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| For some roci bula kursk battle vіv. The Battle of Kursk: Causes, Perebіg and Traces. Warehouse of parts of the army group "Pivden", seen at the grouping for the attack on Kursk |
Kursk battle. Chronology of SLAVI.As if the battle of Moscow was the butt of heroism and self-confidence, if the battle of Stalingrad did not go well, and the battle of Stalingrad forced Berlin to become bored in plaintive tones, then it left a residual voice of light, that now the German soldier is only just entering e. There will be no more than a happy klaptik of the native land! It is not for nothing that all historians, like civilians, so and viyskov converge in a single thought - Battle of the Kursk River residually signified the result of the Great Vitchiznyana, and at the same time from it, the result of the Other World War. Do not give up sumnivu and those who Significance of the Battle of Kursk Bulo correctly understood all the svіtovim spіvtovaristvo. The battle of Kursk is a prelude.Can you say what Battle of Kursk in brief characterized a new round of rozpodіlі forces on the same front. The Wehrmacht needs a bula victory, a new offensive is needed. The first won was planned for Kursk directly. German advance bearing a code name Operation "Citadel". It was planned to launch two strikes at Kursk from Orel and Kharkiv, Otochiti radyansk parts, smash them and rush to the attack on pіvden. It is characteristic that the German generals still continued to plan the destruction of the Radyansk parts, but more recently, they themselves ate and in the final destruction of Stalingrad. The eye of the staff officers was merciful, otherwise the directives issued by the Fuhrer became very similar to the punishment of the Almighty.
Photo of German tanks and soldiers before the cob of the Battle of Kursk Nіmtsі zіbrali for the present majestic strength. Nearly 900,000 soldiers, over 2,000 tanks, 10,000 armats and 2,000 aircraft.  Exploration of the Battle of Kursk.Admiral Kanaris, the Abwehr clerk of the German military research, not having recognized the style of professional defeats, like the hour of war on the siding front. Perfectly prepared agents, saboteurs and spiguni of the Abwehr, and on the Kursk River were simply hairy. Knowing nothing about the plans of the Radyansk command, roztashuvannya military, "Abwehr" became a fleeting witness to the triumph of the Radyansk rozvydka. On the right, in the fact that the plan of the German attack is already on the table of the commanders of the Radianian troops. Day, hour on the cob will come, all Operation "Citadel" were home. Now all that was left was to open the trap and set a trap. The gra began at the "gut-bear". And how can you not get involved here and not say what kind of gut our troops are now?! Kursk Battle - the cob.I axis mustache started! Early on the 5th day of 1943, the silence over the steppes is living out the rest of the mit, one should pray, one should write the remaining rows of a sheet of kohanoi, one should simply enjoy one more mitt of life. A few years before the German offensive, a wall of lead and fire collapsed on the positions of the Wehrmacht. Operation "Citadel" took off the first hole. On the entire line of the front, on the German positions, there was an artillery strike. The essence of this other blow was not so in the head of the shkodi vorogov, like in psychology. Psychologically, the German troops went on the attack. Cob plan buv is already non-working. During the day of the hard-nosed battles, the Germans could stick out for 5-6 kilometers! І tse unperfected tactics and strategists, whose podkovanі chobots trampled on the European land! Five kilometers! A skin meter, a skin centimeter of the radian land was given to the aggressor with neimovirnym expenses, with non-human practice.
Photo of the battle on the Kursk River (light-handed Radyansky soldiers lead the battle from the German trench, right-handed attack of Russian soldiers) The first day of the battle on the duzi. reached the end. It was already clear that the Wehrmacht had missed the initiative. The General Staff of the Commanders under the Commander of the Army Group Center, Field Marshal Kluge, introduce reserves and other echelons! But only one more day! The battle of Kursk is a standoff.The Russian commanders gave good advice to the German headquarters. And if one German mind is already depleted in Kazan near Stalingrad, then on Kursk Bulge the German generals were resisted by the most talented military leaders. Woke up for six days Operation "Citadel" For six days, the German parts tried to push forward, and for all six days, the stamina and courage of a simple Radyansky soldier saw all the plans of the enemy.
Kursk arc. Photo of Russian infantry, yakі go near the tank
Kursk battle. Photos of the largest tank battle
Kursk battle. Photo of Russian infantrymen on aphids of a destroyed German tank "Tiger"
Battle on the Kursk River. Photo of a Russian tank on aphids of a dead "tiger" Battle of Kursk is the largest tank battle.Not before, not after, the world did not know such a battle. Nearly 1,500 tanks from both sides stretched out on the autumn day of 12 lime 1943 to rock, they fought the most important battles on the narrow spot of the land near the village of Prokhorivka. Spontaneously, acting like tanks and in large numbers, Radyansk tankers covered their names with inexhaustible glory! People were burning in tanks, hitting the mines, the armor did not withstand the impact of German shells, but the battle was thriving. At this moment, nothing more happened, either tomorrow, or tomorrow! The self-confidence of the radyansky soldier, who in a short time zdivuvav light, did not allow the Germans to win the battle itself, nor to strategically improve their positions.
Battle on the Kursk River. Photo of captured German self-propelled guns
Battle on the Kursk River! Photo of a destroyed German tank. Robot Ilyina (written)
Battle near Kursk. Photograph of a destroyed German tank
Battle near Kursk. In the photo, Russian soldiers look at the German self-propelled guns
Kursk battle. In the photo, Russian tank officers look at the holes of the "tiger"
Battle near Kursk. The work of satisfaction! The face of a hero! Battle of Kursk - PodbagsOperation "Citadel" showed the world that the Nazi Germany is not capable of waging aggression. The turning point of Another world war, for the affirmations of absolutely all historians and military fahivtsiv, having stepped on Kursk Duzi. Underestimate meaning of Kursk battles are hard.
Battle near Kursk. Photo of the killed "tiger"
Battle on the Kursk River. In the photo, the self-propelled guns were fired from a direct bomb thrown from a fly
Kursk battle. Photo of a beaten German soldier
Kursk arc! In the photo, a member of the crew of the German self-propelled guns The situation is one of the sides In the spring of 1943, after the completion of the winter-spring battles, on the line of the Radian-German front between the towns of Orel and Belgorod, a majestic ledge was established, directing to the west. This vigin was unofficially called the Kursk Bulge. On the river arches, soldiers of the Radians of the Central and Voronez fronts and the German army groups "Center" and "Pivden" were deployed. The Okrem representatives of the greater commanding forces of Nimechchini proclaimed to the Wehrmacht to go to the defensive divisions, viznazhuyuchi radyansky vіyska, influencing the forces of power, and occupying zmіtsnennyam zakhoplenih territoriy. However, Hitler was categorically against: vіn vvazhav, that the German army is still strong, so that the Radyansk Union will be given a great defeat and a new change of strategic initiative, which is hanging. An objective analysis of the situation showed that the German army is not capable of advancing against all fronts. To that, the offensive borders were destroyed by only one enemy front. Quite logically, the German command took the Kursk Bulge for the command to strike. According to the plan, the Germans were responsible for hitting the straight lines that converge in Orel and Belgorod in a straight line to Kursk. For a successful result, the sharpening and defeat of the troops of the Central and Voronez Fronts of the Chervona Army was ensured. The rest of the operation plan, which took off the code name "Citadel", was finalized on May 10-11, 1943.
On that slope, as if the Germans had decided not to advance in the area of the Kursk Bulge, the plan of offensive forces, which were on the front line, was also created. The defense plan was abandoned as a priority, and the very same implementation of the Chervona Army began at the end of 1943.
Before the beginning of the operation of the military of the Central and Voronez fronts, a total of about 1.2 million people, about 3.5 thousand tanks, 20,000 garmats and mortars, and also 2800 letaks were available. As a reserve on the Stepovy Front, the number was about 580,000 people, 1.5 thousand tanks, 7.4 thousand garmats and mortars, and about 700 aircraft. On the German side, the battle took the fate of 50 divisions, which were available, for various tributes, from 780 to 900 thousand tanks, about 2700 tanks and self-propelled guns, about 10 000 garmats and about 2.5 thousand aircraft. In this rank, until the beginning of the Battle of Kursk, the Chervona army was small in numbers. However, it is not a trace to forget that the military troops were roztashovuvalis in the defense, and also, the German command has little ability to effectively concentrate forces and increase the necessary concentration of military troops on the dilyanka prorivu. KRIM TO, in 1943 Rotsі Nimeska Armia detonated to finish the great Kilkosti new tanks “Tiger”, “Pantier”, and such a thing of the Samokhidni installation “Ferdinand”, Yaki Bulo at the VIISHIC of the Lishha 89 (Z 90 Prutting) themselves became a threat to the chimal for the mind of their competent stosuvannya in the required area. The first stage of the battle. Defense The date of the transition of the German troops to the offensive of the offensive command - the Voronezsky and Central Fronts - was given exactly: for their tribute, the attacks should be cleared in the period from 3 to 6 limes. The day before the beginning of the battle, the Radyansky rozvіdniki far away wanted to say “mova”, as if they told them about those who would start the assault on the 5th line of the Germans.
At about 5:00 a.m., the German artillery preparation began. It didn’t end yet, if the first echelons of the Hitlerites went on the offensive behind the fire shaft. The German infantry for the support of the tanks led the offensive against all the defenses of the 13th Radian army. The head blow fell on the Olkhovatka settlement. The most pressing onslaught was on the right flank of the army in the village of Maloarkhangelsk. The battle was about two and a half years old, the attack was in the distance. After that, the Germans transferred the onslaught to the left flank of the army. About those who were hit by a strong bov їkhnіy onslaught, to note those who, until the end of the 5th line of the 15th and 81st radyansk divisions, stumbled into a private prison. Prote break through the front of the Nazis still did not go into it. For the first day of the battle, the German troops pushed through 6-8 kilometers. 6 lindens of Radiansky Viysk zrobili a counterattack with the forces of two tank, three rifle divisions and a rifle corps for the support of two regiments of guards mortars and two regiments of self-propelled garmats. The front of the strike was folded 34 kilometers. On the back of the Red Army, it was possible to see the Germans for 1-2 kilometers, then the tanks of Radyansk were consumed by the strong fire of the German tanks and self-propelled guns, and after that, as 40 vehicles were spent, zmusheni buli zupinitis. Until the end of the day, the corps of transitions to the defense. The test of a counterattack, struck on the 6th lime, was not a small success. The front moved away less than 1-2 kilometers away. After an unsuccessful attack on Olkhovatka, the Germans killed the susilla near the Poniri station. This station is of little serious strategic importance, covering the Orel-Kursk railroad. Ponyri were well protected by mine fields, artillery and tanks buried near the ground.
The station of Ponir, the German military, zastosuvali self-propelled guns "Ferdinand", as it turned out to be a serious problem for the Radian troops. Trying out the 200-mm frontal armor of these machines, radyansky znaryaddya, was practically not good. For this reason, Ferdinandi's most spent money was recognized in the form of min and air raids. On the rest of the day, when the Germans were storming the Poniri station, it was 12 pm. From the 5th to the 12th lime, important battles took place at the smuse of the 70th army. Here the Nazis attacked with tanks and with infantry for a panuvannya in the line of German aviation. 8 linden to the German Viysks, they broke through the defenses and occupied a sprat of settlements. The localization of the break was left only to the supply of reserves. Until the 11th lime, the Radianska Viysk won a support, as well as an aviation support. Strike pіkuyuchih bombardovnіv zavdal dosit suttєvoї shkodi nіmetskiy parts. On the 15th of the linden, after the fact that the Germans had already left enough of them, on the fields between the villages of Samodurivka, Kutirka and Teplya, the correspondents were catching German equipment. After the war, the chronicle began to be called after-milk "cadres of the s-p_d of Prokhorivka", although there was no ferdinand on Prokhorivka, and the z-p_d of the Teploiy Nimtsy could not evacuate two of the beaten self-propelled guns of this type.
On the 5th lime, the main phase of the battle began. On the front of the Kursk Bulge, the battles were marked by significantly greater tension and were accompanied by serious losses of the radian battles, lower to the pit. The reason for this was the mist, the most suitable tanking of tanks, and a number of organizational prorakhunkivs only on the level of the Radyansk front command. The head blow of the German troops was in charge of bridling the highway Bilgorod - Oboyan. Qiu dilyanka front was pacified by the 6th Guards Army. The first attack took place on the 6th anniversary of the 5th lime near the village of Cherkaske. There were two attacks for the support of tanks and aircraft. Offensive buli was struck, after which the Germans suffered a direct blow near the village of Butovo. In the battles near Cherkasky, the enemy practically managed to break through the gap, but at the cost of important losses, the radyansky warriors defeated the youma, often spending up to 50-70% of the special stock of parts. With a stretch of 7-8 limes, the lindens moved in the distance, having recognized the intrusion, poked out for 6-8 kilometers, and then stepped on Oboyan, snaking. The enemy shukav in the weak place of the Radian defense and, it seemed, knew yoga. This time, I went straight to the station Prokhorovka, which no one could see for the time being.
The battle near Prokhorivka can be called the most talked about and super articulate episode of the Battle of Kursk. The framework of these stats does not give the opportunity to report on the analysis of yoga, so we can get away with it, which will give approximate numbers of costs. The Germans irrevocably spent about 80 tanks and self-propelled guns, the Radians' troops spent about 270 vehicles. Another stage. advance
On the side of the Nimtsiv, the battles were occupied by the grouping of troops, which consisted of 37 divisions. According to current estimates, the number of German tanks and self-propelled guns, which took their part in the battles under the Eagle, was close to 560 vehicles. The Radyansk battles were a little serious numerical superiority over the enemy: on the head straights, the RSCA reversed the German battles six times for the number of fury, five times for the number of artillery, 2.5-3 times behind the tanks. The German infantry divisions defended themselves on the good fortification of the army, possessed by dart fences, minefields, machine-gun nests and armored packs. Uzdovzh berezhіv r_k by fortune-telling sappers were buoyed by anti-tank crossings. It should be noted that the work on the defensive lines of the Germans was still completed at the time of the beginning of the counteroffensive.
Regardless of the enemy’s opposition, before the 25th line of the Chervonoy Army, the Germans decided to proceed to the introduction of military forces from the Orlovsky bridgehead. On the cob of the sickle began the battle for the place Orel. Until the 6th of September, the place was full of calls to the Nazis. On the last day of the Oryol operation, the operation entered its final phase. On the 12th sickle, battles began for the town of Karachov, which lasted until the 15th sickle and ended with the defeat of the grouping of the German troops, as if they were defending the entire settlement. Until 17-18 September, the Radian troops reached the defensive line "Hagen", prompted by the Germans to leave Bryansk. On the official date of the cob I will step on the front of the Kursk Bulge 3 scythes. However, the Germans proceeded to step-by-step advancement of the troops from the positions of the 16th limestone, and from the 17th limestone, the units of the Chervonoy Army began to re-search the enemy, as if up to the 22nd limestone it went into a deep attack, as it zapped approximately in the same positions, I kі radianski vіyska occupied at the time the cob of Kursk battles. . The command led to the non-gay continuation of the combat missions, prote through the air force, and therefore the date was postponed by 8 days. Until the 3rd sickle, 50 rifle divisions, about 2,400 tanks and self-propelled guns, over 12,000 garmats were present at the troops of the Voronezsky and Stepovoy Fronts. About the 8th anniversary of the wound, after the artillery preparation, the radyansky military began to attack. On the first day of the operation, the passage of parts of the Voronezsky front fell from 12 to 26 km. The soldiers of the Stepovoy Front slipped through less than 7-8 kilometers during the day. 4-5 sickles were sharpened battles for the liquidation of the Bіlgorod enemy grouping and fortifications from the German troops. Until the evening, Bilgorod was taken by part of the 69th army and the 1st mechanized corps. Until the 10th sickle, the Radianska troops crossed the Kharkiv-Poltava railroad. It was about 10 km to the outskirts of Kharkov. On September 11, the Germans launched a strike in the area of Bogodukhov, which significantly slowed down the pace of the advance of both fronts of the RCA. The battles were baked until the 14th sickle. The steppe front of the Viishovs on the nearest approach to Kharkov on the 11th sickle. On the first day, persistent parts of success were not small. The battles on the outskirts of the place lasted until 17 lime. Heavy losses have recognized the offending parties. Like the Radyanskys, so in the German parts, they didn’t seldom bully, they had 40-50 osibs, or even less. The remaining counterattack of the Germans was led by Okhtirka. Here they managed to create a local breakthrough, but globally the situation has not changed yet. 23 scythes roared the massing of the assault on Kharkov; This very day is considered the date of the chosen place and the end of the Battle of Kursk. In fact, the battles near the city were more than pinned down to 30 sickle, if the excess of the German support was strangled. The fatal defeat of the German-fascist army and the allies under Stalingrad in 1942/43, the fate of the fascist bloc was shaken by the vshchent. The funeral ring of church bells, which was moonlight at the Nimechchina in the first lute days of 1943, recounting the ringing of the world about the tragic finale of the Battle of Stalingrad for the Wehrmacht. The brilliant victory of the Chervonoy Army on the banks of the Volga and the Don struck a majestic enemy against the vastness of the world. First, from the cob of Another world war before the Hitlerite Nimechchina, in all yogo irreversibility, the mayor’s threat of imminent shock fell. Її military mіts, the morale of the army and the populace were grossly undermined, and the prestige in the eyes of the allies was seriously stolen. In order to improve the internal political camp of the Reich and avoid the collapse of the fascist coalition, the Hitlerite command decided in 1943 to carry out a great offensive operation on the central division of the Radian-German front. At the same time, it was possible to destroy the grouping of the Radianian troops, which was on the Kursk ledge, to reopen the strategic initiative and turn the war on its own selfishness. However, the Nazi clique will be renewed - in time! - Zhorstoko blundered, overestimating her strength and underestimating the strength of the Red Army. Until the summer of 1943, the situation on the Radyansk-Nimets front had already changed to the bitterness of the Radyansk Union. As a result of the self-improvement of the work of the Radian people, the organizing and surging activity of the Radian ceramics, the Viysk-political camp of the SRSR at that time was even more marked. The strike force of that fiery city of the Chervonoi Army became a rich thing, lower in 1941-1942 and in the first half of 1943, even as the Nazi Nimechchini did not manage to bring the total number of its military forces on the Skhidny Front to equal, reached until the autumn of 1942. Until the beginning of the Battle of Kursk, there was a huge gain in strength and security on the side of the Chervonoy Army: in people - 1.1 times, in artillery - 1.7 times, in tanks - 1.4 times, and in combat aircraft - 2 times.
