Sturgeon fish. Weed fish Fish in Siberia name

Site sections

Editor's Choice:

Advertising

the main - Healing herbs

	Sturgeon fish
	Amur sturgeon
	Russian sturgeon
	Lensky sturgeon

Description. Sturgeon is a valuable freshwater fish, there are about 20 species. The body of the sturgeon is elongated like a spindle, the skeleton consists of cartilage, there are no bones. The head is elongated, pointed near the mouth, there are no teeth, the lower lip is interrupted. On the lower jaw of the sturgeon, the main organ of the fish's sense of touch grows - 4 whiskers, which help to find food. The fins on the back and at the anus grow close to the tail. Skin without scales, it is replaced by 5 parallel strips of bone plates ("bugs"), going from the head to the tail (1 on the back, 2 on the stomach, 2 on the sides). The color of the fish is very different, but usually the back is gray-black, the sides are gray-brown, and the belly is white.

Sturgeon in the natural environment is now found less and less and the fault is not predatory fish, dangerous for sturgeon only at a young age, but a person, more precisely poachers, exterminating fish for the sake of caviar. Therefore, the sturgeon listed in the Red Book and its catch is allowed only in some rivers of Russia (with great restrictions) and in the territories of paid cultural fisheries.

There are 3 types of sturgeon in Russian reservoirs: Russian, Amur and Siberian. Amur sturgeons are the smallest, growing up to 8-9 kg with a length of up to 1.5 meters. Russian sturgeon is gaining weight faster, an adult is gaining 20-30 kg of weight. Siberian sturgeons can live for more than 50 years, reaching during this time a weight of 50 kg and a length of 1.5-2 meters, although there have been cases of catching specimens weighing 250 kg and a length of 3.5 meters. The Lena sturgeon (one of the Siberian species) is usually bred in KRH, as the most unpretentious and resistant to diseases. On good nutrition, it grows rapidly and at 4-5 years old reaches a length of up to 70 cm and a weight of up to 2 kg, like an 11-year-old individual in the Lena River.

Lifestyle. The sturgeon is a bottom fish; it lives at depths from 2 to 100 meters. Sturgeons are semi-anadromous, anadromous and freshwater. Anadromous sturgeons usually overwinter in the sea, in the freshwater part of it, and in April-May they go to spawn in small schools in small schools, keeping at the same time at a strong current and depth. After spawning, anadromous fish return to the sea, while semi-anadromous fish remain in rivers. The movement of the sturgeon often coincides with the direction of the wind. Freshwater sturgeons do not migrate, they live in rivers and lakes. The Lena sturgeon is freshwater.

Food. The food of each type of sturgeon is different. There is, for example, paddlefish sturgeon, which feeds only on plankton, passing it through itself along with water. Siberian sturgeon is not particularly whimsical, eats all year round, its main food: larvae of chironomids, caddis flies, mayflies, stoneflies, molluscs, gammarids, amphipods (mormysh), worms and others. Individuals older than 3 years switch to predatory food (herring fry, sprat, etc.). Lena sturgeon in the farm is usually raised on special sturgeon feed.

Spreading. Russian sturgeon is found in the basins of the Caspian, Black and Azov seas, keeping in the mouths of rivers. There is a freshwater species of Russian sturgeon living in the Volga River basin. Amursky lives only in the fresh waters of the Amur basin. Siberian sturgeon, respectively, is found in the rivers of Siberia from the Ob river basin to the Kolyma, feeding in the Ob, Taz and Yenisei bays.

In the Urals, sturgeon is found mainly in paid stocked reservoirs. In the Perm Territory, it comes across in the Kama River, getting into it from fish farms (Nytva, Dobryanka and others). In the Chelyabinsk region, it is found and actively bites on paid reservoirs: "", (near Lake Uvildy), in addition, in the past years, sturgeon was launched in and. In the Sverdlovsk region, sturgeon can be caught in, sometimes it comes across on rivers, and, but its catch is prohibited here.

