vivchar of Svyatopolk Izyaslavich. Torchin for nationalism. V.M. Tatishchev calls Yogo Berdієm and vvazhaє, scho vin єvnuh Svyatopolk. 1097 fate Berendy, following the order of Svyatopolk, took the fate of the blinded Vasilko Rostislavich.

Vіdmіnne vyznachennya

Not exactly appointed ↓

BERENDE

in Russian chronicles it is written like Berendichi and Pereyden; tse words'yanіzovane tribe'ya nevіdomogo pozhennya; at the XII century b. lived on the forest-steppe outskirts of Kievan Rus; often zgaduyutsya at once from Torkami, moreover, those and іnshі small and spіlnі prіzvіska Porsyan, Chornikh Klobukіv, Cherkasіv. Im'ya Perendey looks like an exact translation of the Scandinavian sense of the name Torkiv: insults from their root, Thor and Peren, mean one and the same pagan god - a thunderbolt, first among the Scandinavians, friend among Rusiv and Slov'yan. In Great Russia until recently, in the name of Berendiev, a kazkovo retelling about a supernatural force appeared, perhaps, as vaguely guessing about the Scythian deity Berendiv and the words of the Russian-Russian Perun.

Not exactly appointed ↓

UDC 821. 161.1

Khriptulova Tetyana Mykolaivna, Candidate of Philological Sciences, Associate Professor, Doctoral Candidate of the Department of Philological Ambush and Literary Work, Tver State University, Tver, Russia [email protected] sh

"BERENDIAN KINGDOM" N.I. TRYAPKINA

At the lyric N.I. The tryapkina Russian kazkova tradition is represented by various kazkovy types and images, which bear witness to the poet's numerical examples. Bringing respect to one of the poetic kazkovy images of verses - Tsar Berendey. For the poet, the samples of the image of the "Berendeian kingdom" showed important traditions of the spring literary fairy tale A.N. Ostrovsky "Snіguronka".

Key words: N.I. Tryapkin, O.M. Ostrovsky, enchanting fairy tale, tradition.

KHRIPTULOVA Tatyana Nikolayevna, Candidate for Doctorate in Philology, Associate Professor, Chair of Philological Aspects of Publishing and Literary Creative Work, Tvyer State University,

Tvyer, Russia [email protected]

BERENDEY TZARDOM INTERPRETED BY N.I. TRYAPKIN

Tradition of literary interpretation of Russian fairy tales in Tryapkin's lyric poetry is represented by diversos magic characters and images, and multiple examples of poems evidence it. One of the brightest examples of poetic myth images at Poet vyvchaєtsya importantly in your interests before "Berendey tzardom" before the onset of tradition of literary variation by Ostrovsky of the spring fairytale "The Snow Maiden".

Key words: N.I. Tryapkin, A.N. Ostrovsky, Berendey, fairy tale, tradition.

Poeziya N.I. Tryapkina is a folding and original alloy of traditional Russian and light literature. Successors bacheled in Tryapkina, the promoter of Russian classical poetry (A. Pushkin, M. Lermontov, F. Tyutchev, N. Nekrasov) and the successor of older contemporary writers (M. Isakovsky, A. Tvardovsky, N. Rubtsov, N. Zabolotsky, Ya. Smі -lyakova), put yoga lyrics at the uninterrupted link with the achievements of the Russian poetry of the XX century. (B. Slutsky, V. Sokolov, Yu. Kuznetsov). Ale was the only one, no less important for Tryapkin, dzherelo yogo poetic spirit - Russian folk art. Tse confirm richly yogo speech, testify to the poet’s creativity: the artist shoos and knows folk wisdom, deciphers and works to approach it in his creations, turning to different folklore genres: bilinguals, songs, passages, fairy tales.

In Tryapkin's lyric poetry, the Russian kazkova tradition is represented by various kazkovy types and images that match the numerical examples of the poet's verses. For example, at the verse "Kostroma" (1958) the most recent Russian place stands in front of the reader at the kazkovy light:

There are rudi elk at the great snowfall On the firewood to schools to transport the lads,

There is Tsar Berendey on Prospect Zhive,

And fairy tales, scho babtsі, sit white thief.