At one of the tank factories near Nimechchyna In view of the fact that the Chervona Army led a strategic initiative and overthrew the enemy in strength and especially in defenses, the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command announced the beginning of the summer-autumn campaign of 1943 with broad offensive actions and the leader of the head strike on the air strike nomu strategic direct. Until the beginning of the rich closure of the side of the inlet in 1943, the line to the front with a length of 2100 km passed through the Barents Sea to the exit from Murmansk, then went to Karelia, 100-200 km to the exit from the Radyansk-Finland Corridor Don, far along the river Svir to Leningrad, potim, Novgorod she turned the stars to Veliky Lukam anew, and then on a pivdenniy descend, to Kirov. After someone won, she hung on the “Orlovsky Balcony” and looked far to the rear, at the side of the enemy, so I call the Kursk Bulge. Farther the line of the front went to the pivdenniy chіd, to the pіvnіch vіd of Bilgorod, to the сhіd to the Kharkiv, zvіdti to the pіvden, rivers Sіverskiy Donets and Mіus, along the shores of the Sea of Azov to the Taman Pivostrov, where the enemy tsdarm. On this space, over 2 yew. km from the Barents Sea to the Black Sea, there were 12 Radian fronts, which were opposed by 4 German army groups, including the German army and the Finnish army.
At the future advance of the German command, the command was investing in new armored vehicles - jaguars, tigers and panthers Politichne and the military kerіvnitstvo of the Third Reich flatly shuddered the possibilities for the successful continuation of the fight. Yogo vpevnenist was grounded on the fact that, despite the great shock of Stalingrad, the German fascist warriors until the spring of 1943 still managed to stabilize the situation on the Skhidny front. After the successful counteroffensive in the Donbass and near Kharkiv, carried out near the fierce birch of 1943, the stench sounded the offensive of the Radian troops on the pivdenno-zahіdnomu straight line, and moreover, they created important footholds on the central strategic straight line. From the end of the month of 1943, the fate of the future for the long months of the war on the Radianian-Nimets front, there was a sudden calm. Offended parties began active preparations for the victory battles, as they indicated the final result of the war. Hitler and that yogo sharpened believed in the success of the future attack. Their hope for success was instilled by the apparently calm situation at other theaters of the Other World War. The German-Fascist command was raised in such a way that in 1943 the Nazis did not threaten another front in Europe with Western powers. It took Hitler a few hours to prevent the disintegration of the fascist bloc and save the fidelity of his allies. First of all, a lot of what was seen in the new combat equipment, which all the great forces had to attack the Wehrmacht, in front of the important T-VI tanks ("Tiger"), medium tanks T-V ("Panther"), assault squadrons ("Ferdinand" ) and lіtakіv (vinischuvach "Focke-Wulf-190A" and attack aircraft "Henschel-129"). It was assigned the role of the head strike force in the future attack. The preparations for the black "general offensive" on the Hidny Front of the Nazi Nimechchina began at the end of the year 1943, mobilizing all their resources and capabilities for it. In order to remember the greatness of human spending and to rebuild divisions in the winter battles, Nazi warfare went as far as total mobilization. In one hour, the maximum possible increase in the release of Russian products was smashed. Mustaches and clerks, taken at once, gave the military-political clerical work of the Third Reich a singing chance to achieve success. The Radianska Supreme Command was ready to move into a large-scale attack on the pivdenno-zahіdny straight line. Ale vono, looking at the summation of the spring of 1942, took the fate of another option. It was done ahead of time to prepare a deep-sheltered defense and, spiraling on it, imitate the enemy’s attack, extricate and injure his shock group, and then go on a counterattack, complete the rout of the enemy and, after all, heal the shawls of Tereziv on the melancholy of Radyansky To the union that yoga of Evil forces. STRENGTH AND PLAN STORIN The distribution of plans for the summer of 1943 to the fate of the offending parties will be distributed until the end of the winter campaign of 1942/43. Even before the end of the battles for Kharkiv, on 13 Birch, 1943, Hitler, having seen the operational order No. 5, in which he designated the full number of military operations on the Skhidny Front for the spring and summer of 1943. and spring roadlessness, having created stocks of material resources and having often replenished their zadnannya with people, to inspire an offensive. Therefore, our task is to ensure that, if possible, ahead of them at the offensive in the next places, I would like to impose my will on one of the fronts, as if I were on the front of the Pivden army group. On other plots, the task is to lead up to the enemy’s attack. Here we can create a great defense.” The army groups "Center" and "Pivden" were given the task of commanding the way of the sharp strikes to defeat the Radian military, which were fired on the Kursk ledge. The region of Orel, Kursk and Belgorod became the subject of the main respect of the German fascist command. Vistup radyanskogo front, shcho deeply going into here at the enemy's roztashuvannya, crying out at the new great anxiety. Vikoristovuyuchi tsey ledge, radyanskі vіyska could strike at the stick army groups "Center" and "Pivden" and create a deep breakthrough near the central regions of Ukraine, to the Dnipro. At the same time, the Hitlerite strategists could not stand before the calm path of the command of the strikes from the night and the day before the Kursk ledge to sharpen and protect the great group of the Radian troops that were on the new. Nadalі was about to flare up and the onset of the pіvnіchny skhіd chi pіvden. In such a way, the commanders of Hitler were small enough to take revenge for Stalingrad. Tsya operation at the Hitler's station was considered the main one. For the її carrying out, the wars were taken from other farms of the Skhidny Front (pіd Rzhev, Demyansk, from the Taman Pivostrov and іn.). In total, in this rank, it was possible to force the Kursk directly with 32 divisions, including 3 tank and 2 motorized. The German-Fascist command following the adoption of Hitler's directive activated the development of an offensive operation plan near the Kursk region. The propositions of Colonel-General V. Model (Commander of the 9th Army) were put at the basis of this idea. The essence of yoga propositions was brought to the point where, with a blow from 2 groups of armies from the pivnochi and pivdnya at the savage straight to Kursk, sharpen that army of great forces of the Radyansk troops on the Kursk ledge. On April 12, the plan of operation was presented to Hitler. After 3 days, the Fuhrer, having signed an order, would have to complete the preparations before the transition to the attack on Kursk until 3 May. The planners of the plan of the offensive operation, which took off the code name "Citadel", allowed that the strike tank groups of the army groups "Pivden" and "Center" would take no more than 4 days to reach Kursk. The creation of shock groups among army groups was evident before the order of Hitler, rozpochalosche near the birch. At the army group "Pivden" (Field Marshal E. von Manstein), the shock group was formed by the 4th tank army (Colonel-General G. Goth) and the "Kempf" operational group. At the Army Group "Center", the 9th Army of General V. Model led the head strike. For all the rozrahunki to the headquarters of the supreme command of the Wehrmacht appeared far away in reality and at once began to give great trouble. Thus, the Russians did not grasp the necessary regrouping to the designated term. Dії guerrillas on the communications of the opponent and strikes of the Ryansk aviation seriously complicate the work of transport, transporting military equipment, military equipment, ammunition and other material supplies. In addition, the arrival of the new tanks to the war went well enough. Until that time, virobnitstvo had not been properly laden. Due to the low level of technical shortcomings, shortcomings and shortcomings of new tanks and assault harmonies, simply seeming, they were not ready for combat zastosuvannya. Hitler buv perekonany, scho can be a miracle only a zavdyaki zastosuvannya new types of tanks and assault armats. To the point, the lack of perfection of the new German armored vehicles was evident from the transition of the German-fascist troops at the offensive: already on the first day, out of 200 "Panthers" of the 4th Panzer Army, through technical problems, 80% of the vehicles were out of tune . As a result of a number of non-attacks in the course of preparations for the offensive operation and pro-rahunks, which appeared during this, the terms of the transition to the offensive were repeatedly used. Nareshti, 21 black Hitler having inserted the residual term on the cob of the operation "Citadel" - 5 limes. The creation of two hard shock groups on the pivnіchny and pіvdenny faces of the Kursk ledge, the basis of which was the tank and motorized formation, was completed to the cob of lime. Necessary corrections have been made to the general plan of the offensive operation. The main idea of a refined plan was to create a significant victory over the Radianian troops on the direct strikes, and to break through the defenses to the arrival of the great Radianian reserves. The enemy was kindly informed about the strength of our defense, but he realized that the speed and speed of action were multiplied by the high penetration of the building of tank divisions, equipped with new technology, to bring good luck. But the fascination of the German-fascist command was grounded on the ephemeral roses and changed from the screaming super-brilliance to the action. We were at the same time insured by a lot of officials, they could have attacked without a middle, and even more negatively, in a rush to get a break and the result of an offensive operation. Before them, for example, one can see a rude rogue of the German intelligence, as it could not bring out the whole 10 radian armies, as if they then took the fate of the Battle of Kursk. The other such official was the opponent's underestimation of the power of the Radian defense and the overestimation of the power's offensive capabilities. And such a translation can be continued for a long time. According to the plan of the operation "Citadel", the group of armies "Pivden" launched two strikes: one - by the forces of the 4th tank army, the second - by the army group "Kempf", like a zagal Mali 19 divisions (including 9 tank), 6 assault divisions znaryad that 3 battalions of important tanks. In total, before the transition to the offensive, there were 1493 tanks at the warehouse, including 337 Panthers and Tigers, as well as 253 assault troops. The offensive of the ground vіskovkuv AvIATSIA 4th Rolit Fleet (1100 LIKATIV) NIKRASHRASHSHSHDNANNY GOGI ARMII “PIVDEN”-6 Tankovichi (motorized) Tu 4 Pikhotnі Diviziy-included until the warehouse of 4- Among them were the 2nd SS Panzer Corps, 4 motorized divisions, as well as new tanks, which were seen by the Pivden army group. Field Marshal Yege was sent to the shock mіts'go corps and repaid it. Manstein, having entered into the "greatest operational mind" of the German General Staff. Corps of devils at the direct head strike of the army group "Pivden". The shock group of armies "Center" (General-Field Marshal G. von Kluge) included up to its warehouse 8 tank and 14 infantry divisions, 9 four divisions of assault artillery, 2 large battalions of important tanks and 3 large companies of remote firing tanks, which were assigned min, watering All of them were included up to the 9th field army. The warehouse had about 750 tanks, including 45 Tigers, and 280 assault rifles. In turn, the army was supported by the aviation of the 6th insurgent fleet (up to 700 aircraft).
I conceived the operation "Citadel" in the residual variant of defeating the fact that with hard hitting strikes from the regions of Orel and Belgorod in a straight line to Kursk, sharpen and defend the Radianska troops of the Central and Voronezsky fronts, which were defending on the Kursk ledge, and then let's hit the blow in the teal Pivdenno- Western front. . After that, it was possible to develop an offensive at the pivnіchno-skhіdny straight ahead with a method of exit into the deep teel of the central grouping of the Radian troops and the threat of Moscow. In order to show respect and reserves of the Radyansk command, at the same time, with a strike on the Kursk air force, the Hitlerite command planned an attack on Leningrad. In such a manner, the Wehrmacht's ceremonial razrobolo plan to defeat the entire pivdenny krill strategic front of the Chervonoy Army. In times of successful implementation of the plan, it fundamentally changed the military-political situation on the Radian-German front, and it opened up new prospects for the continuation of the struggle. At the sight of the Wehrmacht operations in 1941-1942, the commanders of the enemy’s shock groups in the operation “Citadel” were significantly smaller behind the depths. The military group "Center" of the Mali will stick out for 75 km, and the group of armies "Pivden" - for 125 km. The German-Fascist command respected such commanders as a whole. For an offensive in the Kursk region, they received close to 70% of tank, up to 30% motorized, over 20% of infantry divisions that fought on the Radian-German front, and also over 65% of aviation. Tse buli dobirnі vіyska Wehrmacht, commanded by the founding generals. As a start for an attack on the Kursk River, the enemy, throwing 50 of its largest combat divisions, 17 armored divisions, and bringing in a lot of other parts of the RVGK. In addition, on the flanks of the shock groups there were still close to 20 divisions. Ground troops were supported by the aircraft of the 4th and 6th fleets (over 2,000 aircraft). The German-Fascist command was aware that it was doing everything possible for the success of the Citadel operation. Before the next operation for the whole hour of the Other light war, it was not prepared so universally, so resolutely, as before the onset of Kursk. “Today, - it was at Hitler’s war before the war, read to him at night before the present day, - you start a great offensive battle, as you can plunge into the result of the war as a whole ... I’m guilty of knowing that, in view of the result of this battle, you can fall everything." Tse vengeance of the German Fuhrer is shown as a promotional show, as if he had laid the enemy on his summer offensive under the Kursk 1943 fate. After a possible advance in 1942/43, the Radyansk command ordered the military command to move to the defensive, to consolidate on the reach lines and prepare to carry out new offensive operations. Prote, having guessed the idea of the enemy in his own time, the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command decided to go over to the naval defense. The plan of the Chervonoy Army for the summer of 1943 was changed to the fate of the birch of 1943, and the rest of the decision was praised by the Supreme Commander-in-Chief more than the red ones. The supreme command of the Chervonoy Army has a strong mood. Zokrema, such commanders of the fronts, like M. F. Vatutin, K. K. Rokossovsky, R. Ya. Prote the Supreme Commander-in-Chief did not want to rizikuvat, showing prudence and not so much looking at the warriors, look at their military leaders. Vіn buv vpevneniy at the onset of success, like in the summer period of the Chervonoy Army did not go into. The shocks of the spring and spring of 1942 (near Krim, near Lyubannya, Demyansk, Bolkhov and Kharkov) left him with no trace of a deep trace, to rely on chance. The cracking of the Supreme was even stronger after the fact that they began to build a great offensive near the Kursk region. On April 8, the intercessor of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief, Marshal of the Radyansky Union, G.K. “The crossing of our troops will come in the next few days, writing wines, - with the method of advancing the enemy, I respect the underdogs. It’ll be better, as we can overcome the enemy on our defenses, we’ll hit our tanks, and then, having added fresh reserves, by moving to a hot offensive, we’ll still add the main enemy grouping. ” Vivchivshi thoughts of the commanders of the military fronts and the General Staff, I. V. Stalin on April 12, 12, 12, 12, 18, 18, 18, 18, 18, 19, 19, 19, 19, 19, 19, 19, 19, 19, 19, 19, 19, 19, 19, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11. G. K. Zhukov, A. M. Vasilevsky and Lieutenant General A. I. Antonov (Chief of the Operations Department of the General Staff). After a detailed discussion of the situation that had developed, it was virulent, zmіtsnyuyuchi defense, zaredit the main susilla on the pіvnіchny and pіvdenny faces of the Kursk ledge, de, for all the rozrakhunkami, it was the fault of the boulevards to break up the firebrands. Here it was necessary to create a strong aggregation of the military, yak, having beaten the enemy’s hard blows, they could go on a counterattack, launching head strikes on Kharkiv, Poltava and Kiev, with the method of sacking the Donbass and all the Livoberezhnoy Ukraine. From the middle of April, the General Staff announced the plan for both the defense operation under Kursk and the counterattack under the code name Operation Kutuzov. Before the operation, it was planned to win the military of Zakhidny, Bryansk and the Central Front. Get out of the way with the defeat of the fortune-telling grouping on the Oryol ledge. The counterattack on Kharkiv directly, until which the Voronezsky and Stepovoy fronts were lit up, took away the code name of the operation "Commander Rum'yantsev". Carry out this frontal operation in cooperation with the soldiers of the Pivdenno-Zahidny Front. The leader of the advance of the enemy from the side of the Orel to the pivnіch part of the Kursk ledge relied on the military of the Central Front, that way from the Bilgorod region to the pivdenny part of the Kursk ledge - to the Voronezsky front. At the tip of the Kursk ledge, the Stepovy Front, which was a strategic reserve of the Headquarters of the High Command, was fired. Before this warehouse included 5 zagalnovіysk, tank and armored armies, as well as 10 small corps (6 tank and mechanized, 3 cavalry and 1 riflemen). The front is available close to 580 yew. osib, 7.4 ths. garmat and mortars, ponad 1.5 yew. tanks and self-propelled guns and 470 aircraft. Vіn is guilty of defending a deep breakthrough of the enemy, both from the side of Orel, and from the side of Bilgorod, and when crossing the military lines of the Central and Voronezsky fronts, at the counteroffensive, increase the force of the strike from the depths. The military fronts on the Kursk railway were coordinated by the representatives of the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command of the Marshal of the Radyansky Union G.K. Zhukov and A.M. Vasilevsky. In this manner, the situation that developed before the summer of 1943 in the region of the Kursk Bulge was, on the whole, favorable for the Radyansk troops. Tse gave the song a chance for a successful result of the defensive battle. On the cob of lime 1943, the Radiansk command completed preparations for the battle on the Kursk River. The troops of the Central Front (General of the Army Do. K. Rokossovsky) were in charge of defending the military part of the Kursk ledge, defeating the enemy’s attack, and having crossed the counterattack, at once from the troops of the Western and Bryansk fronts, they defeated the group near the Orel region. The Voronezsky Front (General of the Army M.F. Vatutin), having taken over the task of defending the main part of the Kursk ledge, exposing and killing the enemy in defensive battles, after which, by transitioning to the counterattack, complete the rout near the areas of Bilgorod and Kharkiv. The troops of the Bryansk and the left wings of the Western Front were to be taken by the Central Front at the sight of the enemy’s attack and we were preparing before moving on to the counteroffensive. The central front until the beginning of the battle on the Kursk River near its warehouse 5 zagalnovysky (48th, 13th, 70th, 65th and 60th), the 2nd tank and 16th army troops, as well as 2 tank corps (9th and 19th). Zagalom front mav 41 strіletsku divіzіyu, 4 tank corps, vinischuvalnu divіzіyu, 5 strіletskі і 3 okremi tank brigades, 3 fortified areas - total 738 yew. osib, over 10.9 thousand. garmat and mortars, close to 1.8 ths. tanks and self-propelled guns and 1.1 thousand. litakiv. The front defended the smuga zavshirshki 306 km. Organizing the defense, the commander of the troops of the Central Front, seeing that a fortune-telling blow, nayimovіrnіshe, went through the Ponir to Kursk, and that, having flared up on the right krilі front in a blur, about 100 km of his main force - 3 armies (48, 13 and 70) - 58% of rifle divisions, close to 90% of tanks and self-propelled guns, 70% of artillery. Particular respect was attached to the 30-kilometer-long railway station Orel-Kursk. On the other division of the front, 2 armies (65th and 60th) occupied the defense. Foreshadowing the harsh nature of the upcoming battle, General Rokossovsky created a strong other echelon and reserve. The other echelon had the 2nd tank army, in the reserve - the 9th and 19th tank corps. I another echelon and the reserve were deployed on the direct hit of the enemy. Three times the military front supported the 16th army. I conceived the defensive operation of the Central Front by defeating it in order to weaken the enemy’s shock grouping as much as possible with a sloppy defense on the occupying lines, to increase its current position, and from the wound of the 2nd or 3rd day of the operation, start a counterattack and start an earlier occupation of the camp, or at the counteroffensive. The Voronezsky front, before the beginning of the battle on the Kursk River, had in its warehouse 5 armored troops (38, 40, 69, 6th guards and 7th guards), the 1st tank and 2nd armored armies, as well as 2 tank (2 th and 5th Guards) and Striletsky (35th Guards) Corps. Zagalom front maw 35 rifle divisions, 4 tank and 1 mechanized corps and 6 tank brigades - a total of 535 thousand. osib, close to 8.2 yew. garmat and mortars, 1.7 ths. tanks and self-propelled guns and 1.1 ths. litakiv. The front defended the swirl smog for about 250 km. The commander of the Voronezsky Front, having vowed that the enemy could strike at once on three straight lines: from the Bіlgorod area to Oboyan, from the same area to Korocha, and from the area to the exit from Volchansk to Novy Oskol. The two first ones were directly seen as naimovirnishі, and to that the main forces of the front were flared up in the center and on the left wing. Here, at the smuzі 164 km, the 6th and 7th guards armies defended. On the reshti dilnitsy occupied the defense of 2nd army of the first echelon of the front (38th and 40th). Another echelon had the 1st tank and 69th armies, in the reserve - 20 tank and rifle corps. The other echelon and the reserve, like those on the Central Front, were deployed on the direct hits of the enemy. Three times the military front was supported by the 2nd army. The troops of the Central and Voronez Fronts overwhelmed the enemy: in humans - 1.4-1.5 times, artillery - 1.8-2 times, in tanks and self-propelled guns - 1.1-1.5 times. However, on the straight lines of their head strikes, the German-fascist command gained Timchasov's advantage in strength and security. Only on the pivnіchny faсі, the Radyansk military took the lead in the artillery. The serendipity of the overpowering forces on the opposite lines allowed the hordes of the leaders of the heavy cob blows on the troops of the Central and Voronez fronts.
