Echoencephalography (Echo-EG) is one-type

I will become victorious for assessment when I am suspected of having an affirmation, hidrocephalus, intracranial hypertension in children of any kind. Diagnostic capabilities of echography in the background and Exo-EG are prompted by the healthiness of ultrasound, which is generated from the cordon in the middle of the country, so that it is a childish scholar. At the same time, when the echo signals are displayed, they hang on the screen of the electronic-exchange tube near the peaks, the amplitude of which is in direct fallow because of the magnitude of the image and, also, because of the density of the tissue.

Newborns and children up to 2 years of age can stay behind an additional sensor with a frequency of 2.64 MHz, fragments of the cranial bone from them can be passed through ultrasound. For older children, use sensors with a higher low frequency.

Є three main positions of the sensor: I - above the last auditory canal (the place of the projection of the third hole and the epiphiza), II - in the fringe area at the lateral edge of the abdominal arch (the middle of the projection in the opening of the septum), III behind - at 4-5 (mісce projection epіphіza).

The main ultrasound images of the anatomical structures of the brain: crescent-shaped protuberances, interhemispheric cleft, stinks of III and mucous membranes, septum gap. The middle ones are the interhemispheric fissure, the crescent ridge, the third lug and the septum. The method of inducement on the basis of the signal generated by the signal from these structures, the so-called M-exo, and on the basis of the signal from the side. Zsuv M-exo more lower by 2 mm allows you to perceive the manifestation of a large set in the pivot from the side of the substitution.

When a patient is received, the sensor is placed on one of the sides of the head at point I. On the screen on the line of the rosette there is a group of permanent echo signals: I - cob complex, which should go out from the skull to the head sensor; II - middle echo signal, when it comes out from the III slit and suspended structures (often there is a lack of splitting in the upper area, or more, to go out of the width of the III slurry and the distribution of the building); III - exo signal to go to the cyst complex, i.e. from the posterior to the cranial cyst sensor. Іmpulses, go out of the hand, push up the top. At the same time, the form of the exosignal from the middle structures is guilty of obov'yazkovo gosstroi, to reach the regulation for the help of the handles of strength. If the sensor is not too high, the sensor burns out between the endless complex and M-exo, one more, to finish the last one, exosignal from the lateral lug is a ventricular lift.

When rendered on the screen of st_ykoy pictures, weaken vimiri. A selection of visualizations from the cob to the endov complex, which represents the internal size of the skull; potim - from the cob complex to the middle and ventricular ecosignals. All vimiryuvannya is visible from both sides. In the norm, it is allowed to change M-exo up to 2 mm.

About the stages of the dilatation of the slurry system (in the area of ​​the horns) can be judged by the appearance to the ventricular view (ventricular index). The normal ventricular index is located in the boundaries between 1.8-2.0.

Oskilki the nature of the middle echosignal is tied with the head of the III hook, then when two separate impulses are rejected, the width of the central structure can be added. Vimіryuvannya vikonutsya from the leading edge of one moon signal to the leading edge of the second. In the norm, the width of the III shlunochka becomes 4.4 + 2.5 mm during the neonatal period and up to 5.5 + 2 mm before the first rock of life.

When the sensor is rosetted in I and II points, the cob and tip complex and middle ecosignal are also re-tuned, but in the first vip it should go from the open septum, and in the other - from the epiphysis. Vimіryuvannya vіdstanі vіdіtsіh structures and rozrahunok іkh young zsuvu vikonuyut so itself, as described vishche.

sing diagnostic value There is a good estimate of the pulsation of the middle echo signal, which is very impressive, but also because of the magnitude of the amplitude of the pulsation and the manifestation of the internal scalp hypertension and deyakism. Kilkisnu assessment of the pulsation So, for 100% take the maximum value of the pulse amplitude, and the minimum value of the initial value of the pulse amplitude. For the norm, the rest is innocent of 25%. If the value of the amplitude of the pulsation does not vary by 50%, then we can talk about a slight step of internal cranial hypertension; If the amplitude of the pulsation is from 50 to 75%, then talking about the middle stage of the internal cranial hypertension, and if it is more than 75%, then about the extended stage. The visibility of the pulsation is a familiar, abruptly circulated internal cranial hypertension. It should be noted that the author's deeds will deny the authenticity of the data, which were taken away with one EchoEG, as they would have allowed judging about the manifestation of the internal cranial hypertension.

Afterwards, by marking the development of brain structures, it will allow the development of the disease, it is necessary to bring the development and death of people to important destructions. One of the extended methods is echoencephalography (Echo EG).

Vidlunnya EG - an effective type of diagnostics, assistance for additional ultrasound echography (ultrasound at a frequency of 0.5-15 MHz / s). The method of bouvaining by Lars Leksell, who was engaged in cranioscopy.