Bringing respect to one of the poetic images of the verse - Tsar Berendey.

“Berendey” – wild nomads, a nomadic tribe of the Turkic campaign – are guessing at Russian chroniclers from 1097 r. until the end of the XII century. "Berendiev's Kingdom" by O.M. Ostrovskiy at his song "Sniguronka". Autumn 1848 playwright, crossing from Moscow to Shchelikovo through Pereslavl-Zaleskiy, Rostov, Yaroslavl, Kostroma, sensing the mystic legend about the kingdom of happy berendeev, how the wise and kind king ruled. Nowhere is it said, by what path Berendey came to power, but, without a trace, he rightfully ruled her. The kingdom of the Berendievs, following popular retellings, was rebuking the houses of the famous Berendiev swamp, near which, on the island, the relics of the ancient settlement were preserved. In this rank, the playwright called me “having looked” at the litopis, or taking yoga from toponyms.

Let's try to sort out the structure of the "bearing of the kingdom" from Ostrovsky's "Sniguronka" p'esi and from Tryapkin's verses.

For his own fantasy, the playwright has shaped the form of a poetic spring fairy tale, the structural organization of which is such that it can have two kingdoms in the world. One of those, from whom the rozpovіd is begun. Other than those that are opposed to the real world. Berendiev’s kingdom of Ostrovsky may have control over geography, my own laws, the power of the hour. It is absolutely and self-sufficient. This world is not ideal, but happy. Vdachі she pobut berendeїv simple. Berendey peacefully, "Berendeya Power" "with the light of red", "Merry Grad

kraїnі berendeїv/Radosnі pіsnі po gay i dolakh”. At the Ostrovsky Berendey, they lead a way of life, the ruling majority of the tribes that inhabited the middle swarm of the Slavic lands. One of the main characters of Ostrovsky's p'esi - Spring, like the Force of Nature - to say about Berendey: "stink without turbo"; “parts of that holy day play” - a great manifestation in their life. Berendey do not know what kind of interpersonal wars, kokhannya protect like a shrine.

In Tryapkin's lyric "Berende's kingdom" - tsya "gloomy country", with її "powerful nature", similar to Russia, the winter here is the same, as here the fox has a middle smuga:

For the blue crypt,

For spring water

Call me childish fairy tales of nature,

On the white mountain, to the methyl forest,

See the old Zymorogu.

Pine crypt, deaf pass ...

I hear the taemnu flute of nature,

I'm going through dreams, I don't dare to throw myself,

To the glade of childishness, to the country of Berendey.

In the European literary tradition, the forest is a symbol of human oman. The Russians have a need for help, as soon as they come, if there are no signs of the check, the presence of secret forces. The mystery of the Russian fox is more beckoning, lower lakaє: “On the red burn, in the battle of the voices, De hmari with thunders lead the roar, De pines and yalinkas sigh about Leli ...”.

It is important that the name "Lel" belonged to one of the deities in the pagan pantheon of words, which was celebrated with Cupid. In Ostrovsky, you carry the image of Lel in yourself and in reality (in the playwright’s “kazts” the young Lel is a shepherd), and the beginning of a fairy tale, although you don’t show yourself like the image of Snow Maiden. In both writers, Lel is a non-turbulent winding of the lot, a lover of girls, a musician sings and a musician (Tryapkin Lel plays on the "prophecy sopilci"). Zagaly diysnist, breaking with the evidence of writers, often nabuvaet fantastic rice. In the pregnant kingdom, people and kazkovy things get along (for Ostrovsky: Ves-na-Krasna, Did-Moroz, Lisovik, Sniguronka; for Tryapkin - “forge-shibeniks”, “Frost, which lifted the vus”, Yalinka, Bayan, “ bearded "lіs").