Representative of the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command, Marshal G.K. Zhukiv
Chief of the General Staff, representative of the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command, Marshal A.M. Vasilevsky Vіdpovіdno until the decision of the Supreme High Command rates about the transition to the naval defense of the Central, Voronez and Stepovy fronts on the cob of the attack of the enemy, it is important that they set their task for the preparation of a deep-layered positional defense. Zagal Bulo possessed 8 defensive smugs and borders. The basis for the organization of defense was the idea of a deep echelonuvannya of combat formations in military and defensive positions with a well-arranged system of trenches, going on to obtain and other engineering disputes. On the Central and Voronez fronts, there were 5-6 defensive smugs and frontiers. The first two lines became a tactical defense zone, and the third - an army defensive line. In addition, there were 2-3 front lines. The instruction was created by the defensive line of the Stepovoy front, and the lion birch of the Don was prepared for the sovereign line of defense. Zagalna glybina prepared by the Radyansk military defense near Kursk became 250-300 km. The tactful defense zone was the most developed in the engineering field, the depth of which was 15-20 km ahead of the rocks of the war. Її persha (head) smuga developed from 2-3 positions, skin z of them is small 2-3 trenches of a new profile, combined with each other by means of success. The depth of the position became 1.5-2 km. The depth of defense of the armies became 30-50 km, fronts - 180-200 km. On the most important lines of defense lines, they were engaged in military forces for those who could inspire the enemy and reach out to break through the army defense, then at the depths of the belt there is no “operational space”, where you can freely maneuver, but with new engineering spores and occupy the military defense.
Anti-tank artillery hanging to the front line
Refueling of tanks
Tank column straight to the front The defense was in front of the anti-tank. The basis was made by anti-tank strongholds (PTOP), which are built, as a rule, in battalion (company) defense areas, and anti-tank areas (PTR), which are created independently or in the boundaries of regimental defense divisions. The anti-tank defense (PTO) was respected for maneuver by artillery and anti-tank reserves. The system of fire PTOP and PTR was linked with the fire of artillery, deployed in open and closed fire positions. A characteristic moment was those that fired harmonica and howitzer artillery was prepared to shoot at tanks with direct aiming. Crews of tanks of other echelons and reserves had fire lines for ambush. The vikoristovuvatime fought against the enemy tanks, they also fired fire-throwers, fired tanks, and fired dogs-boiled tanks. In front of the front edge and in the depths of the defense, more than 1 million anti-tank mines were installed, a lot of dozens of kilometers of anti-tank fences were built: ditches, escarps, counterscarps, gouges, forest blockages. An important element of the anti-tank defense was the crumbling corrals of the fence (POZ). The depth of the PTO near Kursk, near the war, reached 30-35 km. Mustaches of fire were transferred to victorious mazovan for the improvement of possible direct blows of the enemy. Vrahovyuchi, that the enemy, as a rule, advancing behind the tight air support, special respect was given to the organization of counter-defense (PPO) viysk. Until the end of the war, the head of the PPO of the Crimean military forces and aids were fired by anti-aircraft artillery (1026 garmats) of the fronts, the blame for aviation and the significant forces of the military PPO of the country. As a result, over 60% of the combat formations of the military were covered with two-tri-ball fire of anti-aircraft artillery and aviation.
The armored men are getting ready to shoot down the enemy tanks. Photo by B. Ignatovich Great help to the military fronts was given by the mobilization of the power of the population of the Orlov, Voronez, Kursk, Sumy and Kharkiv regions. Hundreds of thousands of people were killed on the defensive fortifications. For example, near the smugs of the Central and Voronezsky fronts, over 100 thousand were sent to defense robits. osіb, and for chervni vzhe mayzhe 300 yew. Spivvіdnoshennia forces on the cob of the battle on the Kursk duzі was like this. The Nazi command for the offensive operation "Citadel" started over 900 thousand. osіb special warehouse, close to 10 yew. garmat and mortars, ponad 2.7 yew. tanks and assault garmats and over 2 yew. litakiv. They stood up against the Radiansk troops of the Central and Voronez fronts, which had over 1.3 million people, 19.1 yew. garmat and mortar, ponad 3.4 yew. tanks and self-propelled guns, 2.9 thousand. litakiv. Also, radyansky troops (without improving the Stepovoy front) overwhelmed the enemy in people by 1.4 times, in artillery (without improving rocket launchers and anti-aircraft missiles) - in 1.9, in tanks and self-propelled guns - in 1.2, and in aircraft - at 1.4 times. Based on the analysis of the situation that had developed, the front commanders were more and more doubtful about the validity of the decision taken by the supreme command about moving to the naval defense. General Vatutin showed particular impudence. Vіn namagavsya perekonati Vasilevsky, and then і Stalin, scho in the situation, the defense is unlikely to be strong enough, the shards before spending a precious hour and vreshti-resht can be brought to the sight of everything conceived for the summer-autumn campaign 1 943 plan. Vіn vvazhav, scho it is necessary to build the next offensive. The Supreme Commander-in-Chief punished resolutely such an option and goitre Vatutin, Rokosovsky and Malinovsky (commander of the Pivdenno-Zakhidny Front) to submit their propositions to the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command. Ale Zhukov and Vasilevskiy, firmly convinced of the need to strike the German offensive against the Kursk defense, stood before the plan was broken up. In this manner, during the period of calm on the Radyansk-Nimets front, which was three years old until the linden cob of 1943, the opposing sides reported great susils, so that they would be fully prepared for the future battles. For whom the splendid Radyansk power, that її Zbroyni forces appeared in front. It was only left to win the victorious strength of that power, as if they were in order of the command. Vrahovyuchi invisible for the enemy spіvvіdnoshennia forces, you can make a nevtіshny vysnovka, scho Hitler's decision to attack be-scho z vіyskovoї look bulo adventure. Ale, Nazi cursing went on her, giving priority to political mirques. About the price of the German Fuhrer, having directly stated in his speech at the Skhidniy Prussia 1 lime. Behind the yogo words, the “citadel” operations is not licher, and the ven for the venerable of the illegitimate of the nimchchini allies of the plank of the Planning of the Poddo Vidkritte to the other front, and this is beneficial to the inside of the environment in Ninmecchini. However, the camp of the German-Fascist troops, who cheered for tim, that raptovist, for the sake of the rahunok їm went into the reach of success in the summer operations of 1941 and 1942, was lost. They didn’t bury it in the rest of the black line of repeated advances under Kursk and the arm of the robot of the Radyansk intelligence. On the cob of lime all the resolutions were accepted, the orders of the military were set, the majestic masses of the military sides, which stood on the Kursk river, froze in a strained look ...
The rain had set in, and on the whole majestic Radianian-Nimets front, like before, there was a lull. The officials of the Radio Information Bureau invariably said: “Nothing of the original happened at the front.” Ale tse Bulo before the storm calm. The Radyansk reconnaissance guarded respectfully for the enemies of the enemy, especially for the movement of one of the tank units. On the basis of a detailed analysis of the situation and the rest of these investigations, which were to be found from other dzherel, the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command decided to move, that the enemy could advance 3-6 limes, and at the same time was ahead of the commanders of the fronts. At night, against the 5th lime, it was possible to set the exact hour for the passage of the German-fascist troops at the onset - 3 years ago, the 5th lime. Having assessed the situation, the commanders of the Central and Voronez Fronts failed to carry out a long-planned artillery counter-preparation in the areas where the strike forces were concentrated. It was necessary to use a straining and rapt fire blow to hit the enemy with the maximum shkodishche before, as if he were going on the offensive, by himself to weaken the strength of the yogic primary grip. “We have a food before us: to believe in the witnesses of the polonenyh chi? It was necessary to praise the decision to carry out the artillery counter-preparation prepared by the artillery counter-training plan, but there was no time to pay for the rate, and there was no respite. I won accepted. The commander of the artillery of the front, having taken away the order to attack the enemy with all the plans for the purpose of aiming fire damage.
About the 2nd year, 20 hvilin 5 lime, before the dawn, the silence of the short summer night on the Central Front broke the thunderous volley of hundreds of radyansky banners. A deadly flurry of artillery fire fell upon the alarming German divisions. The adversary, who was in a state of emergency, recognized the great losses in people for the treatment of infirmities, and the technique and the fluctuations in the transition to the offensive for 2.5 years. The rapt vorogov's reach was not far off. Artillery counter-training was carried out for the Voronezsky Front. There, the enemy’s presence hung around for 3 years. First of all, for the fates of the war, artillery counter-preparation was carried out ahead of the enemy’s general attack, the real result is small. The German-Fascist military recognized the great shkoda of the living force and combat technology, the fire of their artillery was disorganized, the control of the military was destroyed. The Supreme Command of the Wehrmacht on the 6th lime with a sharp statement stated: “Becoming the enemy of the term, I will advance on the cob, having gained an element of operational rapt.” About the 5th year of 30 hvilin, having put their troops in order, the Oryol grouping of the enemy after a hard artillery preparation went on the offensive. Under the cover of strong artillery fire and for the support of the faceless aircraft to the front line of our defense, an avalanche of prophetic tanks destroyed. Behind them came the infantry. The head blow was inflicted on Olkhovatka, the additional one - on Maloarkhangelsk and Gnilets. The German fascist troops attacked on the 45-kilometer front the entire defense of the 13th Army (Lieutenant General N. P. Pukhov) and the flanks of the 48th Army (Lieutenant General P. L. Romanenko) and the 70th Army (Lieutenant General I. V. Galanin). 9 divisions took part in the attack, including 2 tanks, as well as a division of assault rifles (280 units) and a large battalion of important tanks. The enemy head-attacked on Olkhovatsky directly with great forces of infantry for the support of 500 tanks and assault armats. These days were accompanied by massive air strikes. A zhorstok battle broke out. The enemy did not hesitate in success. Behind yoga rozrakhunkami, new combat equipment is small to destroy the radyansk defense.
Our troops hit the enemy’s blow with a wine-coloured streak, even though there were moments, if there were up to 400 fortune-tellers at once over the battlefield. The Radyansk warriors stood to the death. The first attack of the enemy was blasted with high-strength fire, especially anti-tank fire, near the fences that were destroyed by the system. Great spend the enemy, having recognized the minimum fields. Only on the first day of the battle, up to 100 German tanks and assault armats were driven on them. Our riflemen fought the German infantry from the tanks and ran into all kinds of fire, and the Nazis, who broke through the trenches and were successful, blamed me in hand-to-hand combat. To break through the front line of the head line of the defense of the Chervonoy Army, the enemy from 7 years of 30 times re-provided the 60th artillery preparation. Only a few German tanks were able to wedge themselves into the defense of the first echelon at the bottom. Needless to say, that the enemy’s forces were characterized by high utility and intensity of fire stagnation of all weapons. So, a group of 10-15 important tanks, moving past the reach of our anti-tank armies and tanks, conducted a hurricane fire with infantry trenches and artillery positions. Under their cover, medium and light tanks attacked, followed by infantry in armored personnel carriers. Enemy attacks were carried out behind the tight air support. Bombers in groups of 50-60 letaks in Mayzhe bombarded silently, defending themselves, and our vinischuvachs continued to milk the powder. Less than 3 years later, the commander of the 16th Guards Army, Lieutenant General of Aviation S. I. Rudenko, following the order of the commander of the military front, went live to the core of the main forces of the army’s vindictive aviation to fight against the fortune-telling bombers. Nezabar at the povitry, up to 200 radian winemakers were raised. The intensity of the fortune-telling strikes has changed dramatically over time.
German column after the influx of Radianian aviation The battles on the ground became all zhorstokishimi. On the Olkhovatsky straight, units of the 81st Striletsky Division (Major General A.B. Barinov) and the 15th Striletsky Division (Colonel V.N. Dzhandzhgava) heroically defended their positions. Here, at the sight of the Battle of Stalingrad, the infantry took the enemy's tank strikes, and the artillerymen became the right heroes of the battles. On the first day of the battle, the battery of the 276th Guards Artillery Regiment, commanded by Lieutenant Z.I. Pidgainov. We will rightly fire the batteries from our observation point, we will fire six tanks. If the enemy has sharpened yoga at the guard point, the first officer called out the artillery fire on himself, and then from the group of soldiers, breaking through the ring of sharpening, especially escorting 17 German machine gunners of that officer. The 4th battery of the 540th Artillery Regiment on a straight line beat the attack of 23 German tanks, destroying 15 of them. At the 5th battery of the same regiment of sergeant A. D. Sapunov, 7 guard tanks were lost. If more than one commander of the armor was left alive and the shells were thrown off, a new tank attack of the enemy began. Sapunov, having prepared anti-tank grenades, looming us, stand to the end, ale buv attacks with machine-gun fire. Posthumously valiant artilleryman was awarded the title of Hero of the Radyansky Union. On that first day of the battle on the Kursk River, which went down in history under the name "fiery arc", they fought heroically, defeating the universal blow of the enemy, the warriors of all relatives of the warriors. Ground attack aircraft led significant strikes against the fortune-telling tanks, as they planted new bombs with cumulative charges. The stench pierced the armor of all German tanks, zokrema and "tigers". The greatest success was achieved by the squadron commander of the 58th Guards Assault Aviation Regiment, Major V. M. Golubev. Shestka Іl-2, like a wine ocholyuє, literally for 20 khvilin, 18 predictive tanks fell on the battlefield. The second pilot-attack aircraft was awarded with another Golden Star of the Hero of the Radyansk Union. But the tanks and infantry of the enemy, unimportantly at great expense, continued to stick forward. The enemy is ahead of us, not calling for money. The new bula has one meta - whether to zlamat opіr radyanskih vіysk, break through their defenses and vikonate the order of their Fuhrer. To cover the enemy, General Pukhov strengthened the 81st Strile Division with a tank regiment, then with a tank brigade and a self-propelled artillery regiment. At the smug of the 15th Striletsky division, 2 army corrals were hung. The commander of the military front, having transferred the rifle corps to the Olkhovatsky straight ahead, the anti-tank and mortar brigade from his reserve. And all the same, I will continue to streak the fierce onslaught of the enemy to our warriors. After the fifth massive attack, the Germans evaded the front line of defense of the 13th Army, on one of the diggers they pushed through a 6-8 km deep and on the 15-kilometer front they went to another smug of defense. Dekilka pіdrozdіlіv 15-ї and 81-ї rifle divisions opinilis in sharpened. With decisive counterattacks of the tanks, in cooperation with the artillery units and the artillery, the enemy was pushed farther away until the end of day 5, the lime was pinned. Great encouragement to the ground troops of that day was given by the aviation of the 16th Army. During the day, the pilots shot 1232 pilots, carried out 76 repeated battles and shot down 106 guard pilots.