Sounds of sickness penetrate through the tissues of the body and are heard from all surfaces (curling heads, cranial bones, cerebral speech, shell, roof, liquor). In the course of the last week, you can download all the changes that are displayed in the fabrics ( side room, Kisti, hematomas, abscesses, midges of reproduction and in.).

Echoencephalography with such types of diagnostics, such as electroencephalogram, duplex, ultrasound dopplerography of the head and neck, form the basis for the diagnosis of pathologies nervous system.

special features

Vidlunnya EG by the method of diagnostics, the essence of the polarity in the development of ultrasound. On the other hand, they support the camp of cerebral structures.

Afterwards, there is the possibility of vivification of the middle structures and the development of the stages of grave damage. Tse additional help to the doctor to recognize the appropriate therapy.

Diagnostics is non-invasive, with additional help the accuracy of detecting ill health increases by 40-50%.

Vikoristovuyt diagnostics in the quality of self-sustained diagnosis, or spilo with other species with the help of the development of the reference frame of the brain.

Synonyms of echoencephalography in medicine and terms:

• electroencephaloscopy;
• echoencephaloscopy (ECO EC);
• Echoencephalogram. The understanding, in essence, is not synonymous, but is a graphical representation of signals in ultrasound.

By analogous Echo EG method, ale doslidzhuє heart, є echocardiography or fast - ehogram.

Vidlunnya EG is a safe method, non-trivial and generally painless. The essence of the pole is that the special equipment gives ultra-frequency electric power, which is used to put the plate on the floor, applied to the head of the man.

Ultrasound expands along the tissues of the brain and skull, and on quiet dilenks, de-sparing damage, signals for cholocation. All khvili restroyuyutsya equipment.

Will I show you the monitor? A graphic picture, on the display of which fahivtsi to work out the visnovok.

The value of the method of polarity is in the fact that it can help you to understand the structure of the brain, because of the middle pulsation when the ICP is reduced, and the brain is visible to the open space.

Carry out the procedure in two modes:

1. Transmіsіyny. 2 sensors are applied on the opposite sides of the head, the stench of the stench converged in one axis. One sensor received a signal, the one received one.
2. Емісійний. Only 1 sensor will be victorious, which will be installed in the mission, which will reduce the result.

Shown and counter-shown

Shown before performing an echoencephalography in older adults and children of the onset:

1. Injuries і hit the head with an adult on the scab.
2. Attack nudoti, not tied with yuzhi priyom.
3. Noise in the vuhah, zapamorochennya.
4. Syndrome of deficiency of respect, loss of parentage, loss of memory.
5. Destruction of the coordination of rukhiv, loss of evidence.
6. Feel the instability.
7. Parts of headaches, sleep disturbance.
8. Neurotic reactions (abnormalities, enuresis, tics, etc.).

Importantly, EHO EG will be used as a method of anterior diagnostics before CT or MRI. In some cases, echoencephalography allows the substitution of the methods of dosage, for example, through the heavy camp of the patient or the obviousness of the evidence.

An important test of this type of diagnostics povna safety, visibility side-by-side and more

I mean Eho EG to visit new and vaginal women for the purpose of implanting the brain of a child or mother.

One obmezhennya before carrying out follow-up - see the head wounds in the areas of installation of sensors.

Yak is carried out by EXO-EG to the brain

Echoencephaloscopy of the brain horizontal position patient. For an hour, the head is in an unstable state, so when the child is carried out, the little children need additional help from their fathers.


In the course of the procedure, a contact gel is applied to the head skin, so that the accuracy of the plate is adjusted.

Regardless of the type of diagnostics, the car smoothly moves the sensors over the head. The whole procedure is not more than 10-15 minutes.

In M-mode

Echoencephalography in M-mode or simultaneous - one of the most available and available ways of eliminating the necessary information about the brain and detection you get sick and vіdhilen.

For an additional method to assess the internal cranial vise, the process of measuring the fluff and the steps of changing the structures begins.

When carrying out the simultanous Echo EG, the sensors are mounted above the lasting auditory course, if they are skirted over the above-mentioned arch, 4-5 cm behind the vertical.

Yak viglyadaє result of diagnostics? At the viglyad, there are graphs of signals, removed from the inner part of the head.

The same way does not allow to reliably diagnose pathological processes. Often, when Exo EG is in M-mode, CT or MRI is indicated.

Two-way method of echoencephalography

With the two-way method, or ultrasonic scanning, one transducer is installed, which is positioned in the area, allowing ultrasonic waves to easily penetrate the cranial cyst.

To display a clear image, the sensor is replaced in different directions during the procedure. As a result, a flat picture appears on the monitor.

One of the types of double-sided EHO EG is neurosonography - covering the brain with ultrasound in children through time.