At Ostrovsky, Tsar Berendey is a dbailivy and fair ruler, who diligently caused Yarili’s anger in the “wrong” life of his followers. Yogo Volodinnya to transform into the arena, avenge the Sonyachny God. In Tryapkin, Tsar Berendey - “an unseen appearance”, a charming stoicity, which indulges in his own folk culture with folk butts, with its breadth and magical meaning:

And about our strong root, I’ll tell you more boldly:

My names are numerous boyars and princes!

Not on noble coats of arms, but in our humps Qiu Rus is the beginning of Tsar Berendey.

The conflict that embraces the light of Berendey Ostrovsky (“warmth” and “cold”) permeates the social aspect, in Tryapkin’s “warmth” and “cold” - it’s not a conflict, but there are no warehouses of the natural world (winter and summer, like pori rock). The first harmony of the world of the “bearing of the kingdom” by Tryapkin lies in its anger with nature, and, therefore, in the new order of the lyrical hero:

Swept gloomy, swept rocks,

The lands are changing, the waters are changing.

And I'm stitches, and stitches, and knocks I trim on the mark, I take bail,

And I tsі pisnі, rіzhki and sopіlka Khotіv bi sack in the native kolistsi,

De red burn, de galasli fight,

De I'm on duleytsі shukav sort it out.

I heard in the lands of the commandments Vedi,

Sitting on a stump for a high talk... .

Later, the folk-poetic culture specifically broke in the poetry of Tryapkin, adopting the “pure look”, and through the literary tradition, zokrema, through the tradition of A.N. Ostrovsky. For the poet, trying to get close to the folk-kazkovo Russia, the traditions of the spring literary fairy tale of Ostrovsky “Sniguronka” appeared close to him.

1. Burdakova T. Who is in the Kingdom of Berendey // Literature No. 1. 2000 - S. 5-7.

2. Solovyova U. Berendzhevsky kingdom // Literature. No. 1. 2000. - S. S-9.

3. Bogdanova Z. Mythological motives in the plot of the p'esi "The Snow Maiden" // Literature. No. 1. 2000. - S. 10-11.

4. Kosheleva I.M. Folklore light in the poetry of M. Tryapkin, Yu. Kuznetsov, V. Visotsky: Ways of realizing folklore quotations in the verse text. Dis. ... cand. philologist. Sciences. - Biysk. 2005. -177 p.

b. Tryapkin N.I. Similar to: Virshi. - M: Hood. litera, 19S4. – 560 p.

b. Tryapkin N.I. Iluki: Virshi. - M: Young Guard, 19S7. – 159 p.

1. Burdakova T. Who is who in TSarstve Berendeya // Literatura No. 1. 2000 - S. 5-7.

2. Soloviev V. Bereniev kingdom // Literatura. No. 1. 2000. - S. S-9.

3. Bogdanova S. Mythological motives in suzhete pesy "Snegurochka" // Literatura. No. 1. 2000. - S. 10-11.

4. Kosheleva I.N. Folk world in the poetry of N. Tryapkina, YU. Kuznetsov, V. Visotsky: Ways of creation of folklornoj tsitatsii in poetic text. Diss. ... cand. filolog. science. - Biysk. 2005. -177 p.

b. Tryapkin N.I. Selected: Stiktocreation. – M.: Khud. lit-ra, 19S4. - Bb0 s.

b. Tryapkin N.I. ІзLUки: Stiktocreation. - M.: Molodaya gvardiya, 19S7. - 159 p.

If the word "Berendey" is used, most of the inhabitants of our country seem to be zagalneno-old-Russian, Kazkov. Chi that tribe is like a kshtalt vyatichiv chi radimichiv, which is tied with Russian folk tales. Before the traditional Russian culture, the Berendey vocal-instrumental ensemble, approvals of the Moscow Forestry Engineering Institute on the cob of the 70s, were applauded. XX Art.