On the evening of 5 pm, the commander of the Central Front, having directly launched the enemy’s head attack, having taken the decision from the early day with the forces of 2 tank and rifle corps, to launch a counterattack on the main grouping of the enemy and establish a camp on the left flank of the 13th army. Early in the 6th line of the 13th Army, 2nd Tank Army (Lieutenant-General A. G. Rodin) and the 19th Tank Corps (Major-General I. D. Vasiliev) led a counterattack on the head grouping of the 9th German army. The bitterness of the struggle has reached its apogee. Offensive sides fought with over-the-top arrogance. Wanting to defeat the enemy, the troops of the Central Front did not succeed in a counterattack, but the stinks caught up on the main defense for the whole booty. The 15th and 81st rifle divisions, which fought in otochenny, were released. In this rank, the test of the opponent of the evil opir of the Radyansk troops on Olkhovatsky directly turned out to be unsuccessful. For 2 days of the highest battles, it became less than 6-10 km. For tsey to finish the primary success of the enemy, having paid the price of the road. In the battles of 5-6 limes, the German-fascist troops, who advanced on the Olkhovatsky line, spent up to 25 thousand. especially, about 200 tanks and assault armats, over 200 aircraft and a lot of other combat equipment. Not reaching success under Olkhovatka, the Hitlerite command suffered a direct head blow to Ponir. Two infantry divisions of the Germans, supported by 170 tanks, artillery and aviation, attacked 81 rifle divisions on the 7th line and broke through the defense. However, evading a friend’s smug defense on the shoulders of the division, which came in, did not go far. Under the straining fire of the artillery, the units of the 81st Striletsky division were surprised to get in front of the Ponyry.
Near the Poniriv region, there is one of the strongest of our nodes, a support. Min fields were harrowed from the front of yoga. Approaches to the front edge were covered with daggers, including electro-forging, fences. On tank-safe straight lines, a bulo was inserted into the nadolbi. Tanks were found at anti-tank strongholds, Crimean artillery, and special trenches. A lot of fire points are small armored or concrete kovpak. Here the 307th Strile Division (Major-General M.A. Enshin) took up the defense, and was reinforced by the army's rickety corral fence. The enemy managed to escape in Ponir for 6 limes, and for 3 years the attacks were beaten by radian troops. On the 7th line of the 2nd infantry and German tank divisions, after the 60th artillery training, they again attacked Ponir. Aleradiansk command, having guessed the enemy’s ideas, quickly set their eyes on the great forces of artillery - the 5th artillery division, the 13th anti-tank artillery and the 11th mortar brigade, as well as the 22nd brigade. Never before this hour of war, the Striletsk division in a defensive battle was not covered up with such a tight artillery shield, which was the creation for the 307th division under the Ponyry.
Fire on the fortune-telling tanks. Photo by M. Savin The enemy, who crossed at the offensive, used to be masovanim by artillery and mortar fire, spratsyuvali brought in the mine field and landmines. Literally for the lіchenі hvilini the enemy having spent 22 tanks. Five times vin straightened out of the attack and quickly entered, bearing great expenses. Our artillerymen, letting the fortune-telling tanks into the near distance, shot at the back of the wall. Having shown vinyatkovo steadfastness and heroism, the Radyansky warriors at the battle under Ponyry were massive. The stench fought not harming their blood, their lively life. One of these heroes was the foreman of the 540th anti-tank artillery regiment K. S. Sedov, who was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Radian Union. Garmatny rozrahunok, yakim commanding the vin, at the hour of the battle, he beat 4 important German tanks. Rozrahunok completely dying at once from a harmata in the form of a direct shot of a prophetic projectile.
Close to the 10th anniversary of the morning of the 7th linden, having brought in fresh strength, the enemy nevertheless broke through to the pivnіchno-shіdna outskirts of Ponirіv, but with a counterattack of another echelon of the 307th division, it was thrown out at the outskirts of the camp. Having broken through the enemy, the liquidation was far away. Ale, already in a year, 4 German divisions attacked the defenders of Poniriv anew, pushing close to the railway station. The 307th Strile Division under the onslaught of forces, which had been overthrown many times, was driven by the uninterrupted battles of the year, the enemy was driven into the Pivdennu part of the Poniriv. The next day, regrouping the forces and taking back the reinforcements, the 307th division counterattacked the enemy and beat him out of Poniriv. In this manner, it was not possible for the German fascist troops to break through the defenses of the 13th Army near the Poniriv region. But the enemy became stronger and did not waste his offensive capabilities. 8-9 linden of wines, having introduced new forces into battle, continuing the attacks at the straights of Vilkhovatka and Poniriv. 9 lindens of the Hitlerites made the rest of the attempt to break through the air of the air. Introduced by them into the battle tank division reached the pivdenny part of the Poniriv, prote nevdzі as a result of a counterattack of tank brigades and another echelon of the 307th division was thrown out of sight.
Radyansk military to lead the baked defensive battles
Order from the battlefields near the Poniriv region baked battles near the entire defense complex of the 13th army. The enemy slyly shukav weak points at the її defence, but sharply otrimuvav zhorstok vіdsіch. The defense of the Radyansk troops was left unstoppable. Bezmezhnu masculinity having revealed a special warehouse of the 3rd guilt brigade, enchanted by Colonel V. N. Rukosuev. Tsya brigade blocked the way of the Vorogov on the pivnіchny entrance from Olkhovatka. The Vranci 8 linden brigade was attacked by up to 300 German tanks from motorized fire. Ale, the stamina and strength of the Radyansk warriors, in their binding, were the strongest for the armored armada of the enemy. At the rich one-year-long battle, the brigades were raised, a few dozen fascist tanks were destroyed, and the cordon was cut in. Most of the brigade fell on the battlefield, but did not step out of position. Later, on the mass grave of fallen warriors, on the very same place, where the stench of the husbands stole the native land, a monument was erected. On the granite pedestal, like a crown of one of the armies of the valiant brigade, the names of the heroes are hung, as if they sacredly wound their soldier's shoes.
Commander of the 9th Army of the Wehrmacht Colonel-General Model on the front line with infantry The tension of the battles grew with the skin day. Commander of the 9th German army, General Model of the century, had all his forces - 13 infantry and 8 tank divisions. 10 lines of wine are responsible for the strike at the stick of the 13th and 70th armies. The struggle flared up near the area of Samodurivka especially baked. Rifles and artillery units that defended here, hit 13-16 enemy attacks per day. Ale radyansky warriors stood, showing unfinished masculinity and mass heroism. Regardless of the entire strike, the enemy did not manage to break through our defenses. At the price of great expenses of wines, I poked my head out for 3-4 km. Ale then buv yogo the rest of the success. In the bezplodnyh attacks, the best divisions of the 9th army were slain, a great amount of military equipment and military equipment were spent. At the reserve, the Model was left with only one motorized division. It became obvious that further attempts to continue the offensive would not give the desired result. The German-Fascist command went to work, because it was impossible to develop a plan for sharpening the Radyansk troops near the Kursk region, but it was impossible to continue the offensive, so that the Radyansk command should take all its reserves. With a purpose, the Model is preparing a new blow. Ale, the present battle of the Western and Bryansk fronts, which began on the 12th lime, entangled the plans of the enemy. Zam_st prodovzhennya advancing Model zmusheniya buv praised the decision to move the 9th army to the defense. On the current day of the German-fascist wars on the pivnіchny face of the Kursk ledge ended. For 8 days of great zusil, they were only able to wedge themselves into the defense of the Central Front on a distance of 10 km. The greatest depth of the current protrusion did not exceed 10-12 km. Viyska of the Central Front in important defensive battles bled harder on the enemy’s shock grouping and zirvali yogo attack. Having spent 42 yew. soldiers and officers, up to 500 tanks and assault garmats, the enemy did not violate the right of the orders set and the permission to quarrel, to attack and go on the defensive.
Counterattack Vinyatkovo stress character is small struggle and on the front of the Kursk ledge - near the border of the Voronezsky front. There are still 4 lines, at the other half of the day, the forward corrals of the 4th German tank army after a 10-hvilin fire attack of artillery and air strikes went on the offensive and started fighting with combat protection 71, 67 and 5 2nd guards rifle divisions 6 -ї Guards Army. Zbivshi after the zavzyatikh battles the combat defense of these divisions from positions, the enemy went to the end of the day viishov to the front line of the defense of the army. It became obvious that at night on the Svitanka 5 lipnya the enemy was going to have a general offensive. Rozvydka established that the main forces resisting the enemy’s grouping were in the midst of the 6th Guards Army (Lieutenant General I. M. Chistyakov), which was defending directly on Oboyansky. Before the warehouse of the strike group of the 4th German tank army, there were 2 tanks, 4 motorized, 2 infantry divisions, 2 large battalions of important tanks and a division of assault armies. Against the 7th Guards Army (Lieutenant General M. S. Shumilov), 3 tank and 3 infantry divisions of the Kempf operational group were fired on the Korochansky straight. Having assessed the situation, the commander of the Voronez Front, General Vatutin, made a decision to conduct artillery counter-training, as a result of which the enemy was given a significant shkod. Yogo stepped on a 3-year-old jamming. At once, the 2nd (lieutenant general of aviation S. A. Krasovsky) and the 17th (lieutenant general of aviation V. A. Sudets) defeated the army in a strike on 8 airfields and fell to 60 aircraft.
The tanks were getting ready to attack About the 6th anniversary of the 5th linden, after the artillery preparation and mass air raids, the German-fascist military went on the offensive. The head blow of the stench was hit on a distance about 30 km wide. forces of the 4th Panzer Army (Colonel-General G. Goth) at the zagalny directly to Oboyan. Another blow was directed at Korocha by the Kempf task force (general of tank troops V. Kempf). Even though the strength of the enemy's cob strike on the Oboyan straight line was weakened as a result of artillery counter-preparation, the prote vins were still to be pushed harder. Practicing to reach the targets, the German-fascist command brought 14 divisions into the battlefield (including 5 tank divisions and 4 motorized divisions). On the first day, the battles took the fate of up to 700 fortune-telling tanks. The Radyansk warriors defended themselves with the greatest stamina, showing mass heroism and courage. Artillerymen undermined the enemy tanks with direct fire, infantrymen showered them with anti-tank grants and fuses from the fuse bag, a lot of tanks were driven on mines іdіrvalis close 70 znaryad). The company of high-explosive fire-throwers was bright, which destroyed 11 tanks and 4 assault armaments, as well as specially trained dogs-vinischuvach tanks, which fired 12 tanks. Ale, the main means of fighting was artillery. Aviation gave active support to the ground troops. On a povіvnjano obmezhennym povіtrya z both storіn one hour diyalo over 2 yew. letakiv, and repeated battles often took the fate of 100-150 letakiv. With the help of the main bombardment bombardment and attack aircraft of the 2nd and 17th attacked armies, they were directing us in front of the enemy’s tanks.
Hit the tigers The tension of the battles grew with skin years. The units of the battalions and the police fought to the last. The 3rd battalion of the 228th Striletsky Regiment of the 78th Guards Rifle Division, which defended itself in the Dorogobuzhino area, early in the 5th line of attacks by the enemy from the flanks, and then from the front. A frontal attack across the river Siversky Donets was hit by the 8th rifle company of senior lieutenant B. N. Kalmikov. Having spent 6 tanks, the enemy, flying over 40 tanks, having tried to get around the battalion from the day. At the same time, you’ll start hitting the pivnoch. Striletsky companies of senior lieutenant M.P. Pogrebnyak and lieutenant M.P. Znobina, as well as the armored piercer of the 2nd company of the 4th guards battalion of anti-tank towels, not caring for the great fire of the enemy, they spent, lost their positions and only for the order om at once iz the reshtoy of the troops of the battalion was organized to take a different position - for the bulk of the air. Here the enemy, who was advancing, with a rapid fire, was shot down by the artillerymen of Senior Lieutenant D. O. Grishin. 5 fortune-telling tanks were beaten up immediately, others stepped forward. And then the Germans revived the attacks. How many times did the 8th rifle company happen more importantly. Vіd razryu projectile, the commander died. Lieutenant W. U. Ksenofontov took command. A company fought an attack of up to 15 German tanks and a company of infantry. A year later, the enemy attacked the right-flank 7th rifle company. The commander and 2 platoon commanders died, and at the hour of the counterattack, the commander of the battalion, Captain P. N. Yastrebov. Until the 18th year, the enemy honed the remnants of the battalion. They died and took away the wounded 14 officers. The enemy was caught for about 8 years.
Near the squalid Russian village Having indicated that the enemy was in charge of the head strike on Oboyan, the commander of the military forces of the Voronezsky front on the very first day of the German offensive, having entered the defense, hanging the advanced brigade of the 1st Panzer Army (Lieutenant General M. E. Katukov) to the head smuga. Regardless of the majestic force of the fortune-telling blow, the troops of the 6th Guards Army are in cooperation with the 2nd and 5th Guards Tank Corps introduced into the battle and part of the forces of the 1st Tank Army in the course of hard battles for example On the 6th day, limes slowed down the advance of the enemy. The Germans managed to break through the main swarm of our defense only on the okremih plots. The two-day battle on the Oboyansky and Korochansky straight lines did not bring the enemy success. If you want to go far away for 10-18 km, but with your guilt, you will recognize heavy losses and buffaloes on other defenses. In these battles, the Radiant warriors again showed the high marks of masculinity and heroism.
Zbroya change the fire position On the 6th line, the main blow of the shock tank grouping of the enemy was taken by the 1st Tank Army. A great tank battle broke out. Near the village of Yakovlevo, the 1st Guards Tank Brigade (Colonel V. M. Gorelov) and the 51st Guards Rifle Division (Major General N. T. Tavartkiladze) recognized the attacks of the SS motorized division "Adolf Hitler". The Radyansk Guards stood to the death, but they did not set foot on the rock. So, the tank company of Captain V. A. Bochkovsky entered into battle with 70 enemy tanks. The crew of thirty-four of the 18th lieutenant V.S. The archer-radio operator and the navіdnik of the broї perished, importantly wounding the mechanic-vodіy forcibly filling the burning machine. German tanks continued to advance. The first time the commander of the tank was wounded, he was hit by a ram of a caterpillar tiger. I thought about it, but the valiant tankman himself died. Fighting comrades commemorated the charred body of the lieutenant on the heights of the white of the village of Yakovlev with military honors. There were few such applications to the heroism of the Radyansk warriors, like until the end of their military garb, in those terrible days.
The crew of the tank should be placed on combat mission Baked battle broke out and in the wind. The pilots of the 2nd Guards Army made 6 lines about 1 yew. letako-villotiv and in 64 repeated battles they beat up to 100 german letaks. In the course of tension battles in the sky under Kursk, Radianskaya aviation won panuvannya in the air. A lot of our poitryanyh fighters were shown with unapplied valor and masculinity, among them the young lieutenant I. N. Kozhedub (for the past three years Hero of the Radyansk Union and Marshal of Air Force) and Guards Lieutenant A.K. Posthumously, A. K. Horovets was awarded the title of Hero of the Radian Union. Pilot of the 8th Guards Guild Aviation Division A.K. Gorovets on the La-5 vinischuvach, fearlessly attacking 20 bombers and knocking out 9 of them, and then dying himself in that battle. At the battle near Kursk, his fighting rahunok and glorifications of Radyansky ace I. N. Kozhedub. 6 lines of wine hitting the German Yu-87 bomber, the next day - another one, 8 lines of 2 bombers Me-109. Senior Lieutenant A.P. Maresyev, who was in charge of the command allowed to let the soldiers, without regard for the amputation of the feet of both legs, having beaten 3 fortune-tellers in the battles on the “Fire Duzi”.
In the coming days, having entered the reserve, the German-fascist command jumped at any price to vikonate the order of the Fuhrer and break through to Kursk. Ale radianskie vіyska stood unpretentiously, heroically standing on the skin of a patch of native land. Zustrivshi staunch opir of the 6th tank (Major General A.L. Hetman) and the 3rd mechanized (Major General S.M. Krivosheyn) corps in the 1st tank army, the 48th German tank corps of the general of tank troops O. von Knobelsdorff at the other half of the day, on the 6th lime, turning to the pivnichniy exit at the straight line of Luchka, de occupying the defense of the 5th Guards Tank Corps (Lieutenant General A. G. Kravchenko) from the 156th Striletsky Regiment. All day and part of the night, on 7 limes, there were no baked battles here. Having spent 95 tanks and a splinter of assault rifles "Ferdinand", the enemy at the end of the day still choked up Luchki, and with part of his forces swarmed the left flank of the 1st Panzer Army. In this rank, in 2 days the enemy will advance, pushing his way to the head (Oboyansky) straight for 10-18 km, breaking through the defense of the 6th Guards Army on the narrow front. The 3rd German tank corps of the operational group "Kempf" on the Korochansky straight line on the 3-kilometer distance to the front of the Viishovs to another smug of defense of the 7th Guards Army. At night, against 7 limes, M.F. Vatutin vyrishiv led the front-line counterattack with two shock groups under the basis of the wedge with yogo sharpening and lowering. Ale bula was a special order of the Supreme Head Commander, who, having waited for the commander of the Voronezsky Front, to continue to keep the enemy in defensive battles, the docks would not be active on the Zahidny, Bryansk and other fronts. Vodnochas Verkhovny issued orders for the settlement of the Voronezsky Front by the 2nd Tank Corps and the suspension of the 5th Guards Tank Army of the Stepovoy Front in the summer. The commander of the army, Lieutenant-General P.A.
Commander of the 5th Guards Tank Army. P.A. Rotmistriv In the meantime, the 4th German Panzer Army had already broken through the other smuga of the defense of the 6th Guards Army, and the 2nd SS Panzer Corps (Ober-Gruppenführer P. Hausser) approached the third (army) smuga with a steel wedge. On the 9th line of the attack, the enemy’s shock grouping, as if there were hundreds of tanks, for a massive support of the aviation, they attacked a 10-kilometer distance and broke through to the third smuga by the end of the day. On Korochansky directly, the opponent, having started fights for a friend, defended a smog. On the same day, the heroic feat at the battle under the Krutym Log was carried out by the soldiers and the commanders of one of the battalions of the 73rd Guards Rifle Division (7th Guards Army) under the command of Captain A. A. Belgin. 9 splinters of the guards, the husbands hit the enemy, which I will overcome the strength of the force. We’ll bake the battle of three in 12 years, 11 baked attacks of the enemy were beaten by the guards, who knocked out 14 tanks and underwhelmed up to 600 Nazis. The battalion, having spent two thirds of its warehouse, did not miss the enemy. For this legendary battle, the entire special warehouse of the 3rd battalion of the 214th rifle regiment was awarded orders and medals, and captain A.A. Belgin (posthumously) that I. V. Ilyasov, as well as Sergeant S.P. Zorin were awarded the title of Hero of the Radyansky Union.
