusk

Refers to a viral eye illness in a person affecting skin and mucous membranes. More often found in childhood and is contagious. Pathology is expressed in the appearance of small painless dense nodules of the convex shape with a cuftoid pressure in the middle. When compressing, a white substance is released. The disease can cause itching, dermatitis, conjunctivitis, scarring.

Conjunctivitis

The inflammatory process in the mucous membrane of the transparent shell of the eye is conjunctiva. It may be bacterial, viral, fungal, allergic, while some species are very infectious (more often disseminates the disease contact path). Conjunctivitis is possible or chronic form. The disease is accompanied by edema and hyperemia, discharge (mucous or purulent), itching, photosensitivity, burning, thumb.

Strabismus

The phenomenon of eye deflection from the total point of fixation, in which they look in different directions. Comes as a result of the inconsistent work of the glasses. The squint can be periodic or constant, accompanied by a violation of binocular vision. Among its reasons, myopia, injuries, astigmatism, expressed hyperopia, the pathology of the central nervous system, congenital defects, infections, psychotrauma, somatic diseases.

Xantelsman

Benign formation of yellowish color in the region of a small size (to beans), which is a cluster of cholesterol. Pathology indicates a violation of lipid metabolism, formed in persons of middle and old age. Requires diagnosis differentiation with cancer tumor. When progressing the disease, plaques may increase and merge, transforming in xanthomas (nodal formations).

Chicken blindness

View dysfunction with reduced lighting. A sharp deterioration in the visual function is celebrated at night, at dusk, at the entrance to the dark room from light and so on. There are difficulties with orientation in space, there is a narrowing of the fields of view, the inosphection of blue and yellow colors. Pathology is congenital, symptomatic (with retinal dystrophy, glaucoma, atrophy of the optic nerve), essential (with vitamin A shortage).

Leiomioma Rainbow

Rarely encountered benign education from muscular fabric Rainbow shell. The growth of leiomiomes is slow, pathology can proceed asymptomatic, manifests itself by changing the shade of the iris. With a large size of the tumor, complications may occur: the gifems, the fall in view, the growth of intraocular pressure, glaucoma, cataract, the destruction of the eye (during the germination of education).

Macouture

Degenerative Macula Pathology (Retinal Center), developing in dystrophic phenomena in retina tissues. The most common cause of the loss of central vision in persons over 50 years old, however, the pathology does not lead to full blindness (the peripheral visual function is preserved). Difficulties are noted when reading, looking at small parts, contour distortions, thumping the image.

Macular swelling

It is a symptom various diseases Eyes (uveitis, diabetic retinopathy, vein thrombosis). It is a swelling of Makula (retina center), which is responsible for central vision, due to the accumulation of fluid in its tissue. The symptoms description includes image distortion, the acquisition of a pink shade, turbidity of central vision, periodic fall (usually in the morning), photosensitivity.

Macuine break

Tissue of retinal tissues in a macular zone. The defect can be partial or end-to-end, usually occurs in persons over 50 years old, mainly in women. Symptoms manifests itself gradually, as the discharge formation is slow. There is a deterioration in the central vapor, distortion of image contours, a decrease in color consumption. In this case, the peripheral visual function is preserved, symptoms are observed on an affected eye.

Midship (pupil expansion)

The expansion of the pupil, which can be physiological (with reduced lighting, stress) or pathological, one-sided or observed in both eyes. Pathological mydriasis can be observed when using some drugs, with pupil sphincter paralysis (with epilepsy, glaucoma, hydrocephalus, etc.), with inxications (botulusm, quinine, cocaine poisoning, cocaine, and so on), in the spa of the pupil dilator (with a brain damage).

Miodofisia

Miodofisia is an eye disease in a person characterized by flashing in front of the eyes of dark "flies", points, spots that slowly move when moving the eyes and after their stop. The most good patient sees the "flies" on a light homogeneous background. Pathology indicates destructive changes in the structure of the vitreous body. It can be observed during fatigue, retinal diseases, in myopia, hemorrhage, vascular problems.

Disturbance of peripheral vision

Violation of lateral vision of various degrees of severity: from small non-functioning sites to limit the visibility of an island in the central part (tunnel vision). In this case, violations can be observed on one or two eyes. Among the causes of pathology, they allocate glaucoma, damage to the retina, optic nerve, brain, increase intracranial pressure.

Neurry optic nerve

Acute inflammation of the visual nerve, accompanied by a deterioration of vision. Pathology develops unexpectedly, there is a sharp decline in the visual function, color perception, the appearance of "stains" in front of the eye (periodic or permanent). Possible pain per eye, headache (with retrobulbar neuritis). The reasons are infections, somatic diseases, injuries, alcoholic intoxication.

Necess vascular shell

A benign education consisting of accumulation of pigment cells (choroid neust). It is formed from birth, but usually detected in adults (after pigmentation). It is more often located in the backyard of the Eye Dna. It is initially localized in the surface tissues of the vascular shell, subsequently penetrates the layers. Inpatient (monophonic and non-growing) and progressive (prone to increase) nevi.

Neovascularization (rubes) iris

The formation of newly formed vessels on the iris eye. At the same time, they differ fragility and easily traumatized, causing a gif. Spreading to the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye, they provoke the development of secondary glaucoma. The causes of pathology are diabetic retinopathy, retinal thrombosis and its detachment, disruption of blood circulation in the orphanage.

Formation of newly formed vessels in the tissue of the cornea. The reasons for the occurrence of pathology include injuries, burn burns, the use of contact lenses, cornea inflammation, degenerative, dystrophic changes in it, operations in this area. There are superficial, deep and combined neovascularization. As a result of pathology, the transparency of the cornea decreases, the vision is deteriorated until its full loss.

Nistagm

Rare pathology is characterized by uncontrolled repetitive effects of the eyes. There is a pendulum (uniform movements from one side to another), pushing (slow move towards and quick return to the original position) nystagma. Typically, pathology is present from birth, but may manifest in adults after injury, brain and eye diseases. There is a low visual function.

Occlusion central artery retina

Violation of the blood supply of retinal tissues, as a result of which nerve cells die. As a result of occlusion (vascular catastrophe), irreversible loss of vision occurs. Pathology arises against the background of hypertension, narrowing the lumen of the carotid artery, atherosclerosis, heart disease and vessels. At the same time, there is a sharp partial loss of a field of view or a decrease in the visual function of one eye.