A piece of truth in these statements. The correct ethnonym “Berende” was first mentioned in “The Story of the Past Years” under 1096 rock. Forget the stench like a military force, which takes the fate of the international struggle, which vibrated after the blindness of Prince Vasilko Terebovlsky. A reader who does not know the ancient Russian literary writings may have had a few chimes: Berendey there guessed like a nomadic tribe, which was wildly mixed with torks and livers. Moreover, the boules are especially close to Berendya, judging by the mustache, the Torks are a Turkic tribe, as they say to me, that they belonged to the Oghuz subgroup of the Turkic mov. To tsієї movnoї grupi lie, for example, modern Turkish, Azerbaijani and Turkmen mov.

About the proximity of Torkіv and Berendeyv to tell a piece of facts.

Firstly, in different Viysk zitsknennyah, described in Russian chronicles, torcs and berendey always appear from one side of the barricade. The Polovtsy (the people, who also spoke in Turkic language, but lying down to the other side, disputed with the current Tatars) sometimes come out at the union with torks and berendeys, and sometimes they fight. So, for example, in "The Story of Past Years" it is mentioned that in 1105 the famous Polovtsian Khan Bonyak went on a campaign to Torkiv and Berendey. Nothing is said about the results of this campaign, but the fact that Torquay and Berendey are standing on one side, and the Polovtsians on the other side is even more revealing.

In a different way, in the past few years, there will be a torchin, a vivchar (that is a servant, a kind of guardian for saving the flock of sheep) of Prince Svyatopolk Izyaslavich. Tsei torchin (tobto a person from the Torkiv tribe) appeared as the head diy special at the right of the blind of Prince Vasilko Terebovlsky. Having wielded the same wine with a knife, turning Vasilkov's eyes. Tsey torchin names on im'ya - Yogo Berendey's name was. So the word Berendey could act not only as an ethnonym, but as a special name. From whom it is possible to grow whiskers, that pregnant women could not be a people, but as an ethno-political group, that the gang-principal had a name for them. With a similar rank, they took away their ethnonym legs, whose name they tie with the Golden Orda beklerbek Nogaj, who is alive at the XIII century. So such a practice within the framework of the Turkic civilization was founded, but it could also be implemented among the Berendeys.

Berendey's hips lived on the pivdenno-zahidny cordons of Russia, which is why the stench is especially often figured in the intermediary essences of the pivdenno-Russian princes. On the other hand, the mobility of the nomadic warrior allowed them to easily move around on different routes. In 1146, the fate of the stench took its fate from the slaughtered Kiev by a representative of the Monomakh's head of the Rurikovich family - Izyaslav Msislavich. Shards of Russian princes often victorious victorious forces of the Berendeys and other nomadic peoples among their warriors, part of the nomads settled on the banks of the river Ros. All at once, the stench began to be called "Black Hoods". The word "hood" at the same time means a black hat, but a long-time Russian hat was called like that. Obviously, such a name viniklo through those that the nomads actually wore black hats.

The toponymic data give information about those who gave part of the Berendey (I know, as an important military resource) was relocated by Yuri Dolgoruky and Andriy Bogolyubsky to the territory of Pivnichno-Skhidnoy Rus. Remember about tse zberigaє, for example, naming the village of Berendiev in the Yaroslavl region.

After the Mongol-Tatar heap, I am Berendey in knowledge of the litopis. Obviously, Tokri and Berendey, who continued to lead the steppe, nomadic way of life, were educated at the formation of the Tatar population of the Golden Ordi, and those, who leaned in the depths of Russian territories, step by step began to grow up with the words "Yansky Mas".

There is a lack of food: why in the mass gathering of Berendey, Turkic nomads stand at the sight of “kazkovy words”, and not vorogivs-stepoviks?

The great Russian writer Oleksandr Mikolayovich Ostrovsky (1823 - 1886) is to blame for this. So, so, the same one who wrote "Thunderstorm" (remember: Katerina, "promin light in the dark kingdom" and else, in the house of all these schools). Krym tsієї chudovoї p'єsi, Ostrovskiy є the author of more than a few dozen works, among them many people occupy the novel performed by the song "Snіguronka", first staged on the stage of the Great Theater in 1873. In the same time, in this p'єsі berendeї, from the old Turkic nomads, they pretended to be on the occasion. In p'єsi figuruє "Zarіchna slobіdka Berendіїvka", її meshkantsі - "berendiї", and navіt "tsar Berenediy".