The tigers are getting ready On the 10th lime, Hitler, having punished the commander of the Pivden army group, Field Marshal Manstein, succeeded in making a decisive change in the hour of the battle. The German-Fascist command of the German-Fascist command decided to change the direct head blow and now advance on Kursk by the encircling path - through Prokhorovka. Ale radyanske command respectfully followed the actions of the enemy. In order to prevent the enemy from breaking through to the military retreat, the 69th Army (Lieutenant General V. D. Kryuchenkon), and then the 35th Guards Strile Corps (Lieutenant General S. G. Goryachev) were sent to the area of combat days. On the 9th lipnya, the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command punished the commander of the military of the Steppe Front, Colonel-General I. Connect the 4th Guards, 27th and 53rd Army to the Kursk-Bilgorod direct route to Konev and transfer the 5th Guards Army (Lieutenant General A.S. Zhadov) and the 5th Guards Tank Army to the warehouse of the Voronezsky Front . The commander of the Voronezsky Front, N.F. New Mali took the fate of 5 armies: the 1st and 5th guards tank armies, the 6th guards army, part of the forces of the 5th and 7th guards armies. It was necessary to start a large direct strike on Yakovlev, in order to sharpen and undermine the main forces of the 4th tank army of the enemy. At once, the 7th Guards Army was too small to strike at the exit from Bilgorod and destroy the 3rd Tank Corps and the Raus Army Corps.
At that hour, the enemy's tempi continued to unfavorably lower down. The enemy, having attacked Kursk on the 2nd day, would advance, but ended on the 7th day, and the other tank divisions were able to go through more than a third of the way. Blinded by powerless ferocity, the German-fascist troops continued to rush forward, building up the force of the blow. The stench reached the greatest success on the Prokhorovsky Direction. Here, the shock grouping of the enemy was able to wedge into our defenses to a depth of up to 35 km. Ale then buv yogo the rest of the success. The Voronez Front, having strengthened its reserves, started to complete a new task - the task of a hard counterattack and the defeat of the enemy's grouping, which wedged into its defense. On the morning of the 12th line, the commander of the 4th German tank army, planning to expand the reach of advance success on the Prokhorovsky straight line. Here is the 2nd SS Panzer Corps. The 48th Panzer Corps, having taken the task of ordering a crossing over the river Psel to a direct exit from Oboyan. After the offending of the tank corps, they were guilty of making a quick throw at Kursk. The 3rd Panzer Corps, having taken back the order to advance on the pivnich of the left bank of the Siversky Dints, defeat the Radiansk 69th Army and secure the right flank of the 4th Panzer Army, which was advancing on Kursk. The successful advance of the fascist troops on the 11th linden instilled confidence in the German military leaders. For a whole day, the enemy was far away from destroying the troops of the 1st Tank Army, 5th, 6th and 7th Guards Armies and making a line, aiming for the 5th Guards Tank Army. The situation was especially tense in the smuz of the 5th Guards Army, which was defending on the Prokhorov straight. The tank divisions of the enemy were only 2 km away from Prokhorivka, the one and the other for the support of 2 tank brigades, terminously hung by General Rotmistrov. Bey, which, having risen on the 12th lime, has gone down in history under the name of Prokhorivsky, flared up on the sides of the bay of Bilgorod-Kursk, and the main podії went down on the pivdenny landing in Prokhorivka. About 8 years 30 minutes after the 15th artillery raid of the main forces (18th and 29th tank corps) of the 5th Guards Tank Army with two natanim and tank corps crossed over to Yakovlev. Radianske command allowed that the enemy would be caught by the znenatska. However, at once the divisions of the 2nd SS Panzer Corps crossed the offensive. To finish the narrow expanse of ravine torn by ravines, 2 tank avalanches destroyed the sky. Zіtknennya 2 strong shock groups led to a grandiose zustrіchnoi tank battle, in yakіy from both sides at once took the fate of over 1200 tanks. Tsya tank battle, similar to any dossi did not know the history of wars, three days passed. Offensive parties recognized great losses. Yak having guessed the lead marshal of the armored troops P.A. hnuw . tar-skip chi not zupinyavsya with broken caterpillars. Ale and beat the tanks, as if the stench didn’t go out of the way, they continued to fire.” Radyansk tanks near Prokhorivka
The coming day after the battle of Prokhorovka, Marshal Vasilevsky added to Stalin: “Vchora especially posterigav the battle of our 18th and 29th tank corps with more than 200 tanks of the enemy ... yat. After two days of fighting, Rotmistrov’s 29th tank corps, having spent irrevocably and at the same time, went out of harmony up to 60 tons and the 18th tank corps 30 tons of tanks. You must try the enemy, beat your numerical advantage, siege the 5th Guards Tank Army from the flanks, ended in failure. But then our tank army, having exhausted all reserves, was no longer able to continue the advance and over the evening went over to the defensive. As a result of the winter battle under Prokhorivka, the other side could not break the task that stood before her: the enemy - broke through to Kursk; 5th Guards Tank Army - move to the Yakovlev area, defeating the enemy. Ale way vorogovі on Kursk was closed. Zustrichne present of the German military
Having spent in the course of the battle over 350 tanks, up to 100 garmats and mortars, about 10 thousand. Soldiers and officers, more motorized divisions of the SS "Adolf Hitler", "Reich" and "Dead Head" were frightened to attack and close at the reach lines (with a stretch of the day, they could stick out for 1-2 km). Our 5th Guards Tank and 5th Guards Central Army were not less aware of it. The 3rd tank corps of the enemy that day hit the troops of the 69th army for 10-15 km. Other Radianian armies could not push forward, as they took their fate from the counterattack on the 12th lime. In a whole ninth, the counterattack of the Voronezsky Front significantly increased the penetration of the enemy and made it possible to break through to Kursk, although the goals set by the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command were more likely to reach. At the link with the army of the front, it was punished to attack, and with a hard-nosed defense, there was still enough to destroy the enemy’s strength, which was advancing. For the fact that the counterattack of the troops of the Voronezsky front did not end with a complete defeat of the enemy’s shock grouping, the role was played by those who had a harder grouping of the Radianian troops to strike at the strongest grouping of the enemy, but not on their flanks, but on what they called tsya, in the forehead. The vikoristana was not completely victorious in the configuration of the line to the front, which allowed it to hit the base of the fortune-teller wedging with the method of sharpening and farther downgrading of the entire grouping of the German-fascist troops, which was strong on the piv nothing from Yakovlev.
Prote day 12 lime 1943 became the day of the catastrophe of the German offensive near Kursk. Prote the enemy did not put up with failure. Having regrouped their forces, having tried to hone and defence, on the day of Prokhorivka, the 69th Army. And after the tense battles that lasted until 15 pm, the idea of the German-fascist command was canceled. Having exhausted all their offensive capabilities, the enemy of the 16 th line of turmoil often deployed his troops at the outer camp. Voronezky and the introductions of the 18th lime near the battle of the Stepovy fronti passed to the next retrial. For example, on the 23rd day, lime stinks restored the camp, as they occupied the Radyansk troops until the beginning of the defensive battle.
Radyansk Viysk at the offensive Іstotny vpliv on a distant crossing of the podіy on the Belgorod-Kursk straight line they celebrated the podії on the pіvden krіl of the Radyansk-Nimets front. 17 lindens crossed at the offensive of the Pivdenny and Pivdenno-Zakhidny fronts. Already on the first day, the Pivdenny Front broke through the defenses of the enemy to the Mius River. On the evening of the same day, Field Marshal Manstein ordered General Goth to lead the 2nd SS Panzer Corps out of battle and prepare him to send the 6th Army, which was defending on the Mius Front, into the smuga. The next day, the commanders of the Pivden army group were praised for the decision to see the 3rd Panzer Corps out of battle. At night, on the 19th lime, a blazing view of the German fascist troops on the pivden face of the Kursk ledge rose. In this manner, during the course of the Kursk defense operation of the military of the Central, Voronez and Stepovoy fronts, the plan of the German fascist command was launched to sharpen and defeat the greater and lower millionth grouping of the Radian troops. The enemy's attempt to take revenge for Stalingrad and win the Chervona Army's strategic initiative failed completely. In the course of the baked defensive battle near Kursk, the Radianian troops led the enemy’s important defeats and created friendly minds for the transition to a decisive counteroffensive.
Reconnaissance before the present The success of the defense operation was a matter of admiration for them, that the Radian command not only guessed the enemy's plans, but precisely determined the place of that hour of the strike. Being in the middle in the areas of future great forces, it reached a total victory over the enemy, which made it possible not only to successfully defend, but also to advance. Not succumbing to the calmness to go on the offensive before the enemy, the radyansk command failed to finish the campaign plan, the basis of which was the defense of the offensive with one-hour preparation for the counteroffensive. In order to achieve the goals of the defense operation, the strongest defense for the war was urged on the Kursk railway. Tsya defense was laid out for us in front of the appearance of massive tank strikes, it was unbeatable in terms of depth, in terms of engineering position and smog, strength of forces and benefits. The present of the German-fascist wars failed even to those who did not get far enough to win the panuvannya from the air. In the course of the defensive battle, the Radyansk pilots lost over 1.5 thousand. nіmetskih litakіv, even as the vlasnі vlasnі became close to 460 litakіv. At the battle near Kursk, the enemy was attacked by the whole world, having recognized on its own all the strikes of the radyansk assault and bombardment aviation.
Nezabara I’ll visit the biy The defense near Kursk seemed inexhaustible for the enemy of unapplied masculinity and heroism of the Radian warriors, as if to death they stood on the occupying frontiers, protecting them to the last drop of blood, to the rest of the breath. The blow of the enemy was of terrible force, without perebіlshennya kolkovitim, it was not so easy to see yoga. It is unlikely that another army could have done it. Ale radyansky soldier standing. I didn’t just stand up, but I beat the enemy, and then drove him to the back. True, the victory over the enemy was given at a high price. In defensive battles on the Kursk River, the Radyansk troops spent about 180 thousand. osib, over 1.6 yew. tanks and self-propelled guns, close to 4 thousand. garmat and mortar. Ale and the enemy, having recognized the majestic expenses. For whom should it be noted that the data of the beaten Hitler generals about the expenditure of 80-100 thousand. the hour of the advent of the German-fascist wars on the Kursk river in the linden of 1943 can hardly be recognized as reliable, how to cherish the deacons of our “historians”, not burdened with the simplest knowledge from the military authorities. It is necessary for us to belittle the greatness of our victory and to correct our false thesis about those that the Chervona Army nibito "filled up the enemy with their corpses." If so, then eat, but who else should have sent the enemy to the Kursk river, and then driven him to the exit? Seeing whom did these "impossible" Hitlerite warriors drape without a break right up to the Dnipro? At the end of the day, the victory of the radian troops over the enemy in people on the Kursk railway became less than 1.4: 1. And tse is not so overwhelmed by the perevaga, shchob "throw" the enemy with corpses. Htos mav i fight with the enemy, i, moreover, remaga yogo.
Dozvіllya during the calm period Let's go. For a long time already, and to do good, we recognize people, we know not a bit from the military right, that the side that advances on the preparation of the enemy’s defense, knows significantly more expenses balanced with the defense forces. On the right, if a soldier, who is on the defensive, sits at a shelter (a trench, a trench, a dugout, it’s thin), and the soldier advancing on a new soldier, to allow such a gain, is guilty of shifting his head in the face of the enemy’s fire. So who has more mobility in battle? Let's get some food, let's read it yourself on the new one. And the fact that the detractors of our past battlefield don’t want to take it to the point of respect. Aje tse is an axiom, which does not require proof. It is possible to ask such kind of “historians” at the link, as if they were taking on faith the opinions of our many opponents, but why did the insistent side recognize two smaller losses, the lower side, which is defending itself? Tim is bigger, but neither in tanks, nor in artillery, there is no battle, that panuvannya in the midst of the battle was spent by German aviation. Now let's marvel at the problem from the other side. The Germans themselves recognize that their tank and motorized divisions have known great losses from the tanks. The new technology did not help them, as the stench put such hopes. So, their tank corps, which formed the basis of shock groups, albeit a little halted the Radianian defense, under an hour of attack on the Kursk River, spent 60 to 80% of their tanks. As a result, perhaps half of the German tank and motorized divisions have spent their combat capacity. Aje tank is incomprehensibly folded, lower people. So the axis of the cost of the German-fascist wars during the course of the offensive operation on the Kursk railway, shards of accurate data about the German spend of the day (and tse, regardless of the famous German pedantry!), we proponu read it yourself. And, at the end of the story, the German-fascist command miraculously convinced (about the verification of numerical documents and other dzherel) that the failure of the operation "Citadel" and the transition of the Radyansky troops to the counteroffensive meant a fundamental change in the war against the Rada the Jansk Union and the residual transition of the strategic initiative to the Radian side. Irresponsible for the zhorstokistyu and the intensity of the fight against Kursk, ending with the victory of the Red Army. The armored armada of the enemy fought against the impregnability of the Radian defense. The ambitious hopes of the German-Fascist command fell on their own melancholy to bury the strategic initiatives and change the course of the war. Hitler's strategists had a chance to look into offensive plans and quickly take a decision on the transition to strategic defense. So suvora diissnist sounded deeply forgiving of the enemy’s warning about the impossibility of the German army to the influx, and urged him to take a hard look at the real camp of the right. The Radyansk command, with a strategic initiative, dictated its will to the opponents. The sight of the German-fascist attack on Kursk, having created a favorable situation for the command of a poor strike at the enemy. What was eaten by those who, at once, from the approaches of the military defense on the Kursk ledge, the Radianska Viysk, were prepared and before moving on to the counterattack with the method of defeating the shock groups of the enemy on the Oryol and Belgorod-Kharkiv straight lines. According to the plan, approved by the Supreme Commander in January 1943, it was planned to carry out two groups of fronts. Orel enemy grouping (2nd tank, 2nd and 9th Polish armies - a total of 37 divisions, including 8 tank and 2 motorized divisions, which had up to 600 thousand weapons in their warehouse, more than 7 thousand garmats and mortars , close to 1.2 thousand tanks and assault shells and over 1.1 thousand aircraft) were defeated by the forces of the Western, Bryansk and Central fronts. This operation took away the code name Kutuzov. The soldiers of the Western Front (Colonel-General V. D. Sokolovsky) led the head strike with their left krill. It was necessary for the cooperation between the troops of the Bryansk Front to sharpen and undermine the Bolkhovian grouping of the enemy, which covered the strength of the German-fascist troops on the Orlovsky bridgehead. Then, advancing at the direct line to Khotynets, the stink of a small way to the back of the Oryol grouping of the enemy and at once from the troops of Bryansk and the Central Front to destroy її. The Bryansk Front (Colonel-General M. M. Popov), heading the head strike with his left krill at the headstrike, headed straight for Orel, and with part of his forces advancing on Bolkhov. The soldiers of the Central Front took off the head of the strike with their right krill at the head straight for Krom. Then, developing success in front of the western front, the stench of the Oryol grouping of the enemy from a direct approach and completing the rout in mutual cooperation with the Bryansk and Western fronts. In such a rank, the idea of the operation "Kutuzov" was brought up to the point where, with the sharp blows of the three fronts from the pivnochi, immediately that pivdnya in the wild directly on the Oryol rose more than the grouping of those wretched parts. Watching military, combat equipment and other preparations come in boulo zdijsnenno fronts behind the line. p align="justify"> Particular respect was given to the masuvannya of forces and bones on the straight lines of the head strikes. The need for this was determined by the fact that, giving great importance to the Oryol bridgehead, the German fascist command, even before the attack on Kursk, created here a mitzna of deep-sheltered defense with a wide-spread system of field fortifications. Most of the settlements were prepared for all-round defense. A serious change for the Radyansky Viysk Bula was a great number of rivers, yariv and beams. This made it easier to stop the great tank forces and, later, it made it easier to develop tactful success into an operational one. Important for the development of approaches is small and the situation, that on the bridgehead the enemy maw is such a great knot of highways and bays, like an eagle, which made it possible for him to have a wide operational maneuver in the right lanes. Later, the Radyansky troops on the Oryol bridgehead stood up like a tighter grouping of the enemy, and like a new - positional - yogo defense, with such a stink they stumbled forward at the war.
Colonel General K.K. Rokossovsky roaming with a soldier at the forefront The minds of the commanders and headquarters had a lot of things to do in a new way to see the supply of the military echelon, the stationing of tanks, artillery and aviation. The main respect for the bula was focused on the deep pobudov military order of the army and the creation of high operational strengths. So, the 11th Guards Army, which fought on the direct head blow of the Western Front, had a small advance near the smooth 36 km. At the same time, the main forces of that cause were seized on a distance of 14 km through the gap. And on the Rashti front, only one rifle division was defending. The army is small operational pobudovu in one echelon іz vidіlennyam zagalnovіyskogo reserve (strіletska divіzіya). Striletsky corps (there were 3 of them in the army) had a small order of battle in 2-3 echelons, and archery divisions, flanking krim, - in 1 echelon. The number of artillery in the distance of the pier exceeded 200 garmats and mortars per 1 km of the front. The army occupied 2 tank corps, 4 tank brigades, 2 tank and 2 self-propelled artillery regiments. Tank corps became a loose group of the army. Tanks, yakı bezporeddno pіdtremu pіhota, there were up to 250. The stench was given to divisions, which were advancing on the head straight. Today, the average strength was 14 units per 1 km to the front of the break. Such a rozpodіl forces that їх operational-tactical pobudovu, as primirovanno vozvozhdnâ army command, zazpechuvannya build up zusil when breaking through the tactical zone of the enemy's defense and development of success in the yogo operational depth, right up to the exit to the Bolkhov area (depth 65 km). Under the hour of preparation of the operation, exploration, organization of mutual cooperation, come in for operational masking and engineering security, carried out with the great science. Til secured the military with all the necessary conduct of the great offensive operation. Breaking through the strong defenses on the Orlovsky bridgehead and defeating the enemy’s straining grouping, it affected the military boundary pressure of forces and the high military strength. Before the political bodies and party organizations, new tasks were put in front of them. Having secured the formation of the non-pereborable staunchness of the military forces at the defense, the stench now put all the respect in the middle of the formation at the special warehouse of the high offensive force, the mobilization of the warriors for the swift evil of the enemy’s defense and the final rout of the enemy.