Preparation before the procedure

For carrying out ehoencephalography, the patient does not need to be specially prepared. Yak are old enough, as well as small children. It is not necessary to take special action, but to the pitty regime, it is not necessary to come to the heart of the heart.

It looks like the diagnostics goes only in the same way, as on the head's head for an hour you see the wounds in the mice, so the sensors are transferred. More beautiful in such a situation is vikoristovuvati іnshі vid diagnostics, for example, MRI.

So, before mounting the sensors, a contact gel is clearly applied to the patient's head, it is necessary to take with you a servetka, and then we will bake the head.

Echoencephaloscopy in children

How to shy diagnostics for small children? Here additional help is needed for the fathers. It is necessary for a day to put the child's head in the fixed position.

Anesthesia or any sedation is not required, since it is absolutely painless.

In children, vikoristovuyutsya struma at a frequency of 2.6 MHz, as the stench easily penetrates the edge of the cranial cyst. The Eho EG method, which is carried out in nemovlyat, is called neurosonography. Carry out yogo up to 1.5-one-time vіka, as long as the dzherelce is not yet growing.

Zvychay the tribute, taken out during pre-treatment, to finish, to reveal the pathology in the child and to indicate adequate therapy.

Diagnostics for older adults

De zrobiti Eho EG? The method is overwhelmed by the fact that it can be done not only in special clinics, but also in the car of "Shvidkoy Dopomogi" and visit the patient's home.

Dorosly patient abo ditina, yak perebuvaє in svіdomomu vіtsі, during the diagnostics, be in the recumbent or seated position. Likar, which is like a good time, is vartoed behind the head of the patient and put on sensors over the shells in the ear.

When carrying out the two-way method, the sensor is moved along the surface of the head. Curves are displayed on the monitor - Echoencephalogram.

To establish an accurate diagnosis of the ultrasound scan, a number of times are carried out, and the deciphering of the indicators does not change the number of times.

Part of diagnostics in the private clinic Sonomed - about 2500 rubles.

Yaki pathology showing EHO-EG

Most often, Echo EG is used by a doctor-neurologist for primary diagnostics in case of adolescent pathologies of the brain in older adults and children, as well as in extraordinary situations, if the life of a sick person is not safe.
Deciphering of indicators in older adults and children is allowed to viyaviti:

• ob'єmni urazhennya brain tissue;
• median hemorrhage and internal cranial hematomas;
• mice of localization and size of pukhlin, cyst, third party;
• missed up with pus in case of adolescence on an abscess of the brain;
• control indicators of the intracranial vise;
• dynamics of changes and causes of decreased blood circulation in the brain (with atherosclerosis, vegetative-vascular dystonia, ischemia, insult and in.);
• the steps of the hydrocephalus (dropsy).

Echoencephalography is shown in the case of an establishment in the brain and in the form of an accurate reproduction. Children and grown-ups have such illnesses for additional diagnostics.

Hydrocephalus (dropsy)

Tsei term means the excess of the spinal cord in the emptying of the skull. Infections are developed through the improvement of products and the destruction of their circulation.

To the sign of dropsy (hydrocephalus), it can be seen in the swelling of the head, with the eyes downward, rounded pulsating vipinnya on the non-fused skulls of the newborn.

The grown-up children are prone to disorientation of walking, confusion, bewilderment, non-trivial fighting.

Hematomy and new products

To make a diagnosis, go to the M-moon from the right and left sides. An older patient has a storage capacity of 65-80 mm and is approximately equal to himself (+/- 2 mm).

It’s like a great favor is being spared, evil chicks... Zsuv 4-8 mm є are shown before neurosurgical involvement.

In addition, the change (not more than 3 mm) is applied to hematomas and swellings during cerebral strokes. Smell the stink in a couple of days.

internal blood cells

Chi is not tied with trauma, bloodshed in the brain arterial hypertension... There are also possible reasons: atherosclerosis, blood ailments, fiery deformities of the brain.

When there is blood on the EHO EG, the M-ex, echogenicity, multiple exosignals appear stronger.

meningoencephalitis

At the same time, it is spontaneous to ignite the heat of the speech and shells to the central nervous system. The nature of meningoencephalitis is virus and bacterial. symptoms: Nudota, head bill, Blues, chills, temporal temperature.

With the presence of pathology on the echoencephalogram, the great Zsuv M-Luni is pompous. With a value of 7-8 mm, the ear is susceptible to the process of brain abscess.

decoding of indicators

Deciphering the results of the regularization of the health care provider-neurologist or laboratory technicians.

The main indicator is to get into the same way to M-exo on the side of the head. In norm_vidhilennya not guilty of overhanging 1-2 mm (in children - 3 mm). at pathological processes to promote the substitution of M-ex, change the form and the triviality of the views.