Sturgeon fishing. Sturgeon, especially Lena, feeds all year round, but catching it from under the ice is not very popular. Biting starts after 4 pm and ends at 10 am. The sturgeon keeps in pits or at the sandy bottom, looking for food. If within 30 minutes from the moment of casting the sturgeon does not bite, then you should change the bait or the place of fishing. In open water, it is preferable to fish sturgeon on a solid rod 4-6 meters long with strong rings made of aluminum or ceramics and a reel with a large supply of fishing line for long casting at 30-40 meters. The line should be chosen strong 30-40 lb, better braided, the breaking load of which is more than 10 kg. Hook size 7-8. The sinker should be such that it holds in place during the current. Leader made of fishing line of a smaller section, 50 to 90 cm long with 1 or 2 swivels. In winter, sturgeon is caught with a strong winter fishing rod equipped with a nod or float. Sturgeon attachment: various mollusks, fry, worms, crustaceans, pieces of fish, a bunch of worms is good in winter. The bait should be tied to the hook with threads so that it does not fly off when casting. The sturgeon is attracted mainly by the smell of the bait.

Sturgeon is a strong fish, its bite is usually quick and sharp, but playing can be unpredictable. The sturgeon can jump out of the water, showing a "candle" or quickly swim to the fisherman, or it can go to the bottom and stop, creating the appearance of a hook. In any case, an adrenaline rush for the fisherman is guaranteed. Patience is important when playing. It is impossible to weaken the line too much, weak jerks of fish need to be extinguished with a rod, strong ones - with a correctly adjusted friction brake of the reel.

Reading time: 1 minute

For many representatives of the strong half of humanity, fishing is a hobby, but not a means of profit. Although, more recently, some 100 years ago, fishing for many did not represent any value, as an occupation exclusively for pastime. For many, fishing was a means of survival.

Nowadays, most anglers come to a certain, interesting place to catch a rare but valuable specimen that can leave a memory for a lifetime. Siberia and the Far East are also visited by many lovers of fishing and catching tasty and valuable fish, especially since there are many species of fish and in sufficient quantities. In addition, the places attract fishermen by the fact that fishing here is mostly free.

Here, some areas differ in that it is really possible to get here only in winter. Unfortunately, there is nothing to do here alone, since the places are characterized by harsh conditions, and you need to know the places. Therefore, it is better to buy some kind of voucher and go fishing with the whole team together with a guide.

Winter fishing competitions are regularly held on Lake Baikal. There are plenty of similar, interesting places in Siberia and the Far East, you just need to choose a suitable place.

Many fishermen dream of fishing on Lake Baikal, because grayling and omul, as well as pike, ide, catfish, perch and other fish, both predatory and peaceful, are found here. In addition, there are very picturesque and interesting places with wild nature.

Exact fish habitats in Siberia and the Far East

The reservoirs of Western Siberia are considered one of the richest in terms of the number of fish living in them. The Ob River is also considered one of the richest in fish resources. Its tributaries can also be ranked among it. In such rivers as the Yenisei, Tom, Amur, Yaya, Lena, Kia, Mris Su, Ters, Uryuk and others, there are a huge number of different types of fish.

The reservoirs of the Far East provide the largest amount of various fish, which corresponds to more than 60% of all fish caught in Russia. The seas of the Far East replenish the industrial catch with cod and salmon, which are highly valued for their delicious meat. As a rule, they are caught in the Okhotsk, Japanese and Bering Seas, which belong to the Pacific Ocean.

The following fish species are caught in the Far East:

40% herring.
100% crabs.
99% salmon.
90% flounder.
60% shellfish.

In other words, at least 80% of all fish is caught here, which is caught on an industrial scale throughout Russia. In addition to fish, algae are fished here, which makes up almost 90% of the mark, in general, in Russia.