The sky has Yaks. Photo by E. Chaldea
Bomber crew Before the beginning of the Oryol offensive operation, there were close to 1.3 million firearms, over 21 thousand. garmat and mortars, 2.4 ths. tanks and self-propelled guns and over 3 thousand. litakiv. Otzhe, the overriding victory of the radian troops over the enemy was 2 times in people, 3 times in artillery, 2 times in tanks, and 3 times in aviation. Tse bula is an insignificant advantage for the side. However, unscrupulous historians, trying to reduce the Radian mysticism to the fates of the Great German War, twist the facts, talking about the 10-fold victory of the Chervonoy Army in the counteroffensive near Kursk. Tsі firmzhennya perebuvayut at the screaming protirіchі z facts. Belgorod-Kharkiv offensive operation(code name "Commander Rumyantsev") was carried out with the method of defeating the 4th tank army and the Kempf operational group of the enemy (18 divisions, including 4 tanks - up to 300 thousand weapons, over 3 thousand garmat and mortars, up to 600 tanks and assault guns and over 1 thousand aircraft). Before June, the soldiers of the Voronezsky and Stepovoy fronts, as well as part of the forces of the Pivdenno-Zahidny front, were radiant. For whom, directly, the German-Fascist military tezh spiraled on a goodly wounded, well-prepared defense, which included 7 defensive lines. Zagalna їkhnya glybina reached 90 km. The opening of the gate to the Bіlgorodsko-Kharkіv bridgehead was explained by the fact that the wines, having crooked the Donbas grouping from the pіvnochi, looked like a gate to the German fascist command, that flickered towards Ukraine. All tse vimagalo in the days of the Radyansk warriors, especially the retelno preparation before the onset.
Mіstseva sack showing straight to the breeders In view of the counterattack on the Oryol straight, the Bilgorod-Kharkiv offensive operation was planned and prepared during the defensive battle. Vіyska Voronezkogo and Stepovoy frontіv, viyshovshi 23 lines to the front line of the German defense, were not ready before the great offensive operation was carried out. The idea of the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command on the Bіlgorodsko-Kharkіvsk operation was knocked down by the fact that with a hard blow of the summіzhny krills of the Voronezsky and Stepovoy frontіv in the wild directly on the Bogodukhіv rozsіkti resisted the enemy's aggregation and defeated him in parts. An additional blow to the bypass of Kharkiv was led by the 57th army of the Pivdenno-Zakhidny front. Based on such an idea, the Radianian command set the task of the fronts. The Voronezsky front, having led the head strike with its lion's wings at the scorched head straight for Bogodukhiv, Valki, hoarsely Kharkiv grouping of the enemy from the approach. The steppe front could defeat the enemy in the Bilgorod area, and then advance on Kharkiv, which was planned for the 10th day of the operation. In this way, the main idea of thinking about the operation “Commander Rumyantsev” was to resolve the Belarusian-Kharkiv grouping of the Hitlerites in the form of an influx of reserves from the approach, split up the defense on the core of the middle and create a mind for defeating in sogo tsgogo vorozhoy grouping by particles. In choosing such a form of operational maneuver, the creative mind of the radyansk command was clearly manifested before the planning of the operation, which created everything to protect the peculiarities of the situation that had developed. The plan of the operation was to advance on the front of the zavdovka 200 km and on the mud up to 120 km. The preparation for the counteroffensive took place in the arc of the border (10 db), which led to the command of the military of the great art and the strained zusil. On the cob of sickle, preparations for the counteroffensive were completed. After the internal front regrouping and re-staffing at the warehouse of the Voronezsky and Stepovoy fronts, it took over 1.1 million cases, over 12 thousand. garmat and mortars, 2.4 ths. tanks and self-propelled guns and 1.3 thousand. litakiv. Radyansk military men had less advantage over the enemy in people than in 3 times, in artillery and tanks - in 4 times, in aviation - 1.3 times. On the straights of the head strikes of the fronts, zavdyaki to the master's mass of forces and zaobіv tsia the victory was more vicious. Artillery stations on the dilyanka proriv reached 230 garmats and mortars, and tanks and self-propelled guns - 70 units per 1 km of the front. For the development of success as a crumbling group of the Voronezsky front, 2 tank armies were victorious in the war. At night, for 3 sickles, the radyansky warriors sweated out the enemy, occupied the outer camp for the attack. Under the cover of night, the stench was preparing to bring down on the enemy, which is resting in the unknown, a blow of majestic power. A successful counterattack on the Oryol and Bilgorod-Kharkiv direct lines, according to the idea of the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command, is not enough for the wild offensive of the Chervonoy Army on the entire Radian-German front. The defensive battle on the Kursk River Boulevard was in full swing, if the 12th line after the hard artillery and aviation training crossed the offensive of the shock grouping of the Western and Bryansk fronts. The enemy, oppressed by the fire of our artillery and air strikes, did not manage to repair some serious support for the first hour. At the smuse of the Western Front, the Radianian command vikoristo a new trick: the day began not after artillery preparation, as it was practiced, but in the course of її, which struck the enemy. However, the wines were gradually negotiated in the event of a misunderstanding and becoming repaired of the opir. A baked battle broke out along the entire front. Tim is no less, a year after the transition of the military at the onset of the division of the first echelon of the 11th Guards Army (11 rifle divisions, reinforced by 4 tank brigades), which was commanded by Lieutenant General I. Kh. Baghramyan (the future Marshal of the Radyansk Union), under the cover of the fire shaft and for the massive support of the attack aircraft, took over the first position, zoning the key point of the German defense of Dudino. This was the signal for the introduction of the frontal corrals - tank brigades from the infantry landing.
The tempi soon grew up. Until the middle of the day, units of the 8th (Major-General P.F. Malishev) and the 16th (Major-General A.V. Lapshov) of the guards rifle corps slandered the enemy’s position to another. For the development of success, the commander of the 11th Guards Army should direct the 5th Tank Corps (Major General M. G. Sakhno) at the Bolkhivsky battlefield. Together with the 83rd Guards Rifle Division (Major General Ya. S. Vorobyov), the corps completed breaking through the first smug of the guard's defense and becoming protruding to the other smug. Ale, before one o'clock the enemy had already managed to fall back, yogo opіr sharply zrіs. From Zhizdry to the dilyanka break, the 5th German tank division hung. For example, on the 12th day of the 12th linden Mayzha near all the advances, the army of the 11th Guards Army wedged into the enemy’s defenses for 8-10 km, that її tank units went to the other defense zone of the enemy. The battles continued throughout the night. Particularly successful was the advance of the 5th Panzer Corps, commanded by Major Z.I. Chubukov. Under the cover of night, we crossed the river Vitebet, heavily fortified the regional center of Ulyanovo, and then attacked and destroyed the headquarters of the infantry division. On the morning of the coming day, the army continued the offensive. Increasing the force of the blow, the commander of the army to enter the 1st tank corps at the bіy (lieutenant general V. V. Butkov). Ale Mayzhe vіdrazu vіn buv counterattacks of the 5th German Panzer Division, which came. At the start of the battle, which started, the enemy was beaten up and thrown out. Tse allowed the troops of the 11th Guards Army to break through the linden in the center of the other defenses until the middle of the day on 13, and, for example, to push through the narrow wedge for 20-25 km near the mud. However, on the flanks, he attacked calmly. In the wake of the investigation, data were found about the possibility of a strong counterattack by the enemy, with the method of establishing a camp on the Bolkhov straight line. These data were confirmed by the fact that we took the 9th army of the 18th and 20th tank divisions from the front and began to transfer them to the dilyanka and break through the 11th guards army. There, from Orel, the 25th motorized division hung.
German artillery takes up a position of fire on the outskirts of the village Vranci 14 lime, as if ochіkuvalos, the enemy after the artillery attack and air strikes counterattacking the 5th tank, 8th and 36th guards rifle corps of the 11th guards army. Heavy battles ensued. And at the same time, on the Khotinetsky straight ahead, the 16th Guards Rifle Corps mayzhe without a break protrude into the air. Already until the end of the day 14, the linden of the mud-hole yogo prosuvannya syagal 45 km. To expand the reach of the cim corps of success, I. H. Bagramyan took the 11th Guards Rifle Division directly from Bolkhovsky and sent it to the settlement of the 16th Guards Rifle Corps. 17 lime wines to enter at the bіy on Khotynets directly, having arrived at the depot of the army of the 25th tank corps (Major General F. G. Anikushin). Later, until the 19th, the linden and the wedged reached 70 km, the advanced units of the army went to Khotyntsya. In this manner, the troops of the 11th Guards Army of the Western Front completed the breakthrough of the enemy’s defenses before the end of the next day and began to develop success in this operational depth. The offensive of the Bryansk Front developed in a folded environment. Mustaches of the 3rd army fought important battles, but frontal attacks did not give a result. The 61st Army (Lieutenant-General P.A. Belov), as a result of the two-day battles, could only wedged into the enemy’s defenses at a depth of 5-8 km. Pragnuchi be-scho-be utrimati Bolkhov - an important defense school, the Nazis quickly pushed the new viysk into the whole area, knowing them from the other workers to the front. The battles were baked, so that a lot of settlements and heights more than once passed from hand to hand. The same tense situation developed in the dark days of the 3rd and 63rd armies.
Advance behind the T-34 tanks Only before the end of the first day of the operation of the 61st army, together with the 20th tank corps (lieutenant general I. G. Lazarev), they managed to break through the enemy’s defenses, push through 20 km and go around Bolkhov from the pivnіch descent. On the Oryol straight, the 3rd (Lieutenant-General A.V. Gorbatov) and 63rd (Lieutenant-General V.Ya. Kolpakchi) armies broke through the enemy’s defenses up to 16 lindens and pushed through the mud 17-22 km. Їх succes is rich in why buv security was introduced at the battle of the 1st Guards Tank Corps (Major General M. F. Popov). However, without a hitch, their offensive was stifled by the enemy's reserves, which they went. The Strivozhen with an unfriendly development of the German-fascist command punished its troops to imagine the attack of the Radian troops on the occupying lines. Disrupted by failures, Hitler called for the appointment of the commander of the 2nd German tank army, Colonel-General R. Schmidt, who did not mind the deep breakthroughs of the Radyansk troops on the 3rd division of his front. The 2nd tank army was promptly assigned to the commander of the 9th field army. General Model live terminovikh zahodіv to strengthen their own troops on the pivnіchny and similar faces of the Oryol bridgehead. The dekilka of the division was taken by him from the 9th army and, in terminology, was transferred to the pivnich. The advance of the 9th Army behind the plan of the Citadel operation, of course, had a chance to be pinned down. Now it was necessary to think not about the rout of the Radyansk warriors, but about the order of the Lords. The weakening of the shock grouping of the enemy was greeted by the soldiers of the Central Front. 15 lime stinks went on a counterattack, launching a strike on the enemy’s Oryol grouping from pivdnya. Zlamavshi opir seriously weakened 9th army, soldiers of the Central Front after 3 days again restored the camp, as it was engaged until the beginning of the defensive battle.
Tim hour radyanskі vіyska continued to develop the achievements of success. Having imagined the counterattacks of the enemy’s reserves, which were coming, the 11th Guards Army deeply swarmed the Bolkhovian grouping of Nazis and part of the forces reached Khotintsya. A serious threat loomed over the most important communication, which was controlled by the Hitlerites - the Orel-Bryansk transshipment highway. Pragnuchi for the cost of destroying the Orlovsky bridgehead, the command of the Army Group "Center" sent new reinforcements to the Orel region. For 7 days, from 12 to 18 days, 12 divisions were transferred to the settlement of the 2nd tank army (including 7 tank divisions and 1 motorized). Ale tsi come in turned out to be insufficient. The enemy was less than a trifle away to improve the pace of the advance of our troops, but there was no sign of them. Increasing the force of the blow, the radian command introduced at the bіy strategic reserves: 19 lime - at the smuzі of the Bryansk front of the 3rd Guards tank army (lieutenant general P. S. Ribalko), 20 lime - at the smuzі of the Zahidny front of the 11 lieutenant I. I. Fedyuninsky), and the 26th line - the 4th tank army (lieutenant general V. M. Badanov). 20-30 linden on all straights sharpened baked battles. The enemy launched strong counterattacks against the flanks of the 11th Guards and on the front, the 3rd Guards Tank Army was reintroduced into battle. Iomu was far away from the offensive of the tank army and repulsed the advance of the army I. H. Baghramyan in the Bryansk-Orel saloon road. On the 26th lime in the Hitlerite station, the Oryol bridgehead was destroyed and a hundred troops were put on the march to the Bryansk defense line "Hagen". With the method of a planned exit of the military, the intermediate borders were possessed on the new one. For їх everyday life, a whole population of the population was widely victorious. The departure of the leading forces of the Nazi fascist troops from the Oryol bridgehead rose up at nothing against 31 lindens. Protégé important battles were fought on the entire 400-kilometer front, the shards of the enemy came to fight properly and in an organized manner. On the 29th, the bryansk and western front lines defeated the Bolkhovian grouping of the German troops and devastated the place of Bolkhov. At the reach of success, the 4th tank army played a vital role, introduced in front of the army in Bolkhiv directly. The destruction of the enemy in the region of Bolkhov, having zoomed in on the defeat of the entire Oryol grouping of German fascist troops.
Officers of the 29th Guards Rifle Regiment of the 12th Guards Rifle Division ahead of the Battle of Kursk near Bolkhovim. Cherven 1943 roku The ear of the sickle was marked by a baked struggle on the steps to the Orel, converted by the Nazis on a hard vuzol support. Until this hour, for this mutual military force advancing on Orel, the Headquarters of the Supreme Command transferred the left-flank armies of the Western Front (11th Guards and 11th Zagalnovysk, 4th Tank Army) to the warehouse of the Bryansk Front. Podolayuchi zavzyaty opіr enemy, radyanskі vіyska boldly poked forward. The Bryansk front pressed the enemy on the way and on the pivnich from the Eagle. The rears of the right krill of the Central Front pushed through to Orel from pivdnya.
The eagle is wild! Not less baked battles from the first days of the operation flared up and in the wind. Dії radyanskih litchikіv vіdznyali vіdatny vіdvagou, vіyskoy vіysk's majsternіstі and rіshuchіstyu. Closely in cooperation with the ground troops, 1-a (lieutenant general of aviation M. M. Gromov), 15-a (lieutenant general of aviation M. F. Naumenko) and the 16th army in the strained fight, the commander of the great fascist aviation tsії that , zahopivshi mіtsne panuvannya again, played a great role in the successful outcome of the offensive operation. Plich-o-plіch with Radyansk pilots in those days fought in the sky of the Oryol region volunteer pilots of the French squadron "Normandy", who were shot down in battles over the Oryol bridgehead by 33 German pilots. The following fact can be said about the intensity of the combat work of the Radianian aviation during the Oryol offensive operation: in less than 5 days, in the middle of the operation, the pilots of the 15th and 16th insurgent armies shot about 9.8 thousand. litaco-villotiv. All the roads, like the German troops looked at, were literally littered with broken and burned cars, tanks, and other equipment. The main reason why the German-Fascist command prompted to deprive the Oryol ledge of the front, was to avoid the threat of its consolidation in the Orel region, as it became more and more real. The position of the enemy on the Kursk straight continued to move, and before that, near the Orel region. On the 3rd sickle, the Voronezsky and Stepovy fronts crossed the counterattack on the pivden front of the Kursk salient. Breaking the enemy's defenses, the stench began to develop successes on the Bilgorod-Kharkiv straight line. Pivdenne wing of the German Skhidny front crackled at the seams again. Stepping under the strong blows of the Radian troops, the enemy ransacked on the Russian land everything that could only be run down. And yet the occupiers did not anger their powerless fierce, the hour of payment was imminently approaching. In response to the atrocities of the enemy, the savage of the sacred hatred of the radian warriors grew more and more to bitter zagarbniks, the strength of their blows grew. Thousands of heroic deeds were beaten by them in the day on the Oryol land. The struggle of the Radian people at the enemy's tilu took on an ever greater scope. At the fate of 1943, the partisans fired up active dialogues with yoga communications. Behind the splitting of the Central Headquarters of the partisan movement, the plan of the stench called for an operation from a mass extermination of the air, which went down in history under the name "Reikova war". The operation carried out by the partisans played a great role in the successful results of the Kutuzov operation. Bad luck (strongly angry) and strong minefields did not bring forward parts of the 3rd and 63rd armies to go close to Orel for 4 sickles. The ancient Russian place faced them with suffocation with smoke, which are shaking with vibukhas. The Radyansk warriors rushed to storm the Eagle. The first part of the 5th Striletsky Division (Colonel P.T. Mikhalitsin), 129th (Colonel I.V. Panchuk), 380th (Colonel A.F. Kustiv) Striletsky Divisions and the 17th Guards Tank Division brigade (Colonel B. V. Shulgin). But the enemy did not dare to take the place without a fight. Street fights began. The stench went beyond the leather quarter, the leather hut. The battles near the area with parts of the 12th tank division of the enemy fought 4 sickles all day. Only the eve of our wars went to the river Oka and began to forsuvannya. At night the battles lulled already at the western part of the place. Parts of the 289th (Major General T.V. Tommola), who escaped to Orel from the fire and the fire at once, and the 308th (Colonel N.K. Maslennikov) 1 of the Striletsky divisions, residually broke the baked opir of the enemy. On the Svitanka of the 5th Sickle, the Eagle received more than one ring from the German-Fascist guards. The population of the place hovered for the joy of its whistleblowers. For masculinity and heroism, manifested in the battles for the Eagle, 9 parts of that battle of the Bryansk Front were awarded the honorable names of the Orlovskys. On the same day - 5 sickles - the town of Bilgorod was called by the troops of the Steppe Front. In honor of those who survived, on the evening of 5 September 1943 in Moscow, an artillery salute was fired at the Great Vitchiznyaniya war - 12 volleys out of 124 harmats. From that memorable day, artillery salutes to commemorate the victories of the Chervonoy Army became a glorious military tradition.