When the echoencephalography is detected, there are 3 types of signals (complexes), which additionally help to decipher the results:

1. Pervinny complex. The signal can be localized without the need to charge the sensor. Formation of ultrasound-health at the visualization of the muscles, shkiri, cells and upper structures of the brain.
2. Middle. The signal, when the ultrasound is closed, with structures that are stitched in the middle of the brain: the septum gap, the lower brain, the third slurry, the epiphys, the crescent of the great brain.
3. Kintseviy complex. The signal to enter the lateral structures: the cysts of the skull, soft tissues and the dura mater to the brain.

Deciphering the results of diagnostics by a loan financier no more than a quarter of a year.

Chim EU heads are seen from MRI, CT and EEG

There is a number of clues and diagnostics, direct to the implantation of structures in the brain. The difference between the EEG and the other types of diagnostics, marvel at the tables:

Echoencephalography of the brain is one of the methods for diagnosing pathological brain disorders. Doslidzhennya instrument - ultrasound.

Visible from hard tissues of the skull, membranes, blood, high-frequency impulses visualize the poofy statement, third-party inclusion in the head, allow to detect all the damage and monitor the court.

Exercise to the brain (GM) is a non-invasive way of cleansing (without penetrating all the way).

With a lot of wine, give information about the sick person, in addition to helping to identify the correct therapy.

Echoencephalographic dosage is most often recognized for children to rock.

Apart from self-sufficiency, ExoEG can be included in the complex dosage of the following methods:

• electroencephalography;
• Ultrasound dopplerography sudin shyny viddilu, Heads;
• duplex.

More about diagnostics

Bagato hto ts_kavitsya, scho tse also - ExoEG to the head organ of the central nervous system. The Іnshy sickly nutritional pacintіv is like pouring into health.

Brutal respect! Wicked and synonymous names: EchoEC, EHEG, echoencephaloscopy.

the essence of the method

Obstezhennya povn_styu bezhechne - not vypadkovo yogo shy to nimvlyatam. The method is based on the aspect of the surface and the thickness of the fabrics, which are rotated directly. So, a healthy child, a pediatric cell, has one beat signal, a small bone, a hematoma - the third one, and a third speech, a third one, etc.

The testimony between them and the fahivtsev is reliably informed about the potential damage to the patient.

diy likarya

Exercise is carried out with a sensor, equipped with a special plate, building and enabling, and accepting data. Yogo to fasten bilya skroni over vuh. In front, the head from the sides is covered with gel. Patient for an hour of cich manipulation beckon to lie or sit. An important mind - the lyudin is not guilty of collapsing.

If the plate deforms, the ultrasound is applied, which is direct to the tissue elements. Turn around, want to transform into an electric signal and see on the monitor. The whole loan procedure is no more than 15 hvili.

mode

EHOEG is carried out both in one-way M-mode, and in two-way (SPL). At the first drop on the screen, you can see a graph with a number of pidyomas, showing how the structures of the brain are related. Two-dimensional diagnostics gives a flat picture, to be fixed for children.

vidi impulses

To appear on the monitor for a detailed graphic image, it is stored in 3 sets of signals: cob, fine and most important - middle, or M-exo.

1. The cob complex is used to generate high-frequency pulses, showing the growth of cyst tissues and curves, hard fibrous membranes of the brain, mucous membranes, which are located in the zone of the sensor. Dani fiksuyutsya at the left edge of the monitor.
2. Kintseviy is the supremacy of impulses, having emerged from the inner wall of the cranium and curves. Dani can be seen from the right side of the screen.
3. The middle complex - hvili, vidbiti from the 3rd shlunochka, open partition, epiphiza. According to the appearance of the core from the middle line of the skull in the sagittal area. Investigation in M-echoencephalography from the middle line indicates pathological diseases in this organ of the central nervous system.

transcript of Danih

Those showing the monitor screen must be correctly displayed. Tsim is engaged in a neurologist. As a rule, the interpretation of the results is based on the description of the warehouses. The appearance of additional splashes (lateral moon-signals).

Decryption to be repaired by analyzing the middle complex. It is permissible to change the distance from the opposite point up to 2 other complexes, between different types of embroidery, - not more than 1-2 mm for older adults, and up to 3 mm for small ones (maximum 5 mm, and in ideal - the same).

Between pulsations are not to blame for 50%. It’s easy to get a drug if there is any evidence of a patient’s scarg diagnostics for hypertension.

Yakshcho srednesellyarny index is less significant ("4", signs 39), tsevkazu on the movement of the internal cranial grip in the grown-ups.

EHOEG vikorystovutsya and for indirect diagnostics of cerebral vascular disease. The presentation about the localization of the battle gives the vector of the middle views.

The accuracy of the interpretation of the given EchoEG is based on the professionalism of a neurologist, the level of probing and the permission of echoencephalography.