In the waters of the reserve, 1 species of lamprey (Cyclostome class) and 33 species of fish belonging to 11 families live permanently or enter for spawning: lampreys - 1 species (river lamprey); salmon - 2 types (lenok, taimen); whitefish - 8 species (nelma, omul, vendace, muksun, river whitefish, peled, wild boar, tugun); grayling - 1 species (Siberian grayling); pike - 1 species (common pike); carp - 11 species (gold and silver carp, roach, dace, common and lake minnows, gudgeon, ide, bream, tench); loach - 2 species (spined loach, char); cod - 1 species (burbot); sticklebacks - 1 species (nine-spined stickleback); stonefoot - 3 species (Siberian and variegated stonefoot, stone broadfoot).

In the sandy deposits of the left bank of the Yenisei, there live sandworms - the larvae of the Siberian lamprey, the only Yenisei representative of the cyclostome class. Their development lasts 4 years; adults spawn in spring in tributaries on shallow gravel; after spawning, they die.

Sturgeon, nelma, muksun, vendace are semi-anadromous fish, other species are resident, although some of them are capable of significant migrations within the water bodies of the Yenisei adventitious system. By the type of spawning substrate, most species are lithopsammophiles and lithophiles, which is associated with the abundance of pebble and sandy-pebble soils in the basin of the middle Yenisei. Spawning periods are different, but the most numerous is the group of spring-spawning fish. Due to the low production of zooplankton in the Yenisei and especially in its tributaries, benthos plays the main role in the nutrition of peaceful and partly predatory fish species.

Both sturgeon species are widespread in the Yenisei - Siberian sturgeon and sterlet. Until recently, despite intensive fishing, they maintained a high number, but now they literally die as a result of extremely intensive and predatory poaching outside the reserve. For sterlet, the Yenisei basin is the eastern edge of the range. To the south of the reserve, there are the most important sterlet spawning grounds - the channels of the Vorogovsky multi-island. Spawning occurs at the end of May - June. Males reach sexual maturity in the sixth or seventh year of life, females - in the seventh or ninth year. After intensive summer-autumn feeding, the sterlet hibernates in pits located in the middle reaches of the Yenisei.

Siberian sturgeon forms two morphologically similar ecological forms on the Yenisei: residential and semi-anadromous. Residential sturgeon constantly lives in the middle reaches of the river, its feeding and growing areas are located mainly on the left bank, and the juveniles stay in shallow water, in chickens and channels, while older individuals prefer deeper areas. Semi-anadromous sturgeons feed in the Yenisei Bay and the inner delta of the Yenisei, rise upstream for spawning and hibernate with the dwelling sturgeons in the middle reaches. Spawning in both forms occurs in June-July, mainly in the area of the Vorogovsky Mnogostrovye. Sturgeons ripen late: males singly by the age of 17, females by 19, usually 2-3 years later. The sturgeon, like the sterlet, is a typical benthophage, however, the sterlet feeds mainly on sandy-pebble and pebble-stony soils of the central part of the river channel, and the sturgeon - on the sands of the left bank, which removes them from competitive relations.

The highest abundance and species diversity of fish is characteristic of the coastal areas of the Yenisei, chickens and channels - places with a developed fauna of benthic invertebrates. Carp always keep here: soroga or Siberian roach, ide, dace, gudgeon; bream is rarely found - a species acclimatized in the 1960s. in the Krasnoyarsk reservoir and over the past 30 years has spread throughout the Yenisei. There are also numerous perch, ruff, burbot, pike. For cyprinids, a mixed diet is characteristic: in the intestines they have macrophytes, diatoms, zoobenthos; during the period of mass summer, insects are often present as well. In juveniles of perch, burbot and ruff, benthic invertebrates play the main role in feeding. In the diet of adult perch and burbot, fish are of primary importance. For spawning, many species living in the coastal part of the Yenisei use the floodplain flooded in late May - early June. Flooded dead plants serve as a substrate for spawning.