Polonenі On the 6th of September, the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command assigned the task to the Bryansk Front - to set the zusill on the volodin of Khotynets and Karachov. The central front took off the enemy’s defenses, which entered the Orel on a direct approach. The German-Fascist troops, shortening the front line, strengthened their battle formations and made a strong support at the intermediate lines. However, the encampment of the guardian grouping on the westward of Orel became more complicated after the fact that on the 7th sickle on the pivnich, on the Oryol bridgehead, the brunt forces of Zakhidny, and then the Kalininsk Front, went on the offensive. Now a threat from the pivnoch hung over her. The German fascist command had the opportunity to capture 13 divisions from the Oryol bridgehead and transfer them to the Smolensk-Roslavl straight line. Opir enemy on the Oryol bridgehead significantly weakened. On the 9th sickle, the 11th Guards and the 4th Tank Army started fighting for Khotynets. Vranci 10 serpnya the place was called. Developing success, radyansky viyska continued to collapse on the west. The baked battles broke out on the steps to Karachov. Under the threat of sharpening, the enemy, on the 15th sickle, will deprive the place of turmoil. With the permission of Karachov, the troops of the 11th and 11th Guards Army, the Oryol bridgehead of the enemy, was eliminated. Until the 18th of September, the Radiansky Viysk reached the late leg prepared by the Nazis for the defense line "Hagen", which passed through the exit from Bryansk. Here the stench of Timchas moved to defense from preparation to a new offensive operation. The Oryol offensive operation lasted 38 days and ended with the defeat of the strained grouping of German-fascist troops, aimed at Kursk from the pivnochi. The liquidation of the Orlovsky bridgehead of the enemy led to a sharp change in the situation on the central division of the Radian-German front. In the course of the counterattack, the Radyansky Viysks broke through the enemy’s strong defenses and pushed their way through the front straight into the mud up to 150 km. Bulo defeated 15 German divisions (Zokrema 3 tanks). For an hour of operation, the enemy spent close to 90 thousand. osіb less driven in, over 1.4 yew. letakіv that majestic number of other combat equipment and weapons. The dear price for the victory happened to be paid to the Radiansky soldiers. The human cost of 3 fronts in the course of the Oryol offensive operation amounted to 430 thousand. osіb (for that number of non-reversible - close to 113 thousand), over 2.5 thousand. tanks and self-propelled guns, close to 900 garmats and mortars, over 1 thousand. litakiv. And all the same, the Orlovsky bridgehead of the enemy, the whole “dagger, of nations in the heart of Russia”, liquidated. At the end of the battle near Orlom, the Radyansky soldiers launched another devastating blow on the gates, turning into a counterattack on the front of the Kursk ledge. The offensive of the Voronezsky and Stepovoy fronts on the Bilgorod-Kharkivsky front started early on the 3rd sickle after heavy artillery preparation and air strikes. Directly head-on, at the smuzі 5th Guards Army on a distance of 16 km wide, the commander of the Voronezsky Front M.F. 14 artillery tanks and self-propelled artillery regiments. The average density of tanks in the 5th Guards Army was 87 units per 1 km of the front. And on a dilyantsi break with a width of 6 km per 1 km, 230 garmats and mortars, 178 tanks and self-propelled guns fell on average. The rest of the strength of the army and koshtiv was created in the wake of the advance of the 57th army (the army was included in the warehouse of the Stepovoy front). Here, on a 7-kilometer distance, the artillery thicket pierced through 300 garmats and mortars per 1 km of the front. In the middle of the day, the commander of the Voronez Front, in the battle of the 1st and 5th Guards Tank Army (1111 tanks and self-propelled guns), yak in mutual defense of the 5th Guards Army, before noon of the next day, operations broke through the defenses at the opponent i slipped on depth up to 30 km.
The sky guards yaks. Photo by Y. Chaldea Earlier in the course of the war, advancing on one operational line, 2 tank armies turned out to be a kind of armored sword, which hit the enemy with a deep blow, which rose. The massive congestion of tanks on the widest distance of the front pushed the pace of the operation forward. Having broken through the tactful defense and destroyed the nearest operational reserves of the enemy, the shock grouping of the fronts went to the next reconsideration. The tempo of the next step has gradually increased. The next day, the operations of the tank armies pushed their way into the mud 50 km. The 2nd and 5th (Lieutenant-General of Aviation S. K. Goryunov) helped the ground troops to give great help to the army. Having broken the enemy’s opposition, the soldiers of the Stepovoy Front reached Belgorod and from the wound of 5 sickle started fighting for the new one. From the beginning of the night, the 69th army attacked the place, and immediately - the 7th guards army. 1st Mechanized Corps (Lieutenant General M. D. Solomatin) Ale, unfazed by the threat of sharpening, the enemy continued to pacify the place. Started baked street battles, which ended on the eve of the night with the defeat of the German garrison and Bilgorod's deeds. The 89th Guards Rifle Division of Colonel M. P. Seryugin, the 305th Strile Division of Colonel A.F. the cost of the honorable name "Belgorod".
Participant of the Battle of Kursk, pilot-attack aircraft Major Lomantsev. 1943 rec. Photo by Y. Ryumkin Voronezsky and the Stepovy Fronti continued to develop the offensive. Shvidko fired the tank armies. Until the middle of the day on the 6th sickle, the 1st Panzer Army pushed through a 50-55 km deep, and on the right flank, the 5th Guards Tank Army liquidated a strong vuzol support of the enemy in the Tomarivka area and broke through to Zolochev. It was already far beyond the pivnich, if the tanks of the 181st tank brigade of the 18th tank corps (Colonel A.V. Egorov) reached the outskirts of the city with their headlights turned off. The brigade commander lieutenant colonel V.A. The motors fired, and the Radyansk tanks swept up to Zolochiv. The fire was awakened by the roar of the engines and the creak of the caterpillars, reminiscent of the fire of the Hitlerites, hurriedly jumped out of the bunkers and simply consumed the fire of tank garmats and machine guns. Rushing along the parallel streets, the tanks shot and squeezed the equipment that stood on the Uzbeks: vintage and staff vehicles, tractors, armatures, cool kitchens, etc. Captain Ya. P. Vergun and senior lieutenant E. Shkurdaliv . Both stinks were awarded the title of Hero of the Radyansky Union. On the sweatshirt of the opponent's opir sharply zrіs. To help the brigades, the brigades sent firepower to the corps. The nave of the city of Zolochiv was full of calls from the enemy, and the remnants of the garrison were sent out for the day. The 29th Tank Corps (Major-General I.F. Kirichenko) of the 5th Guards Tank Army at the same hour developed an attack on Kozacha Lopan. Opіr voroga here is also buv shvidko zlamaniy. Bogodukhov and Zolochiv fired 7 sickle tank armies, having completed breaking through the enemy's defenses to the entire її operational depth. The front of the breakthrough of our troops reached 120 km, and the depth of 80 - 100 km. The Bіlgorodsko-Kharkіvsk grouping of the German-fascist troops, in fact, was divided into two parts. Radyansk aviation won the panuvannya from the front in the tension of the fight. In the period from 3 to 8 sickles, about 400 German letaks fell. Until the 11th sickle, the Voronezsky front wiyshov with its right wings to Okhtirka, and left - to the Kharkiv-Poltava bay. The Viysk of the Stepovoy Front went as far as the western defensive bypass of Kharkov. In order to prevent the sharpening of its Kharkov grouping, the command of the army group "Pivden" decided on the terms of the transfer of troops to the front of the Donbass and the z-pid Orel. The Headquarters of the Supreme Command gave instructions to aviation to transfer the operational reserves of the enemy to the line of the Stepovoy and Voronezsky fronts. In the wake of the uninterrupted flight of the Radianskaya aviation, the fortune-telling reserves recognized significant losses, and the smut could not arrive at the same time to the recognition of the districts. During the period of the most intensive transfers of the enemy’s reserves, partisan strikes were led by strikes on the airborne communications. These active forces significantly increased the pace of the counterstrike groups of the Nazis. Prote zirvati the regrouping of the great forces of the enemy near the Kharkiv region did not reach our command.
Marshal I.S. Konev speaking before the fighters Until the 10th sickle, the enemy's defense on the Kharkiv straight line was residually divided into two parts. Between the 4th tank army and the operational group "Kempf" they managed to make a 60-kilometer breach. Tim himself was made to think for the sake of Kharkiv and the development of the attack on the Left Bank of Ukraine. Apparently, before the plan approved by the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command, the plan of taking over Kharkiv was transferred to the inflicted concentric blow from a few straight lines for an one-hour deep attack from the approach. The 53rd, 57th, 69th, 7th Guards Central and 5th Guards Tank Army are advancing on Kharkiv Mali. The Voronezsky Front, with the forces of three armies, attacked Okhtirka, with part of the forces - on Bogodukhіv and farther on Merefa in the bypass of Kharkiv from the pivnіchny entry. At the end of the second stage of the operation "Commander Rumyantsev", the Voronezsky Front was supported by the reserves of the Headquarters. The deputy of the armies, who were from the warehouse, brought in new ones - the 4th Guards and the 47th Army. The Pivdenno-Zakhidny Front (General of the Army R. Ya. Malinovsky) led the head attack on Stalino (Donetsk), and part of the forces - on Merefa, with the method of adhering to the Stepovoy Front in the isolation of Kharkiv. The rate added to the operation and the Pivdenniy Front (Colonel-General F. I. Tolbukhin), which took off the task of advancing from the area on the pіvden vіd Voroshilovgrad (Lugansk) at the heady direct on Stalino, ahead of the head blow of the Pivdenno-Zahidny Front. After the operation against the swell of Kharkiv, all the fronts that took their fate from them were less likely to launch an attack on the Left Bank of Ukraine, to the Dnieper.
Radyansky Viyska lead the fight on the outskirts of Kharkov On the 10th Serpnya of the Stepovoy Front, a fierce offensive was launched on Kharkiv, and on the coming day they advanced to the southern defensive bypass. At that time, the soldiers of the Voronezsky front called Okhtirka and cut the Kharkiv-Poltava railroad. There was a real threat of a deep siege by the Radianian troops of the entire Kharkiv grouping of the enemy. In order to prevent this, the command of the army group "Pivden" secretly caught sight of Bogodukhov's pivdennishe 3rd tank corps, which had up to 400 tanks and assault armats. The 11th sickle corps launched a rapid counterattack on the 1st Tank Army and the left flank of the 6th Guards Army. Near the area of Bogodukhov, a fierce tank battle broke out, which was of little pressure and engagement. The enemy, having attacked the 1st Panzer Army, rushed forward, against the main forces of the front and defeated Bogodukhov's pivdennishe. Vikoristovuyuchi his Mayzhe potriynu victory in tanks and strong aviation support, the enemy poked our tank z'ednannya for 20 km on pіvnіch and zvіlniv dіlyanku zalіznytі Kharkiv-Poltava, scho crossed them. Ale broke through to Bogodukhov, and then it was better to sharpen it and defeat the tank army, you didn’t get far. On the 13th sickle, the main forces of the left krill of the Voronezsky front entered the battle - the 5th and 6th guards armies, as well as the 5th guards tank army. The main forces of the front-line aviation were reassigned to the air support. After the baked battles, until the end of the day on the 17th sickle, a counterattack of the enemy in the area of Bogodukhov was beaten. Knowing the important losses, the better days of the German-fascist Wehrmacht - the motorized divisions of the SS "Reich", "Wiking" and "Dead Head", were afraid to go on the defensive.
German infantry waging street fights Ale, the command didn’t act as planned. Vranci 18 sickles with the forces of 4 tank, 2 motorized divisions and 2 battalions of important tanks will launch a new counterattack on the troops of the Voronezsky front in the Okhtirka region. The enemy, who was in the midst of great forces at the narrow distance, managed to break through the front of the 27th Army (Lieutenant General S. G. Trofimenko) and push through Bogodukhov’s straight line for 24 km. The 4th Guards Army (Lieutenant-General G. I. Kulik), 3rd, 4th and 5th Guards Tank Corps, as well as the 1st Tank Army’s 1st Tank Army, were deployed to represent the guardian’s grouping. With a straining sharp blow from the Radyansk warriors, the enemy was hit up to 20 sickles. As a result of the eastern battle, which unfolded at the exit of Okhtirka, the shock grouping of the enemy recognized great losses and it was daunting to go on the defensive. In the meantime, the armies of the right krill of the Voronezsky front: - they continued to successfully develop an offensive at the front straight, deeply snared the enemy’s grouping of the enemy and created a threat to their bodies. In fierce battles, when 22-25 sickles were flared up, the shock grouping of the Nazi troops near the Okhtirka region was defeated, the attack on the Voronezsky front was again slaughtered the whole place. In this manner, the attempt of the command of the army group "Pivden" to stabilize the front line and remove the threat to the Kharkiv industrial district has failed. At that hour, as the army of the Voronezsky Front, they fought the naughty onslaught of the German tank divisions under Bogodukhov and Okhtirka, the troops of the Stepovoy Front fought the battle for Kharkiv. The enemy was fiercely repairing the opir, violating Hitler's order at the same time not to give place. The intensity of the fight increased with the skin day. On the 13th of September, the Stepovoy Front broke through the outer defensive line, which was located 8-14 km from Kharkov, and after 4 days, having broken through the inner defensive line, they started fighting on the outskirts of the place. Lamayuchi zapekliy opіr opponent, vіdbivayuchi yogo uninterrupted counterattacks, radyanskі vіyskі successively broke through the outer and inner defense circles around the city that ohopili yogo from three sides.
At the wicked Kharkov At the other half of the day, on the 22nd of sickle ground, and the surveys revealed the cob of the passage of the fortune tellers from Kharkiv. “To not give the enemy the opportunity to take five strikes,” Marshal of the Radyansky Union I wrote in the course of time. S. Konev, - on the evening of the 22nd, I punished the night assault on Kharkov. All night on the 23rd sickle, street battles were going on near the city, the fire was burning, there were strong vibes. Wars 531, 69, 7th Guards, 57th 2nd Army and 5th Guards Tank Army, showing masculinity and courage, nicely crushed the strongholds of the enemy, seeping through the defenses, attacked the garrison of the tilu. Little by little, the Radian warriors cleared Kharkiv from the fascist garrison." On Svitanka 23, the fight for the place began to subside step by step, and until noon Kharkiv would be cleared of the enemy. The operation "Commander Rumyantsev" was completed in Kharkiv and the Kharkiv industrial district, and the battle of Kursk was completed in the city. The evening of 23 September 1943, the fate of the capital of our Batkivshchyna - Moscow, saluted the deputies of Kharkov - the largest political and economic center of the Pivdnya of our land with 20 artillery volleys out of 224 garmats. On the 10th day, which were the most prominent in the battles for the place, they were awarded the honorary title of "Kharkiv". The scope, the intensity of the struggle and the reach of the results to put the battle near Kursk at the bottom of the largest battles are not less than the Great Vytchiznya, but also the battle of the Other world war. With a stretch of 50 dіb on a relatively small territory, the 2 most intense groups of opposing forces fought. Over 4 million cases, over 69 ths. garmat and mortars, over 13 thousand. tanks and self-propelled (assault) garmats, up to 12 thousand. litakiv. On the side of the German-fascist Wehrmacht before the Battle of Kursk, over 100 divisions were fired, which made up over 43% of the divisions that were on the Skhidny Front. From the side of the Chervonoy Army in the battle, close to 30% of the divisions that were in the warehouse were killed.
Guard sergeant O.G. Frolchenko. Photo by Y. Ryumkin The victory in the Battle of Kursk cost us dearly. At the turn of the її radyanskі vіyska spent 863 thousand yew. osіb (for that number, over 254 thousand - irrevocably spent). Spend at the combat technical equipment: ponad 6 yew. tanks and self-propelled guns, over 5.2 thousand. garmat and mortars and 1.6 ths. litakiv. Immediately after the completion of the Battle of Kursk, it was possible to bring into service all 5 tank armies, 13 tank corps and 28 rifle divisions, as well as a large number of parts of various military families. The enemy at the battle near Kursk, having spent close to 500 yew. soldiers and officers, 1.5 thousand. tanks and assault garmats, 3 yew. garmat and mortars, ponad 3.7 yew. litakiv. The great losses of the Radianian troops are rich in what they explain, that, regardless of the court order of the war, the Radiansky command warehouse, the headquarters of that military force still did not have enough combativeness. Mostly, the combative dosvіd vikoristovuvavsya weakly, creatively not breaking, forward through the majesty of the special warehouse in all Vijskovian Lankas. Quite often, a very negative role was played by the exercise of a few commanders (commanders) before the frontal strikes on the enemy, try to hone it on a small depth, may be in the tactical defense zone, the most powerful of forces and defenses of the enemy. Thus, the German command allowed the German command to launch a wide maneuver of self-harm and assistance in the operational depths, occupy new defensive lines with them and conduct effective counterattacks (counterattacks). Signs and shortcomings were given in the organization of mutual relations, especially between the canopies of military and aviation and ground troops. Do not always be true to yourself and supra-worldly haste when you enter into the battle (battle) of the reserves. There is little space for the distribution of reserves, introduced into the battle (battle) by parts, and to bring a number of other negative moments in the middle of the organization and conduct of combat operations.