Dani deciphering ExoEG for small ailments

With all kinds of ailments on the echogram, the following indications are promoted:

1. Oncology: evil new affirmations give more zsuv in accordance with the norm.
2. Injuries of the GM: there are small amounts of skin, up to 3 mm, behind the rakhunok of swelling. Post-traumatic bones appear in the eyes of clear lateral moon-sickles.
3. The intramuscular hemorrhage is characterized by the greatest asymmetry.
4. Hydrocephalus: enlargement of the M-harrier at 5-7 mm and larger. Without lateral ultrasonic signals.
5. Infarction to the brain: little past destruction of the middle structures.

showing

EchoEG is indicated for adolescent brain pathology:

• pukhlin;
• abscess;
• bloody;
• guma;
• tuberculoma;
• nabryak - swelling of the cerebral speech;
• ischemic stroke;
• dropsy GM;
• ignition processes.

There is also a method for monitoring the effectiveness of the designated treatment.

Two-way diagnostics for older adults does not get stuck, the ultrasound signals go through the edge of the tissue.

Baby EhoEG

Exercise of the brain in children stagnates until the overgrowth of the djhereltsa with the sign of the lingering of all symptoms in the head organ of the central nervous system, as well as in case of anxiety symptoms. The child’s head must be treated for an hour.

Shown for the sign of echoencephalography є:

• craniocerebral trauma;
• damage to the tone of myaziv (їх overexertion);
• covering the development of organism;
• hydrocephalus, neurological ailments.

Yak for EEG, for a child's echoencephalography there is no contraindication. I will grow infinitely and more efficiently, but not at the expense of diagnostics for grown-ups.

The method of ultrasonic diagnostics of children is perceived when the ultrasonic signal passes through the time and allows you to correct the exact picture of the brain.

This method can also be called "neurosonography".

Preparatory preparation before cleaning

The pre-treatment of the brain due to the stagnation of the process of technology is not in the middle of the preparatory stage - there are not any ahead of time, but some vials of water before the procedure.

Before echoencephalography, children are allowed, whether they are vik, vagitnі and women.

Vinatok - the appearance of critical wounds (in such a way more beautiful than an MRI).

features of echoencephaloscopy

The whole method is used for extraordinary diagnostics. The devices are portable, equipped with a rechargeable battery, they can be used in school, at home, and on the street, and not only in the neuropathologist's office.

Alle ultrasound diagnosis of the brain is not the most effective method. So, when diagnosing cerebral pathologies in older adults, more accurate results are given by MRI.

Diagnostically valuable for carrying out decilcoh ExoEG with further details of the patient. Repeated procedures give a more accurate picture of getting over the ailments in other stages.

perevagi method

Advantages of this method:

• absolutely safe;
• visibility of side effects;
• nemaє vikovyh obmezhen, fence for diagnostics in case of wine and lactation;
• ExoEG is allowed to be robbed by non-mongrels;
• One of the contraindications is the presence of bleeding episodes of the epithelium in the installation of the sensors.

Inadequacies: the data on echoencephalography does not allow for the exact extent of the disease, but deprives it of allowing it to be obvious. Clarify the diagnosis additionally help to improve the condition.

The method is not safe to use, it is not possible to summarize, contrary to the indication of the day. With success, you will be able to diagnose child pathologies and in extreme cases, if there is no possibility of a patient's life in the minds of the stationary.

Non-invasive method of brain monitoring for additional ultrasound echography (ultrasound with a frequency of 0.5 to 15 MHz). Sounds of such a frequency may be able to penetrate through the tissues of the body and be seen from all surfaces, but to lie on the cordon of fabrics of a different kind of warehouse and craziness (curl your heads, cranial bones, cerebral membranes, Mozkova speech, liquor, shelter). Structures can be attributed to pathological approval (in the presence of growth, foreign matter, abscess, bruises, hematomas, etc.).

Shown echoencephalography (ExoEG)

For children up to 1.5 years, no more dzherelce has left, through which it is carried out the EchoEG allows the assessment of all brain structures. For grown-ups, echoencephalography will become stagnant, first for everything, for the development of the minds of them in case of onset pathologies:

head b_l,
dirty,
head injury
diffuse і local filling of the brain,
intracranial hematomas,
abscesses
plump up the brain
internal cranial hypertension,
hydrocephalus,
ignite the brain disease,
іnshі cerebral ailments.

Echoencephalography (EhoEG) is used for diagnostics of ailments:

Ischemia to the brain, stroke
Strus, slap the brain
vertebrobasilar deficiency
Vegeto-sudinna dystonia (VVD)
Loss of cerebral blood flow
Head bill
dirty
Noise in the wooh
Internal cranial vise
shia injury
encephalopathy
Khvoroba Parkinson
adenoma of the hypophysis

Hid EhoEG Doslidzhennya

Devotion to carry out the cross-bed, lastly from the right, then from the left lateral surface of the head from the frontal to the frontal area. Naybilsh with a permanent impulse є the moon-signal, which appears in the middle structures of the brain (the septum opening, the third slurry, epiphiz), the names "M-exo".