Retinal detachment

Pathological disconnection of retinal layers from vascular shell and pigment epithelium. Is an hazardous conditionrequiring urgent surgery to avoid complete loss of vision. Pathology proceeds painlessly, characterized by a decrease in visual function, including lateral vision, the occurrence of lightning, pellens, sparks, distortion of contours, shapes, image sizes.

Ophthalmogirertivia

An increase in intraocular pressure without pathological changes inherent in primary glaucoma. It is expressed by the feeling of cutting in the eyes, fragile in them, headache. Distinguish between essential and symptomatic ophthalmogypertensia. The first one arises from the middle and old ages with imbalance of production and outflow of moisture. The second is the result of a different pathology (eye disease, organism, actions of toxic factors and other).

Pigment abiotrophy of the retina

Rare hereditary dystrophic pathology characterized by the defeat of retinal sticks. At the same time, there is a decrease in the visual function at low light, progressive deterioration of peripheral vision (up to full loss), the fall in visual acuity, the color perception of the image. Pathology provokes the development of glaucoma, macular edema, cataracts, closet of lens. Can lead to blindness.

Pingwekula

Thickened yellowish education in elderly people standing out against the background of white conjunctiva. It is considered a sign of her aging. The provoking factors of the occurrence of pathology is the impact on the conjunctival of ultraviolet, smoke, wind and so on. Accompanied by dryness, discomfort in the area of \u200b\u200bthe eye, redness around the pingwekuli, a sense of foreign body. Pengeculite may occur (inflammation and swelling of education).

Century twitching

A common phenomenon caused by repeating abbreviations of circular eye muscles. Usually, the twitching attack quickly and spontaneously passes. However, sometimes it can last weeks, creating a pronounced discomfort. The reasons of the phenomenon can serve as overwork, stress, an increased eye load, their dryness, allergies, caffene-containing drinks.

Burning cornea (Belmo)

The defect of the eye, in which the cornea loses its transparency, the ability to skip light waves, acquires a white color. In the future, the color of the leaky becomes yellowish. The preservation of the vision function depends on the size and localization of Luma (urgent treatment is required at its central location). Usually there is a partial loss of vision. Treatment of pathology is possible with the help of surgical intervention.

Presbyopia

Age-related diseasedness associated with crystal changes after 40 years. It occurs its seal, loss of elasticity, the impossibility of focusing view on closely located objects. The manifestations of the disease are the blurring of the image near, eye tension when focusing view (when reading, sewing, etc.), their overwork, headaches.

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy

The growth of fibrous fabric in the retina and the vitreous body. There is a primary (the disease is not due to any causes) and secondary (damage to the eye during injury, detachment and retinal break, operation, diabetes, etc.) Proliferative vitreoretinopathy. As a result of pathology, the combat of a vitreous body and retina occurs, the probability of its detachment increases, leading to blindness in the absence of an operation.

Pesigium

Degenerative pathology characterized by the growing conjunctiva to the center of the cornea. In progression, the PTRIGUM can spread to the center of the optical zone of the cornea, provoking a decrease in the visual function. At the initial stage, hyperemia, swelling, itching, the feeling of the foreign object, vision, is noted in the development of pathology. Treatment of disease surgical.

Ptosis

The omission of the upper eyelid from insignificant to expressed with the closure of the eye slit. Pathology is observed in children and adults. Based on the degree of severity, it may be partial (the eyelid is lowered to the level of the upper third of the pupil), incomplete (up to the middle), complete (closing the pupil). Ptosis is accompanied by irritation, eye tensile, voltage when closing them, strabismus, two. Characteristic of the "Star Pose" (backstage of the head).

Rasp retinal

Damage to the integrity of the retinal eye, often leading to its detachment. Perhaps asymptomatic course of pathology. Lightning can be marked in the eyes (especially in dark places), flickering of flies, a drop in view, the narrowing of its fields, image distortion, one-sided bearing (is the symptom of the break and retinal detachment). The disease requires urgent medical care to avoid complete loss of vision.

Retinit

Inflammatory process affecting the retina eye. The main cause of the disease is infection, the pathogens of which are different pathogenic microorganisms: fungi, viruses, bacteria, and so on. Pathology is manifested by a decrease in the visual function, the severity of which depends on the localization of inflammation, a change in color perception, image distortion, the appearance of lightning, sparks before eyes.

Retinochizis

The stratification of the retina of the eye as a result of the cluster of the fluid between its layers. In this case, its dysfunction occurs mainly in the peripheral part. There is a decrease in lateral vision. With pronounced lesion, the patient's disorientation is observed with poor illumination. When damaged the retinal center, the risk of irreversible loss of vision arises. It may occur to a detachment, hemophthalm.

Recurrent erosion of the cornea

Damage to the epithelium of the cornea, prone to repetitions. It is formed after injury to the surface layer of the cornea or as a result of dystrophic changes in it. Pathology manifests pain in the eye directly after the formation of erosion, a sense of a foreign body in it, hyperemia, tearing, photosensitivity, reduced vision (with a large size and central location of damage).

Photophobia

Increased photosensitivity, accompanied by pain, rejuvenation, burning in the eyes, the desire to pushed or close the eyes. Symptomatics causes sunny or artificial light. The photophobia serves as a sign of various pathologies: eye inflammation (keratitis, conjunctivitis and others), their damage (burn, erosion), hereditary conditions (albinism, color blindness), various diseases (infectious, nervous system), intoxications.

Syndrome cat eye

Rare chromosomal pathology, having 2 main manifestations: the iris (feline eye) defect and the absence of anus. The main cause of the disease is heredity. Cat's disease in humans is accompanied by a complex of heavy symptoms: a complete or partial absence of iris, omitting the outer corners of the eyes, the epicantitus, cocoiss of cataract, squint. There are also signs of defeat of other organs (hearts, vessels, kidneys and similar).

Red Eyes Syndrome

The symptom of numerous diseases of the organs of view, manifesting hyperemia of the eye area, mainly conjunctiva. Such pathologies include conjunctivitis, injuries, glaucoma, dry eye syndrome, injections, allergies, iridocyclite, and so on. Hyperemia can be accompanied by pain, burning, itching, swelling, light-in-friendly, tearing, a sense of foreign bodies.

Martan Syndrome

Less defect due to connective tissue failure. A reinforced extensibility of the body tissues is observed, which is based on the disorders. The eye manifestations include myopia, changes in the iris (koloboma), glaucoma, sublux or dislocation, cataract, retinal detachment, squint.