In autumn in the coastal area forms spawning accumulations of tugun - a small short-cycle whitefish, forming local herds on the Yenisei, confined to the tributaries. This species matures early: males most often in the third, females - in the third or fourth year of life. In late August - early September, tugun leaves the tributaries in the Yenisei and spawns in late September - October on sandy-pebble soils.

In the second half of September - October, semi-anadromous whitefish, such as nelma, vendace, omul, appear on the Yenisei site of the reserve, and sometimes muksun occurs; the concentrated mowing course of the muksun is observed only in the lower reaches of the river.

Nelma, like sturgeon, forms two ecological forms: residential and semi-anadromous. The feeding areas of the anadromous nelma are the delta and slightly saline areas of the Yenisei Gulf. Residential nelma feed in the river, apparently forming a series of local herds. The spawning grounds of both forms are the same. Mass ripening occurs in the tenth or eleventh year of life, sometimes 2-3 years earlier. The main spawning grounds for nelma are the canals of the Vorogovskoye multi-island. The sex ratio is shifted in favor of males, which is probably explained by the fact that males skip one spawning season between repeated spawning, and females - at least two seasons.

Vendace rises along the Yenisei to the mouth of the Podkamennaya Tunguska, spawns in October on sandy and pebble soils. Later on other species of whitefishes, omul appears on the Yenisei section of the reserve. The omul's course is rarefied here. The high proportion of omul of older age groups in the lower reaches of the Yenisei and its inverse ratio in the Ob suggest that the feeding-growing areas of the omul spawning on the middle Yenisei are located in the Ob Bay and the Gydan Bay, i.e., there is a single Ob-Yenisei herd of omul.

The tributaries of the Yenisei are also rich in fish. It is inhabited by grayling, lenok, taimen, which are more abundant in the right-bank tributaries, and river whitefish. Ide, perch, and pike are common on stretches with aquatic vegetation. The common minnow, char, chippedfish, and all 3 species of sculpin are found almost everywhere in the tributaries. There is also a burbot growing here much more slowly than in the Yenisei. Grayling, lenok and taimen are used for spawning and feeding on the tributaries of the Yenisei up to the IV-V orders, inclusive. In the Yenisei itself, they are not numerous and keep mainly in winter, while a significant part of the fish winter in the tributaries. In the spring, immediately after the ice drift, and possibly even under the ice, the spawners ascend to the upper reaches of the tributaries, where in late May - early June they spawn on pebbles. Downstream after spawning is gradual. The diet of juvenile taimen is quite diverse and includes juvenile fish, various benthic organisms. An adult taimen is an obligate predator; in addition to fish, its stomachs often contain small rodents, chicks of waterfowl, and occasionally even a muskrat. In lenok and especially in grayling, seasonal changes in nutrition are strongly pronounced, including benthic invertebrates, adult flying insects, eggs and juvenile fish.

River whitefish spawns in tributaries in autumn, at the end of September - October, and stays there for the winter. In the spring, producers flock to the Yenisei; some of the fish remain in the tributaries and are distributed over the calm sections of the rivers. Benthic invertebrates, mainly mollusks, are of major importance in the diet of whitefish.

In the upper course of the river. With an abundance of pike in Birobchan, grayling, lenok and taimen are practically absent - this is probably due to the chemical composition of the water and the lack of oxygen: one of the main sources of the river in the upper reaches is the runoff of numerous raised bogs. The listed species in large numbers inhabit only the middle and lower reaches of the river, which here acquires a mountainous character, a strong slope of the channel, a high flow rate with an abundance of rifts, rapids and rifts.

Numerous floodplain lakes of the reserve are inhabited by gold and silver carp, lake minnow, nine-spined stickleback. Perch, pike, roach and ide are found in both floodplain and continental lakes. Tench is very rarely found in the lakes of the left bank of the Yenisei. In spring and autumn, during floods, a temporary connection between some floodplain water bodies and the Yenisei is formed, which opens up access for many species of fish to places rich in food. Some of them remain here during the period of isolation from the Yenisei.