Prototype indication is dumb.

Echoencephalography (EchoEG) interpretation of results

Echoencephalography (EchoEG) is based on the reconstruction of ultrasound, driven from the cordons of the internal cranial devices and the middle with flexible acoustic support (cranial bones, cerebral speech, shelter, CSR). In the neurological practice of the first year, the Swedish doctor L. Leksell (L. Leksell, 1956). The values ​​for the whole equipment of echoencephalography allow an alert generator pulse and prevent the possibility of restoring the echo signal on the screen of the oscilloscope (echoencephaloscopy), as it can be recorded

In the process of echoencephalography, there can be a vikoristany mode of echolocation (the first method). At the same time, one and the same piezoelectric sensor is used for the transmission and reception of ultrasound from the cerebral structures, and in the transmisive mode of localization, the signal, as well as being transmitted from one piezoelectric sensor, is received by a very small element. Otriman at the end of the Ehoencephalogram will store a cob complex - an ecosignal from the soft tissues of the head and cranial cyst, which can be found without an ultrasonic probe; ecosignals from the inner medullary structures and the endovian complex - ecosignals from the inner surface of the cranial cysts and soft tissues of the lateral side.

The signal from the highest amplitude - M-exo (the first diagnostic criterion by Lexell), appears from the middle structures of the brain, developed in the middle of the brain epiphiz); roztasovany
on the sides of the M-moon, the signal was significantly lower in amplitude (another diagnostic criterion by Leksell) in the normal range for the images of the little ones.

In the normal structure, where the M-echo is adopted, it is established strictly in the sagittal area and is located at the same time from the symmetrical points of the right and left sides of the head, to that on the echoencephalogram in case of the present

The appearance of the middle M-ex is 2 mm lower by 2 mm in one of the sides, it can be seen as a manifestation of pathology... A most informative indicator of the presence in the supratentorial space of a large pathological brain intracranial hematoma) Slide to vvazhati the replacement of the middle M-ex to the side, I will protylezhnu roztashuvannyu ts'go vognischa. Appearing on the EEG a great number of beaten signals between the cob complex and the M-loon's signal will appear on the brain. If the signal of the middle M-ex is stored in two pulses, or there are serrated vertices and a wide base, this will indicate the expansion of the third lug to the brain.

An increase in the number of echo signals in the left and right cells in the brain is seen as an ultrasound intracranial asymmetry, the reason for which may be a pathological mid-range of dynamic walking in one or in both cells of the brain. Additional signals from pathological
structures, which are found in the empty skull (the third diagnostic criterion by Lexell), indicate the presence of tissues in the empty skull. The stench may be of boozy adventurousness and that shouldn't be overrated when there is a lot of time to think about it
reasons.

When the brain is chipped away from the middle structures during echoencephalography (ExoEG), it does not overtake physiological changes. In the case of cerebral shock, as a result of the growth of the brain tissue, the reduction of the M-exo-signal during the exercise of echoencephalography (ExoEG) towards the intact alcohol can become 2-5 mm and we will move up to 4-reg. tyzhn_v. In the zone of impact on echoencephalography (ExoEG), peak-like signals can be re-structured, and the visualized ultrasound is amplified from other blood cells.

Of particular importance is the eehoencephalography (EchoEG) swelling when the brain is compressed. Mozhliv early diagnosis supratentorial hematomas, when the middle structures are replaced, the brain in the side of a healthy brew will appear as early as the first year of TBI and tend to grow up to 6-15 mm. It is not often during echoencephalography (EchoEG) to prevent and without prior display of ultrasound signals from the cordon between hematoma and cerebral speech, or with the sheaths of the brain. When you try to cholocate on the sides, the hematoma is removed from the cordon, the signal is taken to the cob “dead zone”, and the cholocation of the hematoma can be deprived of the opposing side.

Hematomnia during echoencephalography (ExoEG) is a high-amplitude non-pulsating signal, which can be re-triggered by pulsating low-amplitude signals from the cells of the lateral proto-imaging complex Slid vrahovuvati, when the soft and soft covering of the skull, echoencephalography (ExoEG) is a sign of growth in the development of kintsev complexes, it is not easy to bring to pardon when interpreting the results. In cich vipadkahs, they are not on the cob, but on the endurance complex of signals from the inner surface of the brush to the M-moon with higher values ​​of the value of this compensation according to the formulas we see.