Sukho eye syndrome

A common condition due to violation of production processes and evaporation of tears from the cornea. The main cause of pathology is lack of tear-products. An excessive eye loads on the eyes can cause syndrome, the use of contact lenses, the effects of dust, wind, smoke, cosmetics irritation, reception of some drugs, hormonal imbalance and so on. Pathology is accompanied by discomfort, burning, hyperemia, tearing and other signs.

Scleerit

Inflammatory state of the fibrous shell of the eyeball. The causes of pathology are serve rheumatoid arthritis, Bekhterev's disease, system red lupus and others. Possible infectious nature of the disease. The manifestations of the disease include hyperemia of the eyeball, the formation of inflammation nodules, the thinning of the sclera, pain, high light sensitivity, tearing. When moving the process to other tissues, vision is possible.

Tear

Selection of tear fluid. Increased products and outflow disruption can be caused by many states: reaction to pain, stress, and other, irritating effect on the conjunctival or nasal mucosa, inflammatory phenomena in the eye, pathologies of the lacrimal gland, anatomical defects, allergies, dry eye syndrome, older age (with the weakness of the muscles of the tear tubules).

Accommodation spasm

Defect of view, manifested by symptoms of overworking eyes. More often, pathology is observed in children with a violation of the day mode, an inorganized workplace at the student. However, pathology is possible in adults. It is caused by a long reading, a computer, embroidery, and so on. The manifestations include fatigue of organs of vision, hyperemia, thread, pain in the eyes, headaches, impairment of vision in the distance (false myopia).

Subconjunctive hemorrhage

Power out blood from a damaged vessel under the conjunctiva. Pathology may occur in the elderly (due to the brittleness of the vessels, during atherosclerosis, diabetes), with a sharp increase in venous pressure (when coughing, lifting weights, vomiting), during injuries, operations. Despite the pronounced cosmetic defect, this type of hazardous hazard does not represent.

Trachoma

Infectious eye disease, whose causative agent is chlamydia. Patients have damage to the cornea and conjunctiva, leading to a pronounced scarring of the fabrics of the last, cartilage and complete loss of vision (reversible). Pathology is usually observed in two eyes, initially the conjunctivation is inflamed, hyperemia appears, the cornea is crushed at the later stages, the corpse of the century develops. In Russia, trachoma is liquidated.

Central Vienna Thrombosis

Pathology is more often noted in persons of middle and elderly, if there is an atherosclerosis, hypertension, sugar diabetes as an anamnesis. A young group of population thrombosis can be the result of common diseases (influenza, pneumonia, sepsis), local infection (inflammatory phenomena in teeth, nasal sinuses), hemostasis disorders. Pathology is manifested by a decrease in the visual function or the occurrence of blind sites in the field of view of one eye.

Uveite

The inflammatory condition of all or individual parts of the vascular shell of the eye (front, rear). It is possible to defeat the surrounding tissues (sclera, retina, optic nerve). The causes of pathology may be infections, injuries, immune and exchange dysfunctions. Among the symptoms are distinguished by clouding or reduction of vision, photophobia, eye hyperemia, tearing, pain in the field of lesion.

Halazion

A small dense formation within a century, resulting from inflammation and blockage of the mabomi gland. The formation of a defect is determined by the accumulation of its secretion. For the reasons of pathology include diseases digestive tract, weakened immunity. The halazion is manifested by an edema of the century, soreness and irritation of fabrics (at the initial stage), then a convex stain of a red or gray shade is formed.

Central serous chorioretinopathy

Limited retinal detachment as a result of fluid flow under its fabric due to increased permeability of capillaries. The disease is noted in different age categories (20-60 years), estimated reasons - physical exercise, Stress. It appears suddenly, manifests a decrease in vision (when damaged in the center of the retina), image distortion, the occurrence of a darkened translucent area in front of the eye.

Exophthalm.

The defect of the organs of view that manifests itself in the form of moving forward one or both of the eyeballs. The disease of the punched eyes in humans may occur during endocrine ophthalmopathy, inflammation of the lacrimal gland, adipose tissue, vessels, and teeth tumors, injury with hemorrhage, with varicose veins. The symptom of protrusion is manifested in varying degrees of severity. The occurrence of strabismus, bonuses, corneal dystrophy, compression of the optic nerve is possible.

Extropyon (twist of the century)

The defect of the organs of view, characterized by the twist of the century in the dust with the exposure of the conjunctiva. Pathology is observed exclusively in the lower eyelid. Accompanied by tearing (due to disruption of fluid outflow), irritation skin cover (due to excess of tear moisture), sense of the foreign body, sand in the eye, its hyperemia. Pathology becomes a provoking factor in the penetration of infection.

Endophthalmita

The purulent inflammatory process of severely flow in the cavity of the eye, causing blindness and loss of the eyeball. The cause of the development of pathology can be an eye injury with the penetration of a foreign object, inflammation in the iris or vascular shell, operation, heavy ulcerative defect. Among the manifestations of the disease, there is a decrease and narrowing of fields of view, pain, wrinkling the eyeball. It is possible to distribute the process to all the shells of the eye.

Entropion (Brace)

The defect of the organs of view, characterized by the breakdown of the century inside, while its cereal edge contact with the conjunctival and cornea. Typically, pathology is present in the lower eyelid. Accompanied by severe eye irritation, a sense of a foreign body in it, hyperemia, painful syndrome during blinking, microtrams of cornea or erosions, tear, photophobia. Pathology may cause infection penetration.

The embolism of the arteries of the retina

Heavy circulatory breakdown in the artery retina. It is characterized by rapid progression, leads to full blindness. The causes of pathology are the blockage of the vessel by Trombus (for example, atherosclerosis), arteries, narrowing of the lumen of large sleepy arteries, tumors (when squeezing the artery). Pathology is manifested by a painless drop of vision until its full loss.

Epicantus

Anatomical feature of the structure of the eye, which lies in the presence of skin folds from the nose, connecting the upper and lower eyelids. It is usually noted in both eyes, sometimes with a different degree of severity. Characteristic to eastern population. With expressed Epicatus, it is possible to narrow the eye slit, injuring the cricker of the cornea, the difficulty of the outflow of tears, a century closure. In this case, surgical correction is carried out.

Epietinal membrane

It is a transparent film located above Makula. This scar cloth tightens the retina, causing folds and wrinkles. The causes of pathology can serve as eye diseases (diabetic retinopathy, retinal gap, its tombosis of its central veins or branches), inflammatory conditions, hemorrhage. Signs of the disease are a decline in the same eye of central vision, its cloudy, distortion of image contours, coast.