Why did Ostrovsky come up with such a wondrous name for his obvious people? Unseen. Greater than everything, the rank of the foreseen village near the peacefully Russian old city of Yaroslavl rose to the occasion. Before the speech, it is known only for three hundred kilometers from the yogo sadibi of Shcholikovo. Not knowing the writer, what are the Russian names of the Yaroslavl land outside of the world. And maybe knowing that Ostrovsky Buv was miraculously illuminated, but yogo added the word itself, as if it were a long time ago.

The popularity of the story, invented by Ostrovsky, was especially popular after the fact that, in 1968, the miraculous actor and director Pavlo Petrovich Kadochnikov, having shot the fairy tale film “Snіguronka”, was amazed more than once by all the children of Radyansk. Kadochikov himself starred in the film of the wise Tsar Berendey. Decorate the barvista, talanovita gra actors, everything did more damage to the watchers. In such a rank, and zakripivsya at the svіdomosti yaskraviy, ale pardon the image of "kazkovy words'yan berendeїv".

The stench of the future is haunted in Russian chronicles at the link with a greater early sign: Berendey together with torcs and pechenigs laid the union with the Terebovl prince Vasilko Rostislavich.

The nomads, called by the litopis "their filthy ones", were more like fools. The stench started to preserve independence and constantly imposed a federal form of mutual relations on Russia. The Russian princes categorically protested and protested the insane vassal obedience. Conflicts were often blamed on this soil between the parties. About one of them, the litopis tells about 1121: “At the summer of 6629. Volodymyr Berendych’s run from Russia, and Torts and Pechenizs themselves big”.

At the struggle of the Grand Duke Yaropolk Volodymyrovich with the Chernigiv Vsevolod Olgovich in 1139, 30 thousand berendeevs came to the aid of the Kiev prince, nibito messages from the Ugrian king. S.A. Pletnova admits that the horde itself was tse bula, like Volodymyr Monomakh won out of Russia in 1121 roci. Yaropolk nadav hordes for the shepherds of the land in Porossi, and from that hour the Berendey became allies of Russia.

Close to 1146, a tribal union settled down, in the presence of a name black hoods(berendey, torks, pechenigs and others) became the “vasal” of Russia until the new one.

1155 to the year of the Berendey, they were rebuked in the service of Yuriy Dolgoruky (1155 to 1157 of the year) at the hour of the yogi of the Kiev princedom, they were buried in a full of rich polovtsіv. They went to the steppe for help, went to Kiev and asked the prince to punish the Naimants to turn their captives, but then they were inspired: “We are dying for the Russian land with your son and we lay down our heads for your honor, and fights are our power.”

Toponymy data to tell about those that part of the Berendey Bula was resettled to the Volodymyr-Suzdal land (Berendyev settlement, Berendyev st., Berendyev bog and in.). A. S. Pletnyov vvazha, scho tsі berendeї nayіmovіrnіshe were relocated from Porose by Yuri Dolgoruky and Andriy Bogolyubsky at the period of їkhny volodynnya the Kiev table. Tsiliy row of toponyms [what? ] in Western Ukraine, it also permits the transfer of resettlement there to a group of black hoods. About the presence of berendeevs at the Viysk Volinsky prince, the Ipatiivsky litopis, dated 1158 rec. It can be assumed that the "Volyn" Berendey from the Viysk Mstislav Izyaslavich was translated into Volyn from Porose by the father Izyaslav Mstislavovich during the period, if the wines were captured by the Kiev style, and Volyn was actually controlled. The Іpatiїvsky litopis repeatedly signifies that Izyaslav Mstislavovich adorned with great love at black hoods. Imovirno, scho rebuying the post-yni fight for Kiev from Yury Dolgoruky and, dvіchi, being vygnanim, from Kiev, Izyaslav added about the resettlement of a part of the black hoods to Volin, for analogy with the resettlement of the Berendey to Volodymyr-Suzdal lands. In this rank, at the time of the Kiev table, Izyaslav automatically lost control over the black hoods of Poros, but at the same time, “volinsky” berendeis were lost from him.