With bilateral hemispheric hematomas, with hematomas of the posterior cranial fossa, as well as with frontopolar and basal localization of large hemorrhages, the diagnostic value of the method of echoencephalography (EHEH) is significant, as well as its lower In a number of diagnostics possibilities of multi-axis single-axis echoencephalography (ExoEG), when you use special attachments for a lock, there is a "dead" space and a wide range of ultrasonic pressure is reached.

When sparing for the dynamism of traumatic ailments, the brain begins to measure the slurry system (mainly for the value of the ventricular index) and the value of the pulsation (in the cells according to the ratio to the M-exo-signal). Strengthening the pulsation tighten the cores to the build-ups of the internal cranial vise. Normalization of pulsation and changes in the slurry system during echoencephalography (ExoEG) is an indicator of a sympathetic interruption of traumatic ailments to the brain. Visibility pulsation on echoencephalography (ExoEG) is an additional criterion, which is indicative of cerebral blood circulation in the type of thermal Komi.

In the last few days, the method of multi-axis EchoEG and echopulseography, allowing the estimation of the shape and amplitude of pulsating echo signals from the courts and the walls of the shutter system, to start the degree of dislocation in the course of the judgment

The main advanced method is those who help to diagnose illnesses, how to produce internal cranial structures from the middle line of the brain. In this hour, echoencephalography is increasingly being replaced by computer tomography (CT) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).

Headache is a symptom, which can be a great number of pathologies. It can be either for a short hour or for a long time, so that people are interested in their right hands. In case of a little pain, it is necessary to turn to a neuropathologist to find out the reason for it. Inodi Daniy is a symptom after poorly ill, Scho develop in the brain. Some people do not know about important damages of the nervous system. In order to determine the reason for the diagnosis, a special dosage is carried out - an echoencephalography of the brain. The zavdyaki can be zyasuvati, є in people, the structural deterioration of the chi ni.

Echoencephalography of the brain

Schob assess the body of the brain, carry out developmental methods. Among them - a computer that magnetic resonance tomography, electrical potentials (EEG). Yak and in the bagatokh medical galuzy, in neurology, the ultrasound method of follow-up is used. Before new echoencephalography of the brain is carried out. In children of the early age, it is not possible to call it neurosonography (NSG). Uninvolved by the emergence of new technologies, this method is actively recognized by doctors. It is tied together with that, how echoencephalography is involved in the non-invasive and non-invasive dosages of cerebral structures. Vona allows you to diagnose bagato neurological illness... In addition, it is often the case with Doppler head judgments. The experts in these methods can be judged not only about the brain, but about his blood loss.

Shown for performing echoencephalography

Dane doslіdzhennya є to be informative, so how can you allow the great spectrum neurological pathologies... Echoencephalography of the brain is one of the methods of visualization, training in health and ultrasound. acknowledge dane doslіdzhennya It can be both neuropathologists and foreign practitioners. Shown for carrying out ExoEG is a patient's scarg, which may indicate the pathologies of the brain. Naybіlsh widen the drive for the passage of the procedure to enter the head bіl. For people who are sick, the symptom of a very turbulent patient is less likely to be deprived of a problem when they are too busy for a change in the weather minds. In іnshikh - bіl was transferred to people gradually, not giving the opportunity to practice and receive. In both cases, it is necessary to carry out an EchoEG, so that you can see more symptoms in some way to indicate the importance of the pathology to the brain. The most indicated for ultrasound dosage heads є loss of sleep, memory, noise from the vuhah, headache.

What kind of echoencephalography should be spent for children?

Children have one of the best methods of neurological care. In the first place, there is a proof-of-concept, as well as the painlessness of the procedure. Krym tsyogo, ExoEG is not a special training and informative method. Shown for її carrying out also, scho і for grown-ups. In addition, there are some mischiefs, as you will be attracted to the childish population. Among them:

1. Covering the development of the country. The process can be linked to the damage of hormonal regulation, as it goes to the brain.
2. Syndrome of deficiency of respect and hyperactivity. Tse zhvoryuvannya be psychological in nature, the alley reason may be structural damage. Danish syndrome manifests itself through deafness, lack of hearing, lack of progress in science, zuhvalnoy behavior. Most often they are diagnosed in 5-8 years.
3. Enurez is not a sechovipuskannya.
4. When staging a diagnosis of "hydrocephalus", ExoEG is necessary for assessing the degree of severity of pathology.

Neurosonography is seen in newborns and children of a child's life. The view of the given dosage is those who are very much allowed to look at the structure of the brain. It’s worth noting that it’s dzhereltsya in small children when they see the skull. Shown for carrying out NSG vvazhayutsya ruin sleep, rapt scream, zatrimka dikhannya, ryasne zriguvannya. In general, until the end of the day it does not appear from echoencephalography. Mechanism for making adjustments and the technique of identifying both methods is identical.