Episclerite

Inflammatory process in episcileral tissue (between conjunctiva and scler). There are simple and nodule episclerite. The provoking factors of pathology are the effects of chemicals, foreign bodies, allergies, insect bites. Symptoms include discomfort, eye hyperemia, swelling, transparent discharge. In some cases, the disease recurrences.

Erosion of the cornea

Damage to the epithelium of the cornea, mainly traumatic origin. Pathology cause injuries (including contact lenses), the ingress of the foreign body, the impact high temperatures, chemicals and the like. Erosion manifests itself pain in the eye, a sense of a foreign object, light-friendly, hyperemia. With a large size and central position of the focus it is possible to reduce the visual function.

Yazva cornea

The pathology of the cornea, due to significant damage to its tissues of a deeper bowman shell, is usually purulent. The causes of the disease include eye injuries, the influence of chemicals and high temperatures, the effects of pathogenic microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi). Among the symptoms are severe pain in the eye, abundant tearing, photophobia, hyperemia, reduction of vision (with the defeat of the central zone).

Barley

Purulent inflammatory lesion of the meibomic gland, located inside the ciliated edge (inner barley) or hair on the eyelashes (external barley). The cause of pathology is standing bacterial infection, usually - golden staphylococcus. The symptoms of the disease include hyperemia, the edema of the edge of the century, itching, pain when tapping, tearing, a sense of a foreign body, sometimes an increase in temperature, general ailment.

Halazion - differences from barley and treatment depending on the stage

Various seals on centuries not only deliver cosmetic discomfort, but can also negatively affect vision. In contrast to the purulent inflammation of the sebaceous gland or the hair follicle, located along the edge of the century, the halazion occurs in deeper layers and during long flow requires surgical intervention.

The halazion does not disappear independently and without treatment is constantly progressing. That is why the treatment of a halazion should be started as early as possible. Such an approach will help to avoid appeal to an ophthalmologist.

Halazion - What is it? A photo

Halazion of the lower eyelid, photo of the initial stage

photo 2 Formation of cysts in the lower eyelid

Halazion is chronic inflammation Meibomy gland caused by the blockage of its outlet and accumulation of the secretary of the century. In the people, the Halazion is called a gradium to the eye. Pathology is formed on the bottom, and in the upper eyelids at any age.

Most often, the disease is diagnosed in children and the elderly. The resulting rounded seal with initial signs of inflammation (hyperemia, minor pain per palpation) slowly increases in size from a seed grain to a pea with a diameter of 6 mm. Gradda is not fast with surrounding fabrics, leather above it is movable.

The Halazion may indicate the insufficiency of immune defense (frequent colds, chronic foci of infection) or improper work of the sebaceous glands (often diagnosed in people with fatty seborrhea skin).

The occurrence of grades in the eyelid is often associated with supercooling, stress, chronic tractology of the gastrointestinal tract: dyskinesia of biliary tract, gastritis, dysbacteriosis, enterocolites. Also, the formation of a halazion is not excluded against the background of the frequent appearance of barley on the eye and allergic conjunctivitis.

Non-compliance hygienic rulesEspecially when wearing contact lenses, cosmetics abuse and frequent staging of overhead eyelashes can also provoke the development of the cyst of the Mabea gland.

How to distinguish a halazion from barley?

Initially, the Halazion in the eyelid is similar to barley. However, during these diseases there are some differences:

• Barley is a sharp purulent process. Halazion is a chronic cluster of the secretion of the Mabeomic glands with possible (not obligatory!) Attachment infection. Signs of inflammation under gradine are less pronounced.
• Barley is located directly along the edge of the century, the compaction of the chalazion is in the thickness of the cartilage of the century.
• With a halazion, initially arising signs of inflammation are minimized, and in the eyelid remains only gradually increasing in size dense peas.
• Barley quickly turns into the stage of suppuration with the formation of a purulent head and the subsequent opening. With long-term development of grades, a capsule is formed, and even when removing the rigor, the process of its accumulation is repeated from the cyst again.
• Barley in most cases is resolved independently within a few days. Effective treatment of the Nizhny and Upper Century Halazion requires medical intervention.

Halazion symptoms - characteristic signs

The accumulation of the rigor of the century for 2-3 weeks does not give any external changes and complaints from the patient. Only after that, in a century, Gradin is formed, and the disease passes the following stages:

Cluster of the secretion of the Maberian glands

Gradually appears swelling of the century and its minor hyperemia. Under the skin in the center of the swelling, a small dense grain can be forgiven, it is possible to appear non-intensive pain when it is tackling.

On the inside of the century, hyperemia with a gray center is found. At this stage, effective drug treatment of the Halyazion of the lower eyelid leads to resorption of the accumulation of the secret.

Formation of cysts

Over time, redness almost disappears, some swelling of the century may continue. Such a fuss of signs of inflammation points to the formation of a capsule around the accumulated secret. IN

such a state of the Halazion can stay quite a long time, only gradually increasing in size. Having achieved a large diameter, the cyst lifts the eyelid and presses on the eyeball, provoking astigmatism and deformation of the visual field.

Suppuration

When ingestion in the cyst infection begins stormy inflammatory reaction: expressed swelling and redness, strong enough pain. Sometimes the body temperature rises.

A spontaneous breakthrough of cysts is possible with the release of the ventilated secret mixed with blood and the formation of a fistula. The rupture of cystic education does not mean recovery.

At this stage, it is impossible to completely cure a halazion without surgery.

Halazion in a child - features

Halazion on the eye in a child, photo

The prevalence of Gradina's disease in the age of the child is associated with a weak immunity and non-compliance with hygiene. Rubbing the eyes by unwashed hands leads to a rapid suppuration of cysts.

Remarkable Fact: The Child's Halazion in the child often occurs when far-sightedness. And although the recurrences of gradins on the eye in children are extremely rare, a timely manner should be treated with wearing glasses and special exercises.

Independent treatment Halazion on the eye in a child absolutely forbidden! Compresses and other thermal procedures can only speed up the suppuration and contribute to the spread of infection to the surrounding tissues. The inclusion in the medical scheme of immuno-fixing drugs and physiotherapy will prevent the recreation of grades to the eye.

Age Features are the narrow weekends of the bullet glands and the insufficient tone of the smooth muscles of the century - perfectly eliminated by a special massage.