The middle course of the Yenisei River in the area of the reserve is of great importance as an area of the main spawning grounds for sturgeon and whitefishes and a place of concentration of wintering pits for sturgeon and sterlet.

	Name and picture	Description	Status
Lamprey family PETROMYZONTIDAE Bonaparte, 1832
	Lethenteron japonicum (Martens, 1868) - Japanese (Pacific) lamprey	ABORIGEN
		For a long time it was believed that only the small Siberian lamprey lives in the Yenisei basin (Berg, 1948, etc.). However, when analyzing materials from various parts of the lower reaches of the Yenisei and Yenisei Gulf (1948, collection and processing by V.A.Kravchuk) Podlesnyi (1958, p. 106) came to the conclusion that both lampreys - Siberian and Pacific, inhabit the gulf. although the latter was not included in the list of the fish fauna of the basin. The evidence of the presence of Lethenteron japonicum in the Yenisei is the large size (up to 32.2 cm and 40 g and more) of individuals caught in estuaries, as well as their morphobiological features (structure of the mouth, shape and number of teeth, location of fins). (Kuklin, 1999). Adult anadromous lampreys reach a length of 62 cm and a weight of 240 g, and inhabited ones - up to 18-35 cm. Life expectancy is 7 years.
	Lethenteron kessleri (Anikin, 1905) - Siberian lamprey	ABORIGEN
		Siberian lamprey is found along the Yenisei from the headwaters to the delta, inclusive. Inhabits the Chulym and some tributaries of the Yenisei (Kan, Angara, etc.). Sandworms live in rivers for up to 5-7 years, reaching 15-20 cm in length. Adult lampreys are 16-26 cm long and weigh 7-11 g. The total lifespan is probably no more than 7 years.
Family Sturgeon ACIPENSERIDAE Bonaparte, 1832
	Acipenser baerii Brandt, 1869 - Siberian sturgeon (East Siberian)	ABORIGEN	KKKK 3rd cat.
		The sturgeon in the Yenisei is a freshwater fish. It is presented in two forms - a few inhabited and semi-through. It is almost impossible to distinguish these forms in appearance. Inhabited sturgeon in the Yenisei is widespread as far as Sayanogorsk, the northern border of its range has not been established. In small quantities, it is found in tributaries (Angara, Podkamennaya and Nizhnyaya Tunguska) and Lake. Khantaysky, in which it forms small local herds. The entire life cycle of a resident sturgeon takes place in rivers. The habitat of semi-anadromous sturgeon includes the Middle and Lower Yenisei, delta, bay and southern part of the bay. It does not rise above the Angara. In the Ob basin and in Baikal, in the past, it reached a length of 2 m and a mass of 200-210 kg, usually no more than 65 kg. In the rivers of Eastern Siberia, it is much smaller - usually no more than 16-20 kg. The maximum known age of the Siberian sturgeon is 60 years.
	Acipenser ruthenus Linnaeus, 1758 - sterlet	ABORIGEN	KKKK 3rd cat.
		Before the regulation of the Yenisei runoff, it was found almost everywhere - from the headwaters to the delta and the mouth with a throat, inclusive, and in numerous tributaries. Currently, the area of sterlet has decreased significantly. It retained its significance only in the section of the river below the mouth of the Angara. It is known in large tributaries of the Yenisei (Sym, Angara), Krasnoyarsky and Sayano-Shushensky reservoirs, in which it forms local herds. The smallest representative of the genus. The maximum dimensions are 1.25 m and a mass of 16 kg, but usually no more than 1 m and a mass of up to 6-6.5 kg. The maximum lifespan is 26-27 years. The age composition of the catches ranges from 4 to 10-11 years.
Family Salmonids SALMONIDAE Rafinesque, 1815
	Brachymystax lenok (Pallas, 1773) - lenok	ABORIGEN	KKKK 3rd cat.