Options for performing echoencephalography

Isnu 2 types of ExoEG. The smell of the same is shown, but sometimes one is seen from one. Echoencephalography in the M-mode is intended for the identification of such pathologies, such as the movement of the internal cranial grip, the setting in the head of the fluff). The Danish method allows the visualization of pathological changes, but does not allow the ability to diagnose them with precision.

Schob is more detailed about the structure of the brain, one-dimensional echoencephalography is shown. Likari recommend a prescription for adolescents for intracranial hypertension, hidrocephalus in children. The Danish option of carrying out the procedure gives the possibility of evaluating the following parameters: the size of the holes in the brain, the value of the change M-ex, the ventricular index, etc.

Technique for the presentation of education for children

Fathers often ask food: why can't you viclicati side effects echoencephalography of the brain in children, dezrobiti is more beautiful, like a baby? Slid of the nobility, scho Danish method the visualization is absolutely not awkward. Win not vimag for special training and may be viconious in any hour dobi. If EhoEG is necessary to hold the little child, then the father is asked to shake his head in the singing position with a stretch of decilkokhilin. Doslіdzhennya is held in 2 stages:

1. Transmіsіynі. It’s like this: 2 sensors are installed on the surface of the head, the stench is guilty but roztasvani on 1 axis from the other sides. The first probe gave a sound signal, which was transmitted to the next one. The staff of the tsomu numbered such an indicator, like the middle line of the head.
2. Емісійний stage. Farther away, the routing is carried out behind the aid of one sensor, which is installed in that mission, so the signal can be heard more clearly. Schob discern all structures, likar step by step change the attachment on the surface of the head.

What kind of snakes can you beat the brain during echoencephalography?

There are two stages of EchoEG carrying out it is possible to develop damage to the brain. In pershu chergu lіkar viznacha middle line. The change of structures, as a result of which a part of the healthy and healthy speech can be improved. Shvidko and infallibly diagnostics allow only the echoencephalography of the brain in children. The norm of the protein indicator does not mean to talk about the incidence of ailments.

To that, right away from the knowledge of the middle line, the attack likar to another stage. You can find youmu dreamers in the form of a hydrocephalus - the appearance of a wintry line in the little ones in the brain or in the shells. Also, for the additional sensor shift, there is a volume of illumination. Prescribing allows the assessment of speech to the brain from both sides. The clearest signal is the sound of the sound that goes out of the middle structures. The stench is called M-exo i mayut great value for diagnostics.

Can I get sick?

Echoencephalography of the brain is indicated in case of severe craniocerebral injuries, as well as scargs from the side of the patient or his father. Anyone who has been working for a long time can see the following damage:

1. Hydrocephalus. The whole symptom is more often observed in children, even more often in small children and in the middle of grown-ups.
2. Pidvischennya of the internal cranial vise. You may have a head injury, brain damage. In some cases, internal cranial hypertension does not change their minds. The main symptoms of the pathology are jamming, nasal bleeding.
3. Puff up the brain.
4. Hematomi.
5. Abscesses and bones, which are found in the speech of the brain.
6. Adenoma of the hypophysis.

When EchoEG is recognized with Doppler ultrasound, it is possible to diagnose pathologies such as stroke and dyscirculatory encephalopathy ( chronic ischemia).

for children: deciphering

If the results are read, they estimate M-exo, cob and kintsev complex. Pathological changes are diagnosed when the average line is changed by 2 mm more. Їх permitting the development of echoencephalography to the brain. The decoding of the results is carried out by the Fakhivite according to the following standards:

1. M-exo maє roztashovuvatisya in the middle, tobto MD = MS. Splitting the signal to go out from there, to indicate the internal cranial hypertension. Between the pulsations of the M-moon in the norm, it fluctuates from 10 to 30%. Zbіlshennya tsієї magnitude to talk about hypertensive-hydrocephalic syndrome.
2. Average selllar index in normal roads 3.9-4.1.
3. Zsuv M-eha 5 mm uphill switch pro hemorrhagic insult, Down - about ishemia.
4. The norm is guilty but it is index III creeper (22-24) and medial style (4-5).

Perevagi and shortcomings of the given doslіdzhennya

Yak і be-yake a lifetime, EhoEG is overwhelmed and short. The whole method has appeared long ago, to the thought of deyaky likarіv, є it has become old. It will be explained by the great number of new adaptations for the advancement of the brain, which give more accurate information about pathological processes. For example, magnetic resonance tomography allows the smoothness of fabrics in a wide range of ways and in the appearance of new knowledge. Protect echoencephalography will be extended by the diagnostic method, since there is a plus. In pershu chergu, the Danian method is without baking. This is often used for children and women. Also, it is not in the middle of the great vitrats, special preparation for an hour. Zavdyaki can be viciously sick to the brain.