All you wanted to know about the vision of newborn children, norms and pathology, the development of the infant, possible problems with the eyes and ways to solve them:

Treatment of Halazion - Removal and Preparations

Only sometimes, at the initial stage of the Halazion, when the cyst has not yet been formed, it is possible to independently eliminate the blockage of the output of the gland. In most cases, medical care is needed: medication or surgical intervention. The method of treating the chalazion on the eye depends on the stage of the pathological process.

Medical tactics at an early stage:

• Dry warmth - perfectly fit herbs compresses with anti-inflammatory effect (for example, chamomile, calendula, alta). Heat helps to relax the smooth muscles of the century and the outflow of the accumulated secret.
• Massage - light circular movements upward (under the gradine in the lower eyelid) and the book (in the treatment of a freezion in the upper eyelid) eliminates the blockage of the output flow. Massage is better carried out after the thermal procedure.
• Home Treatment Methods - Permissible Warming Halazion folk remedies: Applying a welded egg or baked onion, brewed in dry figs milk. Softening and anti-inflammatory action has aloe juice and calanchoe (doctor's home plant). You can not apply too hot products, use dry heat when signs of inflammation!

Only these measures, without medicinal treatment, can eliminate only the gradin that appeared not large sizes.

Treatment of Halazion Medicinal Therapy:

• Antiseptic and anti-inflammatory drugs - drops (sulfacyl sodium, offlsacin) and ointments (tetracycling) - prevent gradin infection and effectively struggle with already developing inflammation. Antibacterial treatment must be configured before opening the jojuned halazion.
• Corticosteroids - to prevent the formation of a fibrous capsule and leveling of inflammation, the drug Kenalog is used. In the cystic cavity, the hormonal agent is introduced using a thin needle. Corticosteroids, even with local use of their use, are appointed with great caution to children!

Operational treatment of the ouzion of the upper / lower eyelid is shown in the absence of the result of conservative therapy of the keyacion of large sizes and frequent relapses accompanied by the suppression of cysts. The clinics are held two basic methods of surgical removal of grades in the age of:

Traditional operation

The seal together with the fibrous capsule is excised through the mini-sized on the skin or the inner surface of the century. It is very important to complete scraping (curef) capsules and excision of the fiscasest move in order to avoid re-formation of cysts.

Operational intervention is carried out outpatient, under local anesthesia and takes no more than 20 minutes.

After removing the chairs, the patient is superimposed by the gulling eye bandage, antibacterial eye treatments are prescribed (ointment).

Observation from the doctor lasts another 4-5 days before the decisions of the seams (superimposed during the cut of the skin and are absent in the dissection of the inner surface of the century). During the period of recovery, the appearance of pronounced swelling and bruises, which disappear during the week.

Laser deletion of Halazion

After instillations of painkillers in a sore eye and subsequent injection into the thickness of the century anesthetic (ultrakin), a section of the eyelids and removal of the contents of cysts are made. Common fibrous capsule is evaporated with a laser beam.

The laser surgery has many advantages over traditional surgical excision. Minimum trauma causes the absence of postoperative complications (bleeding from the wound, infection). However, there is no need to impose seams and a gulling bandage.

The patient returns to the normal rhythm of life the next day after the operation. After the treatment of the halazion, the laser is formed crusts that should not be skid. It is also not recommended after surgery to water the eyes.

Forecast

Halazion In most cases, a benign process, with qualified treatment, a complete recovery is achieved. Independent treatment can lead to the development of a large-scale purulent process: abscess.

• The risk of malignancy (the misstitution of cysts) occurs with a frequent recurrence of cysts.

The Halazion is the pathology of the century in which a cyst filled with a secret is formed in the thicker of the century at the place of the Mabomia gland.

Anatomy century

In the inside of the century there are lacrimal glands and output protices of the main lacrimal gland. The eyelids perform the function of the distribution of tears on the surface of the eye - every time we blink, the edge of the century evenly distributes a tear on the surface of the eye. Eyelids contain special glands that produce a fat secret (gland meibomi), which covers a thin film the surface of the eye and does not give a tear to dry quickly.

• Outside the eyelids covered skin
• Under the skin, the thickness of the century contains a cartilaginous plate and a muscular layer.
• The edge of the century contains hair bags and output of the bullet glands.
• Mabomiye glands are located perpendicular to the edge of the century one next to the thickness of the cartilaginous plate.
• The inner surface (in contact with the mucous membranes of the vigorous apple) is lined with a mucous membrane (century conjunctive).
• The glands of the century: Maibomi gland - perpendicular to the edge of the century one nearby these tubular glands are located. They produce a fatty secret, covering the moistened tear surface of the eye.
• Table glands - the century conjunctivation contains cells on its surface, producing a tear, constantly providing moisturizing the eye.
• Eyelashes - Each eyelashes originates in the hairbag. The base of each eyelashes opens the fatty hair granks. When inflammation of this bag or hair follicle and barley occurs.

Causes of Halazion

Halazion symptoms

Stages of Halazion	Description of symptoms	What does it look like?
Formation of cysts	In the initial stages, the formation of a chalazion may not be noticed - accidentally can detect the size of the millet seal in the thicker.
Growth of cysts	However, after some time (2-3 weeks), when the formation increases in the amount, it becomes noticeable visually, it is felt like a dense rounded rolling formation of wheat grains or a pea. Halazion inflammation - if treatment has not been treated at the initial stages of the disease, the halazion reaches large sizes and mechanically puts pressure on the eyeball, it deforms the eyelid, may infamous.
Inflammation of the Halazion	It may occur due to penetration in the cyst infection or when the capsule is destroyed and the contact of the secret of cysts with blood is an autoimmune reaction. With infectious inflammation of the halazion, it is recommended to remove it urgently. With non-infectious - drug anti-inflammatory treatment, followed by surgical removal.
Halazion resorption	More often against the background of an anti-inflammatory timely (not the initial stage of the formation of cysts) treatment and local heating of the century, there is an independent resorption of a halazion.

Halazion treatment

What are the reasons for the development of a halazion?

Causes of Khalazion Development

Often the development of the disease is preceded by events that oppress the immunity: infections, injuries, supercooling, stress, disorders of the internal secretion glands.

What tests during a halazion need to take?

How to treat a halazion folk methods?

Proved its effectiveness treatment diagram:

• Heating century 3-4 times a day heated saline, flaxseed, boiled egg.
• Massage with honey: Each time after warming up a drop of honey, apply to bulging and massage for 1 minute.
• Aloe leaflet Cut, attach the pulp to the century for 15 minutes, 3 times a day.
• Eye hydrocortic ointment (has contraindications!) Lay for the lower eyelid for the night. It can be applied in adults no more than 10 days, in children not more than 7 days.