		Lenok is a typical inhabitant of foothill areas of rivers and mountainous cold-water lakes, widespread throughout the Yenisei basin, from its headwaters to the river. Hantaiki and never goes into salt water. It is also common in large, mainly right-bank tributaries of the Yenisei - Tuba, Sisima, Mane, Kana, Angara, Podkamennaya and Nizhnyaya Tunguska, etc. It reaches a maximum length of 67 cm and a weight of 8 kg, the maximum age is 14 years.
	Hucho taimen (Pallas, 1773) - common taimen	ABORIGEN
		Taimen in the Yenisei is found throughout the river - from the headwaters to the mouth. Exceptionally freshwater fish. It is common in right-bank tributaries, characterized by a fast current, the presence of rapids and cold water (Usse, Tuba, Sisim, Mana, Kan, Angara, Podkamennaya and Nizhnyaya Tunguska, Kurenka). It also lives in cold-water flowing lakes of the region. Length up to 1 m or more, weight 30-60 kg or more (in the Yenisei up to 80 kg). Life expectancy up to 60 years.
	Oncorhynchus gorbuscha (Walbaum, 1792) - pink salmon	ACCLIMATIZANT
		Pink salmon was introduced to the Barents Sea region in the late 1950s. Already in 1960, hundreds of thousands of pink salmon went to spawn in the rivers of the Kola Peninsula. Some fish were caught off the coast of England and Norway. Since the beginning of the 70s, it has been constantly observed in the lower reaches of the Yenisei. There have been cases of catching pink salmon underyearlings and fry in the lower reaches of the Yenisei, which indicates its spawning in the river. Usually pink salmon live 1.5 years, but there are cases of return to the rivers of specimens aged 2+. Maximum dimensions 76 cm, weight 5.5 kg.
	Parasalmo mykiss irideus (Walbaum, 1792) - rainbow trout	ACCLIMATIZANT
		In the region it is grown in cage farms at the Krasnoyarsk, Sayano-Shushenskaya and Mainskaya hydroelectric power stations, in a number of lakes and in fish-water workshops of industrial enterprises. In the process of rearing, the reared juveniles escaped into the Yenisei and its tributaries. As a result, trout spread widely across the Upper Yenisei. It is known in tributaries (Kan, Abakan, Amyl, Oya, Kebezh), in some parts of the Krasnoyarsk reservoir (Syda Bay). Along the Yenisei River from Krasnoyarsk, it occurs at a distance of up to 250-300 km downstream. In natural reservoirs of the edge, trout reaches 40-50 cm in length and 0.8-1.6 kg of weight. There are no documented facts of natural spawning!
	Salvelinus alpinus (Linnaeus, 1758) - arctic char	ABORIGEN
		In the Yenisei basin, it occurs only in the estuarine zone. In fresh water, the char consumes any available food, including various groups of benthos and plankton, as well as juveniles and small species of freshwater fish (gobies, cyprinids, sticklebacks, perch, etc.). In the sea, char feeds on fish (capelin, Arctic cod, gerbil, gobies) and large forms of zooplankton. The most intensive growth of anadromous char occurs during the feeding period at sea. The through form reaches a length of 110 cm and a mass of 15 kg. Apparently, the maximum age of anadromous char is 32 years.
	Salvelinus drjagini Logaschev, 1940 - Dryagin's char	ABORIGEN
		Dryagin's char is a resident fish, was first discovered in the lake. Makovskoe, then in the lakes Sovetskoe and Nalimye, belonging to the left-bank tributary of the Lower Yenisei - Turukhan. Somewhat later, the char was recorded in the lake. Khantayskom and some others. It inhabits mainly mountain-type lakes, but it is also known in tundra rivers and lakes with a sandy bottom. Dryagin's char belongs to large fish. It can reach a length of 90 cm and a weight of 8 kg. It differs from chars from the lakes of the Arctic coast of Eurasia in an exceptionally high (up to 30% of body length) body, high and short caudal peduncle, truncated or weak caudal fin. Endemic to water bodies of Central Siberia (Taimyr).