The stench lived at the vіddanikh їm on the anniversary of the Russian places, and then they fell asleep and some of their own: Torchesk, Sakov, Berendichev, Berendєvo, Izheslavl, Urnaev and others.

The capital of the Chornolobutsky Union of Poros was a large city Torchesk(Tortsk, Tortsk).

The skin horde of splits occupied the whole territory. Berendey took away from the Kiev princes the region at the top of Russia, the center of which was the place of Rostovets. There were boulevards here, as well as small fortified places, written by a litopis. In 1177, the regiments of the Polovtsy “took 6 towns of Berenditsy”, who invaded the borders of Poros, then gave the Russian squads a strike near Rostovets.

The name of the litopisah knows before XIII century. Pid hour Mongol-Tatar bulk Berendey were often assimilated into Golden Horde, often went to Bulgariaі Ugryshchina.

In culture

Vіdoma p'єsa Oleksandr Ostrovskiy Snow Maiden"transfer the peeping to the "kingdom of good berende", as if there are few real berende. The film "Sniguronka" was often filmed near Kostroma, and the place of zyomok later became the park of culture and recreation "Berendiyivka".

Literature

• Suleimenov O. "Black hoods".
• Suleimenov O."Berendey".

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Notes

Literature

• Karamzin N. M. // History of the Russian State. - St. Petersburg. : Type of. N. Grecha, 1816-1829. - T. 2.
• Encyclopedia of Ukrainian Studies - Lviv, 1993. - T. 1. - P. 115.
• // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron: at 86 tons (82 tons and 4 additional). - St. Petersburg. , 1890-1907.

Posilannya

• A. N. Ostrovsky to music Rimsky-Korsakov « Snow Maiden »
• , - Berendey at mythology.

Lesson that characterizes Berendey

In rapture, Prince Ipolit rose up and, with signs of hands, chirping all and asking for the system, speaking:
- Ah! aujourd "hui on m" a raconte une anecdote moscovite, charmante: il faut que je vous en regale. Vous m'excusez, vicomte, il faut que je raconte en russe. [Today, I have come up with an enchanting Moscow anecdote; I need to follow you. Vibachte, viscount, I tell the Russian, otherwise all the power of the anecdote will be lost.]
I Prince Ipolit began to speak Russian such a dog, as the French seem to have tasted the river from Russia. Everyone chimed in: Prince Ipolit respected his history in such a shrill, uncompromising manner.
- Moscou has one lady, une dame. I won't be stingy. Їy bulo mati two valets de pied for the carriage. I arc a great one for the purpose. Tse buv її relish. That one is small une femme de chambre [peace], still a great sight. Vaughn said...
Here Prince Ipolit was thoughtful, maybe, very wisely.
- Vaughn said ... so, she said: "Maiden (a la femme de chambre), dress up the livree [livery] and let's go with me, behind the carriage, faire des visites." [Robity visit.]
Here Prince Ipolit flickered and roared richly early for his hearers, which did not see to warn of the enemy. However, many people, including that lady Ganna Pavlivna, laughed.
- Vaughn went. Znenatska became a strong wind. The maiden spent a drop, and her hair was combed.
Here Vіn is not a moment already more trimming and becoming more and more often laughing and krіz tsey smіh having promoted:
- I know the whole world ...
Tim anecdote and skіnchivsya. Even though it was unreasonable, now it’s necessary for you to grow up in a new Russian language, Prote Hanna Pavlivna and others appreciated the kindness of prince Polite, so accepting unlovingly I stop. Rozmov's anecdote ran into trifles, insignificant bits about the future and the next ball, a performance, about those, if and where to play.

Having acquiesced to Ganny Pavlivna for її charmante soiree, [a charming evening,] the guests began to disperse.