Do I need an operation for a halazion?

Indications for carrying out an operation with a halazion:

• It is impossible to cure a halazion conservative methods;
• Halazion of large sizes. He squeezes the fabric of the eye, causes violation and spoils appearance patient;
• Suspicion of the tumor of the century.

• Inflammation of the halazion or the surrounding fabrics of the eye;
• Recently suffered infections.

Predestly, the cyst is removed from the inside of the century, making an incision through the conjunctival.

• Anesthetic - under the skin is water anesthetic;
• The area of \u200b\u200bthe Halazion is clamped by a special finished tweezers;
• Remove the neoplasm with the capsule;
• Migrate iodine tincture;
• Impose seams;
• Fixed an amazed eye tight bandage for a day for the prevention of the formation of hematoma (bruise and edema).

• Recurrences - the appearance of a halazion elsewhere;
• Hematomas - swelling and hemorrhage in the tissue of the century;
• Swelling at the place of remote gland due to the growing connective tissue within a century.

Removal by a laser is bloodless and less traumatic. When laser removal, the vessels are sealed under the action of high temperatures, therefore there is no danger of the development of hematoma or infection. The procedure takes less than 15 minutes:

1. Anesthesia of the affected century - annestic injection.
2. Extraction of the upper layer of conjunctiva over a halae.
3. Opening the capsule and evaporate its contents.
4. Removal of the capsule itself.
5. The seams are not superimposed.
6. 3-7 days It is recommended to wear a soft contact lens so as not to injure the cornea after the postoperative scar.

How to treat a halazion at home?

Treatment methods depend on the stage of the disease

1. on early stages You can easily stop the growth of cysts using corticosteroid ointments. If the halazion does not exceed 4 mm, then proper treatment It disperses without a trace.

• Heating. It is shown only dry heat, so it is not necessary to use wipes moistened in warm water. The heat contributes to the opening of the clouded duct and the discharge of the secret to the outside. Also improved blood circulation, which contributes to the resorption of the capsule. Warming up 4-6 times a day for 10-15 minutes.
  • Boiled egg;
  • Harvested cereals in a linen bag;
  • Blue lamp.
• Massage. Eliminates the blockage of the gland, stimulates the removal of the contents of the cyst through the duct and its cleansing. The infectious eyelid massage with his finger after each heating for 1-2 minutes. The colasion area is massaged by light rotational movements towards eyelashes.
• Drops Floxal(2-4 times a day) + ointment hydrocortisone (Contains corticosteroids) within a month 2 times a day. Course 10 days.
• Tobrax: 1-2 drops 3 times a day - 7 days, + yellow-mercury ointment 2 times a day - 10 days.

2. In the later stages. If the halazion is inflamed and there is a pus, then treatment is assigned, which contributes to the early breakthrough of the gland capsule and the natural removal of pus.

• Chilled baked onion. The bulb is cutting in the oven and bake in the oven to black. Cool, cut off the suitable piece and secure on the affected eyelid with the help of the leucoplasty. Leave for night.
• Ichthyol ointment Accelerate maturation. It is neatly applied to the eyelid 2-3 times a day, not allowing entering the eye.
• 1% tetracycline or erythromycinic ointmentantibiotics prevent the spread of infection . 1 cm ointment strip is neatly laid out for the lower eyelid 3-4 times a day. Additionally lubricate a halazion outside.
• Ciprofloxacin eye drops The antibiotic contains a powerful antibacterial effect. 1 drop every 4 hours.
• Reception of sulfonamide (Biseptol) After consulting the doctor when the temperature is raised.

• Albucid, Tsipromed -antimicrobial drops. Use 4-8 times a day.
• Antibacterial eye ointi. : Levomycenetic, tetracyclinic, erythromycinic. Layout for the lower eyelid 1 cm 3 times a day.

• Sanitation of all foci of infection (Caries, tonsillitis, sinusitis). Detection and treatment of chronic diseases weakening immunity.
• Compliance with the regime of the day - sufficient holidays and systematic physical exertion to improve blood circulation and immunity strengthening.
• Avoiding stress, worsening blood circulation and nervous system.
• Regular reception of polyvitamins, especially group vitamins, which stop the development of staphylococcus.
• Washing boiled waterSince chlorinated can cause allergies and makes eyelids susceptible to infection.
• Using hypoallergenic neutral soap. Some experts advise Negtyar. Birch delet destroys bacteria and ticks.
• Sleep on a synthet pillowSince in feathers and downs often have dust pliers. They can cause irritation and inflammation of the sensitive skin of the eyelids.
• Compliance with diet. Reduce sugar consumption because high level Glucose in the blood contributes to inflammation. Refuse products containing artificial dyes and taste amplifiers that cause allergies.
• Fisostigmine 0.25% Eye drops: 2-3 times a week lubricate the edges of the eyelids. This drug based on anticholinesterase substances causes a reduction in the circular muscle of the eye. At the same time, glands are compressed and purified naturally.
• Daily massage of the Century To stimulate the cavity of the gland. For massage you can use Blefarogel 2.which contains sulfur and hyaluronic acid. It contributes to the cleansing of output gonducts, improves blood circulation and metabolic processes in the development part of the eyelid. The tool is applied to the fingertips and massage the eyelids with soft circular motions for 1-2 minutes, in the morning and evening.

Eye disease is studied offsetology ─ this is an important branch of practical, clinical medicine. It struggles with pathological changes in organs of vision, apparent structures (century, conjunctivations), bone and soft elements.

Medical indications

In front of science is the most important task: to develop and improve approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of each disease. It is necessary to select such methods that will allow maintaining and adjust the visual function, the appearance of complications will be preventing complications. Doctors who treat eye pathology are referred to as ophthalmologists, oculists.

Ophthalmology - Branch of medicine, studying eyes and eye diseases

For better therapy of eye disease, ophthalmology is divided into many narrow specializations. Among them:

• laser therapy;
• ophthalmomcology;
• children's ophthalmology.

Recent years are noted by the rapid development of many industries, including ophthalmology.

The equipment was modernized, innovative techniques of minimally invasive treatment.

Eye diseases in adults and children detect via affordable techniques:

• ultrasound;
• electrophysiological;
• x-ray;
• optical;
• laboratory.

Along with the traditional methods of therapy with hardware treatment, microsurgical techniques for the struggle against illness are successfully used. The greater achievement is that often pathology is eliminated by surgically outpatient.