Guard Lieutenant Prote the enemy, having recognized the zhorstogo strike, that dokorinno pіdіrvav yogo fighting mіts. Particularly important battles were recognized by the yogo tank troops, equipped with new military equipment, which the Hitlerite strategists laid special hopes for. The German general G. Guderian was embarrassed by the bitterness of fame: “The armored troops, replenished with such a great practice, through great efforts in people and technical skills for a long time, went out of tune. Їx in due time for the conduct of defense activities on the Skhidny Front ... was supplied with food ... and there were no more calm days on the Skhidny Front. At the course of the Battle of Kursk, the Chervona Army did not only show the majestic force of the enemy’s blow, but, having switched to a counterattack, finally defeated it, smashing it in a straight line and a straight line for 140-150 km. As a result, a change of mind was created for the roaring of the incendiary advance of the Radianian troops, with the method of the liberation of the Left-Bank Ukraine and the exit to the Dnipro. During the first hour of the Battle of Kursk, the Radyansk troops defeated 30 German divisions, including 7 tank divisions. At the battle near Kursk, the offensive strategy of the Wehrmacht has finally recognized the collapse. From that hour and until the end of the war of Chervon, the Army was deliberately holding the strategic initiative in its hands. Defeat of the German-Fascist wars on the Kursk branch of the far-flung military-political legacy. Vin vplinuv on the whole distant walk not only the Great Vitchiznyanoy, but also the other light war. Nіmechchina and її allies buli zmushenі go to the defense at all theaters of the Other world war. After the victories gained under Kursk, the international authority of the Radyansky Union, as a victorious force in the fight against fascism, was immeasurably appreciated, the lands of Western Europe paid off by the Nazis on the swede, activated Ruh Support in the Nazi powers that were swamped by the Nazis, that anti-fascist struggle. The defeat of the Wehrmacht in the Battle of Kursk sparked a crisis in the middle of the Hitlerite coalition, started its disintegration. The victory of the Chervonoy Army took a high mark from the side of our allies for the anti-Hitler coalition. Zokrema, US President F. Roosevelt at his envoy I. Writing to V. Stalin: “Throughout the month of gigantic battles in your army, the forces of your master, your masculinity, your self-confidence and your arrogance not only sounded the German offensive, but and launched a successful counter-offensive, which may have far-reaching repercussions ... The Radian Union can rightly be written with their heroic victories." The victory at the Kursk River is of little inestimable significance for the further improvement of the moral and political unity of the Radian people, raising the fighting spirit of the Chervonoy Army. The straining impulse was taken away by the struggle of the Radian people, as if they were surviving on the timely paid off by the enemy territories of our country. An even greater range of partisan movement. The greatest significance at the reach of the victory of the Chervona Army in the battle on the Kursk River was played by those who were able to rightly point out the head blow of the summer (1943) adversary to the Radianian command. I do not only mean, but zoom in on the details of the ideas of the Hitlerite command, take into account the data on the plan of the operation "Citadel" and the warehouse of the grouping of the fortune-tellers of the troops and to start the hour on the cob of the operation. The radiant rose had a decisive role for him. At the Battle of Kursk, the Radyansk military art gained further development, moreover, all 3 warehouses: strategy, operational art and tactics. So, zokrema, it was taken away from the formation of great military groups in the defense, the building vitrimatization of the enemy’s tanks and air strikes, the formation of the tight, deep-shelled positional defense, took away the further development of the mysticism of the decisive massing of forces that catastrophe on the most important routes, as well as the magic of maneuvering like in go on a defensive battle, and at the offensive. The Radyansk command chose the moment to launch a counteroffensive, if the shock grouping of the enemy was already on the ground in the course of the defensive battle. With the transition of the radian troops in the counterattacks, the most important choice is the right choice of direct strikes and the most important ways to defeat the enemy, as well as the organization of mutual relations between the fronts and the armies under the hour of the execution of operational-strategic tasks.
The female crew of the tank The decisive role in achieving success was played by the presence of strong strategic reserves, their early preparations and their own introduction at the battlefield. One of the most important factors, which ensured the Chervoniya Army victory in the Kursk Duz, was the masculinity and heroism of the Radian warriors, their self-confidence in the fight against a strong and enlightened enemy, their unpretentious stance standing on the defensive and unstoppable onslaught on the offensive, ready to be tested . Dzherelom tsikh high moral-fighting qualities, it’s not the fear of reprisals, as they try to reveal the deacons of publicists and “historians”, but rather patriotism, hatred to the gate and love to Vtchizni. The very stench of the mass heroism of the Ryanyan warriors, their fidelity to the military command at the victorious military command, the unremarkable feats in battles and the selfless self-confidence in the right defense of one’s Motherhood - in a word, that, without which the win at war is impossible. The Batkivshchyna highly appreciated the feats of the Radyansk warriors at the battle on the Fire Duz. Over 100 thousand participants in the battle were awarded orders and medals, and over 180 of the most important warriors were awarded the title of Hero of the Radyansk Union. A turning point in the robotic body and the entire economy of our country, reached by the unapplied labor feat of the Radian people, allowing until the middle of 1943 the fate of the growing obligations to hit the Chervona Army with all the necessary material supplies, and defence, and combat technіkoy, zokrema new zrazkіv, as they did not sacrifice for tactical and technical characteristics of the best features of the German design and technology, but most of all, they reversed them. Among them, it is necessary to see the appearance of 85-, 122- and 152-mm self-propelled guns, new anti-tank garmats in the first line, which can be used to put down caliber and cumulative shells, which played a great role in the fight against enemy tanks, including important ones, new types of aircraft . d. All it took was one of the most important minds to increase the fighting power of the Chervonoy Army and її daedals more than the unskillfully growing superiority over the Wehrmacht. The Battle of Kursk itself became such a turning point, as it marked the completion of the fundamental turning point in the war to the disgrace of the Radyansk Union. Behind the figurative Vistula, at this battle, the ridge of the Nazi Niemechchina was broken. In view of the blows he suffered on the battlefields near Kursk, Orel, Bilgorod and Kharkiv, the Wehrmacht was no longer destined to speak out. The battle on the Kursk River became one of the most important stages on the path of the Radiant people and the yogo of the Armed Forces to the victory over the fascist Nimechchina. For its military and political significance, the won became the greatest success of the Great Vitchiznya, as well as of all other worldly wars. The Battle of Kursk is one of the most glorious dates in the Ukrainian history of our country, a memory of the life of the centuries.
At the exhibition of captured equipment near Moscow The battle of Kursk is one of the largest and most important battles of the Great Vitchiznya War that took place h 5
lime tree By 23
sickle 1943
fate. Causes of the Battle of KurskAfter the victory under Stalingrad, the German army first began to advance during the Great Vitchiznyan war, and the Radianian army began a decisive offensive, which could be only on the Kursk River, and the German command was wise. The Nazis organized a mitzna of a defensive line, and on my thought, there was little to see if there was an attack.Power of the partiesNіmechchinaAt the time of the battle of Kursk, the Wehrmacht had more 900 thousand osib. Crimea majestic quantity of human strength, Germans small chimalu quantity of tanks, middle boules and tanks of all new sights: more 300 tanks "Tiger" and "Panther", as well as an even tighter tank destroyer (anti-tank armor) "Ferdinand" or "Elephant" is close to the number 50 fighting singles. It should be noted that three elite tank divisions were present in the middle of the tank army, as they had not previously recognized the defeat - at the warehouse there were right tank asi. And on the support of the land army, a larger fleet was deployed to support the fleet 1000 combat aircraft new models. SRSR Head of battleIn the course of Operation Citadel, the German command launched a counter-attack on the pivnichny and pivden kryl of the Kursk Bulge, in order to sharpen that army of the Red Army. Ale, the German army did not dare to take action. The Radyansk command hit the Germans with a hard artillery strike in order to weaken the enemy’s attack.Before the start of the offensive operation, the Wehrmacht, head of the artillery strikes behind the positions of the Red Army. Then, on the Pivnichny front, the German tanks crossed the offensive, but the nevdovz shot down even a strong opir. Nimtz repeatedly changed directly to the blow, but did not achieve significant results. 10 lime tree- it’s too far to break through 12 km, having spent at tsioma close 2 thousand tanks. As a result got to go on the defensive. 5 lime an attack began on the Pivdenny front of the Kursk Bulge. Artillery preparation was straining on the back. Knowing bad luck, the German command failed to continue the offensive near the Prokhorivka area, where tank forces began to accumulate. Famous battle near Prokhorivka- The largest tank battle in history has begun 11 lime, ale broke up the battle at the battle falling on Episode 12. On a small distance to the front they stumbled 700 Germans and close 800- that radyansky tanks that znaryad. The tanks of both sides scrambled and for a stretch of the day the silent crews of the tanks flooded the combat vehicles and fought in hand-to-hand combat. Until the end 12 lime tree the tank battle went into decline. The Radyansk army did not go far enough to defeat the enemy’s tank forces, but only to push them through the distance. Trochs broke through the coal, the Germans zmushenі bullied, and the Radianskaya Army began to attack. Spend money at the battle under Prokhorivka were insignificant: 80 tanks, and the axis of the Radyansk Army spent close 70 % all tanks from whom directly. At the next few days, the Germans were more and more replenished and spent their attacking potential, even though the Radyansk reserves did not enter the battle yet and were ready to launch a more effective counterattack. Episode 15 Nіmtsі went to the defense. As a result, the offensive did not bring the expected successes, and the offending parties recognized serious losses. The number of driven in from the German side is estimated by the number y 70 yew. soldiers, a large number of equipment and that bullet. The Radianska army spent about 150 yew. soldiers, a large number of numbers from the numbers - irrevocably spend. The first offensive operations from the Radian side began 5 Sticking with this method, it was possible to relieve the enemy to maneuver with his reserves and transfer forces from other fronts to a given front. 17 lime tree from the side of the Radian army began Izyum-Barvinkiv operation. The Radyansk command set a goal to clear the Donbass grouping of Germans. The Radyansk army moved away to cross the Pivnichny Donets, grab a bridgehead to the right birch and the head of the head - to grab the German reserves of the dilyantsy front. In the course Mushka offensive operation of the Red Army (17 lime tree – 2 sickle) far away was the transfer of divisions from the Donbass to the Kursk Bulge, which significantly changed the defense potential of the arch itself. Episode 12 started attacked the Orlovsky straight. In a single day, the Radianian army drove the Germans out of Orel, and you were dazed to go over to the other defense line. In addition, as during the Oryol and Bilgorod operations, the Orel and Bilgorod were fired - the key places, and the nimts were vydkinut, they sang the Christmas salute. So 5 sickle near the capital, the first fireworks for the whole hour of fighting were organized near the Great Vitchiznyanіy Vіynі. Under the hour of the operation, the Germans spent more 90 yew. soldiers and a lot of equipment. At the first phase, the present day of the Radian army began 3 sickles and took away the name of the operation "Rumyantsiv". As a result of the offensive operation, the Radianian army moved away from low important strategically important places, including Kharkiv (23 sick days). The Germans tried to counterattack for an hour, but the counterattacks did not bring the desired success to the Wehrmacht. W 7 sickle By 2 zhutnya offensive operation was carried out "Kutuzov" - Smolensk offensive operation, at the hour when the left wings of the German armies of the Center group were defeated and the city of Smolensk was destroyed. And in the course Donbas operation (13 sickle – 22 spring) the Donets Basin was ablaze. W 26 sickle By 30 spring took place Chernigivsko-Poltava offensive operation. The war ended with a new success for the Chervonoy Army, the shards from the Germans were almost the whole of the Livoberezhna Ukraine. The legacy of the battleKursk operation became turning point of the Great Vitchiznyanoy war, since the Radyansk Army continued the offensive and sacked the Nazis in Ukraine, Belarus, Poland and other republics.Spend half an hour of the Battle of Kursk, the boules were simply colossal. Most historians agree on thoughts that are on the Kursk Duz over a million soldiers died. Radiansky historians seem to have put together the German army more 400 yew. soldier, nіmtsі talk about the figure less than nіzh y 200 yew. Krym tsgogo, a great amount of equipment was spent, aviation and znaryad. After the failure of the Citadel operation, the German command lost the ability to carry out attacks and went over to the defensive. At 1944 і 45 the fates of the boules came locally, but they did not bring success. The German command repeatedly said that a blow to the Kursk River - a blow to the Skhidny Front and it would be impossible to turn the front.
Kursk Bulge briefly about the battle
Why did the battle under Kursk begin
Tactics of warfare on the Kursk Duz 
The advance of the German army  Onslaught of the Red Army  Zagalni pіdbags  Exploration as an important part of the Battle of Kursk  About the battle of Kursk is even shorter Mustache battles, which began at the beginning of the battle of Kursk, were small from 5 limes to 23 sick days, 1943. The German command sprung up at the hour of the battle to destroy all the Radianska troops that would establish the Central and Voronezsky fronts. At that time, the stinks were actively defending Kursk. Yakby the Germans were far away from reaching success in this battle, the initiative in the war turned to the Germans. To implement their plans, the German command saw over 900 thousand. soldiers, 10 thousand. znaryad of different caliber, and 2.7 yew. tanks and 2050 aircraft. New tanks of the "Tiger" class and "Panther" took part in this battle, as well as new "Focke-Wulf 190 A" and "Heinkel 129" assault aircraft. The command of the Radyansky Union was able to bleed the enemy before the hour arrived, and that would be to conduct a large-scale counterattack. In this rank, the Germans robbed themselves of what the Radian army was counting on. The scope of the battle was truly grandiose, the Germans sent practically the entire army and all available tanks to attack. The protégarian soldiers stood to death, and the defensive lines were built. On the Central Front, the enemy slipped 10-12 kilometers, on Voronezsky, the enemy’s passage became 35 kilometers, the Germans could not pass through. The end of the battle on the Kursk River marked the battle of tanks near the village of Prokhorivka, which happened on the 12th day of the fall. It was the largest battle of tank troops in the history, at the battle it was thrown over 1.2 thousand. tanks and self-propelled artillery mounts. On the first day the German troops spent over 400 tanks, and the garbniks were thrown out. After many radian wars went into an active offensive, and on the 23rd sickle the battle on the Kursk duz was ended with the links of Kharkiv, and because of the further advance, the defeat of Nimechchini became inevitable.
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Sort out the thoughts of the German command so that, where the Wehrmacht was advancing in the summer of 1943, it did not become a great practice. The Kursk ledge, which reaches a lot of kilometers from the depths of the territory controlled by the Nazis, is a calm and obvious target. Already on April 12, 1943, at the party near the Headquarters of the Supreme Head Command of the SRSR, it was decided to move to the naval, planned and hard defense near the Kursk region. Viysk RSCA small stremat the onslaught of the Hitlerite troops, defy the enemy, and then go on a counterattack and defeat the enemy. After that, there was a roaring attack at the forward and pivdenno-western straight lines.
The defense on the Kursk River was solid. Usyy Bulo created 8 defensive lines with a total depth of about 300 km. Great respect was attached to the approach to the line of defense: for various tributes, the depth of small fields became up to 1500-1700 anti-tank and anti-tank mines per kilometer of the front. The anti-tank artillery was not divided evenly along the front, but was selected in the so-called “anti-tank areas” - localization of the accumulation of anti-tank armats, as if they crossed the spears directly and often crossed the sectors of shelling one another. In this way, the maximum concentration of fire was reached and the shelling of one part of the enemy was safe, which was coming, right from the dekilkoh sides.
Pivnіchny front of the Kursk Bulge, priming the Central Front of General of the Army K. Rokossovsky. Knowing the hour of the beginning of the German offensive, about 2:30 at night, the commander of the front ordered to carry out the first artillery counter-preparation. At about 4:30 the artillery strike was repeated. Effektivnіst tsgogo call Bula dosuyu super-cheerful. For the additional opinions of the Radyansk artillerymen, the Germans recognized the essence of shkodi. However, calling on everything, all the same, it did not prove effective. Precisely, it is about the small expenditure of that technology in manpower, as well as about the destruction of the enemy's wire line. In addition, now the Germans knew for sure that there would be no rapt attack - the Red Army was ready to defend.
Nearly 170 German tanks and self-propelled guns, including 40 Tigers of the 505th important tank battalion, attacked the 6th Ponir limestone. Nimtsyam far away to break through the first line of defense and push through to the other. Three attacks that came before the end of the day were beaten by another line. The next day, after the nauseous attacks, the German troops were even closer to the station. Until the 15th of the 7th lime, the enemy zahopiv radgosp "1 Grass" and vpritul pіdіyshov to the station. Day 7 lime 1943 becoming a crisis for the defense of Poniriv, wanting to take the station of the Nazis still could not.
At the smuse of the Voronezsky Front (commander - General of the Army Vatutin) the fighting divisions started 4 limes a day from hitting the German parts behind the positions of the combat defense of the front and continued until late at night.
Battle of Prokhorivka, which is considered one of the largest tank battles in history, broke out on the 11th day of 1943. On the side of the Germans, the 2nd SS Panzer Corps and the 3rd Panzer Corps of the Wehrmacht took the fate of the 2nd SS Panzer Corps - a total of about 450 tanks and self-propelled guns. The 5th Guards Tank Army of Lieutenant General P. Rotmistrov and the 5th Guards Army of Lieutenant General A. Zhadov fought against them. There were about 800 Radyansk tanks at the Battle of Prokhorovka.
On April 12, 1943, on the pivnіchny front of the Kursk Bulge, the operation “Kutuzov” began, as well as the offensive operation, like the Orlovsky front. On 15 linden, soldiers of the Central Front came to her.
On April 12, about 5:10 am, the Radyansky Viysky wounded artillery preparations and led an air strike on the enemy. For pivgodini, an assault began. Until the evening of the first day of the Chervona army, waging important battles, slipped into the distance from 7.5 to 15 kilometers, breaking through the main defense line of the German zadnyan at three places. The offensive battles lasted until 14 lime. In a matter of hours, the pushing of the Radyansk troopers took up to 25 kilometers. However, until 14 linden, the Germans were far from regrouping the viysk, after which the RSCHA came for a deaky hour, it was stunned. The advance of the Central Front, which began on the 15th lime, developed properly from the cob.
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