Brief anatomical data

The organ of view is unique. This is the main analyzer of the body. Every year the percentage of eye suffering from eye disease is increasing. Therefore, each person should know the first signs of developing defeat, prevention measures and the main ways of treatment. This will increase the frequency of timely appeal for qualified using. This minimizes the likelihood of the development of human eye diseases launched.

Full-time diseases are found at any age. They may be congenital, acquired, genetically deterministic. Child disease diseases are particularly dangerous. In kids, problems with eyes often cause a delay in psychophysical development, violation of speech and motor sphere. They form distorted, fuzzy, and at times ─ fragmented, ideas about reality.

Such kids are much more difficult to establish social ties, to behave correctly in society.

Therefore, the so-called early ophthalmological system has been developed. It is engaged in early screening of all newborns, children of early and preschool age.

The method allows you to identify primary, subclinical signs of eye damage. The most common pathologies of childhood include:

• amblyopia;
• glaucoma;
• cataract;
• falnarity.

Early diagnosis allows you to provide timely correctional assistance.

Acquired pathology

Develops against the background of common or human infectious pathologies. We are talking about avitaminosis A, korea rubella, sugar diabetes, hypertension, kidney damage. In most cases, the optical apparatus of the eye is damaged. At the same time, presbyopia arises, astigmatism, myopia. Frequent episodes of inflammatory nature: conjunctivitis, keratitis, blufarites, uveitis, barley. Traumatic lesions of the elements of the eye are extremely dangerous: burns, mechanical damage, ingress of foreign bodies.

The illness clinic develops in different ways. In some cases, acute symptoms and rapid progression of illness, in others ─ erased clinic and slow course of the disease. There are certain factors that negatively affect vision increases the likelihood of pathology. These include:

• age;
• the presence of problems with the heart and vessels;
• failures in metabolism;
• unfavorable external environment;
• constant stress;
• tobacocco;
• sharp failure of vitamins and minerals (in particular zinc, selenium).

Common signs of ophthalmological pathology

It is important to remember that the symptoms of eye damage are always manifested in different ways. But if a person has blurred vision, the narrowing of the horizon, soreness or the feeling of the foreign body, must necessarily consult a doctor.

Frequent sign eye disease - Sand feeling in the eyes

Often, pathology has infectious genesis. At the same time, a quick response to negative manifestations is extremely important. In the prevalence of the process in the depth of tissues, the risk of vision loss increases dramatically. This usually happens when involving the visual nerves or retina. They lose any opportunity to perceive and transmit information. Most often, diseases of the organs of vision manifests itself:

• feeling "sand" in the eyes;
• an increase in eye pressure;
• the appearance of "nebula" in the view;
• "Lightning, flies" before the eyes;
• hyperemia;
• various kinds of secretions;
• edema;
• itching;
• significant loss of cilia;
• the occurrence of pellets;
• by changing the shape and sizes of pupils.

It should be noted, such signs with the same frequency arise from kids and adults when defeating the eyes.

Names of diseases

Myopia belongs to the most common pathologies. The sick person loses the opportunity to distinguish the items located away. At the same time, the visualization of the near elements is not violated. Pathological changes relate to refraction. The image focuses in the plane before the retina. This explains his fuzziness.

Myopia - the most common eye disease

Symptoms of illness:

• the fall of visual acuity;
• blurry image;
• fast fatiguability;
• discomfort, thread.

Halazion ─ This is a notch, in which the eye of a person (more precisely, the edge of the century) is inflamed. In the absence of adequate therapy, the process quickly progresses. Dry eye syndrome ─ This is a professional ailment. Pathology is often striking people who have a lot and often work at the computer. To combat such a violation, it is recommended to apply special drops.

Barley ─ is an inflammatory process in a century. Symptoms include the presence of a purulent bag at the edges of the eyelid, their minor soreness and hyperemia. It is strictly forbidden to squeeze their own education. Often for therapy prescribed alcohol processing, the use of green, antibacterial ointments. Read more about the diseases of the visual system, see this video:

Cataract ─ age-related eye disease. Manifested by clouding lens (full or partial). In addition, illness often arises in a younger age against the background of some somatic diseases, injuries. It happens a congenital form. Signs of illness:

• fuzzy vision;
• the fall of acute;
• photophobia;
• difficult ability to distinguish colors;
• twist in the eyes.

To combat pathology, surgical intervention is shown. Changed crystal is important to remove, instead, an intraocular lens is installed. Also, the process can be slowed down by medication.

Other pathology

Amberopia is a group of functional disorders of the visual system. Displays their traits ─ significant drop in view. It cannot be corrected by points or contact lenses. In addition, contrast sensitivity, accommodative eye accommodation without visible causes is strongly disturbed. Symptoms of illness include:

• impairment;
• difficulty perception of bulk items;
• estimate the distance to them;
• learning difficulties.

Anisocoria ─ The state at which different sizes of pupils occur. These are frequent cases that do not always indicate pathology. There is a so-called physiological anisocorium. Symptoms include the unequal dimensions of both patient pupils.

Aisocoria

Astigmatism ─ is a variety of ametropia. Manifests disorders in focusing rays on the retina. It happens corneal (the cause of the ailment ─ incorrect shape of the cornea), crustal, lenticular.

Symptoms of illness:

• distortion, blurring image;
• fast fatiguability;
• constant pressure;
• the need to squint.

Blofafarites ─ This is a group of inflammatory ailments. Miscellaneous, more often note the process chronization. Depending on etiology, peasant, allergic, demodic and seborrheal differ.

Basic symptoms:

• swelling;
• hyperemia;
• peeling of the edges of the age;
• severity;
• burning;
• itching eyes;
• the presence of crusts on the eyelashes;
• eyelash falling;
• the presence of a foam secret;
• dry eye;
• photophobia.

Hemophthalma ─ is pathologies in which blood penetrates into the vitreous body either in its space. Their signs:

• floating clouding;
• bulk view;
• photophobia;
• web before your eyes.

Glaucoma, dacryocystitis

Glaucoma ─ This is a chronic disease arising from high intracranial pressure. The defeat of the optic nerve is developing, which leads to a drop in vision or blindness. This is irreversible illness, therefore timely therapy is extremely important. With an acute attack, glaucoma is possible complete loss of vision.

Glaucoma can lead to full blindness

Signs:

• worsening peripheral vision;
• "Dark" stain in sight;
• taming;
• soreness;
• worsening at night;
• oscillations of visual acuity.

Dacriaocystitis disease enters the list of inflammatory agents of infectious nature. This is the defeat of the lacrimal bag. There are sharp, chronic, innate and acquired forms of illness. All of them are combined by general signs:

• sharp soreness;
• hyperemia;
• the swelling of the lacrimal channel;
• tear;
• purulent selection of tears.

Falcastness ─ This is an example of a violation of clinical refraction. Light rays fall behind the retina. At the same time, taminization, asthenopy, poor accommodation and binocular vision, ambulopia, squint, are observed. For more information about the farewell, see this video:

Demodecosis is the damage to the skin of the eyelids and the conjunctivities of the tick-borne genesis. At the same time, hyperemia arise, the occasion of the eyelids, scales on the eyelashes.

Keratoconus ─ damage to the cornea of \u200b\u200bthe degenerative plan. At the same time, it loses the shape, becomes conical. This is a frequent pathology of young age, at which visual acuity is reduced. Manifestations of illness:

• a sharp deterioration in view of one eye;
• curvature of the outlines of objects;
• the appearance of haloes around light sources;

Keratitis ─ is an inflammatory damage to the cornea. At the same time, it matures, infiltrates appear on it. Basically, the disease has a viral, bacterial or traumatic nature. There are 3 severity of pathology. Inflammation quickly progresses, spreading to neighboring structures of the eye. Symptoms of illness: light-free, tearing, hyperemia, blefarospasm.

Computer visual syndrome

Recently isolated type of disease. This is a complex of visual symptoms caused by a long, improper work at a computer. The main reasons for such pathology are: significant differences in the image on the monitor and paper, improper ergonomics of the workplace.

Signs of illness:

• the fall of visual acuity;
• taming;
• drop in visual performance;
• focus difficulties;
• photophobia;
• diplopia;
• soreness;
• hyperemia;
• sand feeling under centuries;
• tear;
• rubber and burning.

Conjunctivitis ─ This is inflammatory lesions of the transparent shell, which covers the scler. They are divided into bacterial, viral, chlamydial, fungal, allergic.

Sometimes the process can cause severe consequences.

Signs: swelling, hyperemia, mucous membrane or purulent discharge, itching, burning in the eyes.

Makulyodistrophia ─ Chronic eye damage in a degenerative character. The central retinal zone is damaged ─ Makula or a yellow spot. Pathology provokes a drop in view. Disguise manifestations: impairment of vision, distortion of objects, curvature of straight lines. What are the maculodystrophy? Today there are two forms of illness ─ dry and wet. The peculiarity of the latter is a significant danger, its illness can lead to complete loss of vision.

Episclerite ─ inflammatory lesions of the fabrics that are located between the conjunctiva and scler. Hyperemia, swelling eyes, strong discomfort occurs sharply.

The pathology of the eyes is simple and knoting, it takes place easily, but with relapses. Healing often comes independently.

Endocrine ophthalmopathy, or Greivs ophthalmopathy ─ strong autoimmune defeat, leading to dystrophic damage to orbit tissues. Often, the disease is combined with the problems of the thyroid gland, but arises as an independent disease. Signs of pathology: the retraction of the century, squeezing, soreness, dryness, violation of color, exophthalm, swelling.

Rare pathology

Electrophthalmia ─ is damage to the eyes of ultraviolet radiation. To prevent the ailment, it is important to use protective equipment with flashes in the sun, eclipses, zippers, on the sea. Pathology can provoke artificial light sources: electric arc when welding, tanning lamps, quartzing.

A man begins to experience pain, irritation, tearing, fall of visual acuteness. It is often hyperemia, a feeling of a foreign body.

Pesigium

PTRIGUM ─ This is a degenerative ailment, which is manifested by the growing conjunctiva. It is removed only surgically. Mark strong hyperemia, swelling, itching, crimped. Ophthalmosacea ─ Sign of dermatological defeat. It is manifested by irritation, dry eyes, vision. Can provoke keratitis.

How to properly diagnose the pathology of the eyes? One of the collaborations of competent and full therapy of ophthalmic diseases is considered a thorough and timely survey.

Some clinics use the latest technologies to determine the pathologies of organs of vision. This allows you to identify the slightest changes in the early stages and put the most accurate diagnosis.

It is important to remember that modern equipment, qualified specialists ─ the key to rapid and effective healing from the ailments. In diagnostic centers, new, innovative ways of eye survey are often offered. Diagnostics includes a set of tests, procedures aimed at identifying deviations from the norm.

Diagnostic and therapy methods

The main methods of surveys include:

Eye diagnostics ─ complex procedure. Throughout all manipulations, patients must be under constant supervision of doctors. Survey of children ─ long procedure. To each kid you need to select special attention. Experts should find a common language with small patients, conducting diagnostics and treatment of eye disease.

Advanced technology in the fight against eye pathologies

Medicine does not stand still, constantly developing and improving. The main direction of modern eye therapy is the use of laser installations. Similarly, you can treat myopia, astigmatism, hyperopia, retinal lesions, glaucoma. Laser correction allowed millions of young people to permanently heal and forget about glasses and lenses.

Modern medicine has a wide range of eye impact

Cataract surgery is improved annually, since this is the most common disease of the vision. Successful remedy for this ailment - the use of facoemulsification. Also recently, the innovative method of femtoosurgery is increasingly used.

Often, in large ophthalmic centers, the most complex operations on implantation of intraocular lenses are carried out.

They are mainly done in severe myopias, subtle cornea, with contraindications to laser treatment.

Non-surgical therapy eye

With easier degrees of diseases, hardware treatment is usually used. The method of therapy, its duration is always selected individually. Use special computer programs that allow you to restore binocular vision. With inflammatory processes, ultrasound use injuries. Here is one example of non-surgical treatment:

Many experts recommend treatment of eye diseases by folk remedies. Such an addition to the main therapy allows you to accelerate healing. Under myopia, nystagma, seproinations are prescribed an infrared laser. Sometimes they use magnetically therapy (with neurites, amblyopia, keratitis). Hardware treatment often gives excellent results, so it is widely used in many institutions.

Prevention of eye diseases ─ is a guarantee of the health of vision for many years. The main requirement is timely diagnosis and treatment of all the ailments of the organs of vision, including the age-related eye diseases.

It is important to take periodic preventive inspections from the doctor, do not overload your eyes. It is useful to walk in the fresh air, to make a special eye gymnastics, stick to rational nutrition, use vitamins and minerals. At the first signs of eye disease, immediately contact a specialist. It is unacceptable to engage in self-medication. This may lead to Grozny complications, in particular to loss of vision.