Whitefish family COREGONIDAE Soret, 1872
	Coregonus autumnalis autumnalis (Pallas, 1776) - Arctic omul	ABORIGEN
		Brackish semi-anadromous fish. The main habitat is the Yenisei Bay, and in the Yenisei it appears only during the breeding season, going up the river to the mouth of the Angara. It is known in small tundra rivers flowing into the Yenisei Gulf. Lives up to 16-20 years (Lena), but more often individuals 10-11 years old prevail in catches. Usually, mature fish are 26-40 cm long and weigh about 1 kg, there are individuals up to 64 cm long and weighing up to 2-3 kg.
	Coregonus autumnalis migratorius (Georgi, 1775) - Baikal omul	ACCLIMATIZANT
		Omul Baikal was successfully acclimatized in the Bratsk and Krasnoyarsk reservoirs. From these reservoirs it entered the Yenisei and is now found throughout the river. It differs from the arctic with a narrow forehead and large eyes. Baikal omul in the reservoir reaches a length of 44 cm and a mass of 1.5 kg. Its usual dimensions are 36-38 cm, weight 0.6-0.8 kg. The maximum age of the Baikal omul in the Krasnoyarsk reservoir does not exceed 12 years.
	Coregonus lavaretus pidschian (Gmelin, 1788) whitefish-pyzhyan	ABORIGEN
		Distributed throughout the Yenisei from the headwaters to the bay inclusive. Within the area of distribution, the existence of semi-anadromous and river pyzh'yan is noted. The main habitat of the semi-anadromous whitefish is the Yenisei delta. For reproduction, he climbs the Yenisei to the river. Lower Tunguska. Known in the rivers Tanama, Turukhan Kurenka, Lower Tunguska. The river whitefish lives in the Yenisei from the headwaters to the Kureika inclusively. Inhabits all right-bank tributaries (Mana, Kan, Angara, Podkamennaya and Nizhnaya Tunguska, Kureyka), in some forms local forms. In the area from Nizhnaya Tunguska to Kureika, the areas of semi-anadromous and river whitefish coincide. The maximum dimensions of a semi-bored whitefish are 46 cm in length and 1.5 kg in weight; usually it is much smaller - up to 34 cm long and weighing up to 650 g. River whitefish is much larger. Some specimens reach a length of 60–70 cm and a weight of 2.0–2.5 kg. There have been cases of catching whitefish weighing up to 7 kg. The life span of a pyzh'yan in the reservoirs of the Yenisei basin does not exceed 18 years.
	Coregonus muksun (Pallas, 1814) - muksun	ABORIGEN
		Muksun in the Yenisei basin is a semi-anadromous fish. The northern border of its range runs approximately at the latitude of the river. Pine on the western shore of the Yenisei Gulf, and in the south - at the latitude of Vorogovo. It is known in the rivers Tanams, Yar, Hantayk. In 1971, for the first time, the entry of a sexually mature muksun into the river was noted. Turukhan. The length of a muksun rarely exceeds 60 cm, and its weight is 3 kg. The largest muksun lives in the reservoirs of the Gydan Bay basin - up to 1.2 m long and weighing 9.8-13.4 kg. In the Yenisei, the maximum mass of muksun for a 100-year observation period did not exceed 8 kg. However, such large specimens have not been found for a long time. Its length usually does not exceed 40-47 cm and its weight is no more than 2.3 kg. Life expectancy is 23 years.
	Coregonus nasus (Pallas, 1776) - cirrus	ABORIGEN
		Chir is one of the most common fish species in the Yenisei system. It inhabits mainly beyond the Arctic Circle, in the rivers and lakes of the Igarsky, Dudinsky and Ust-Yeniseisky districts. Occurs only once before Angara. It is common in the right and left tributaries of the northern river. Eloguy. It is known in the floodplain and tundra lakes of the lower reaches of the Yenisei. In some tributaries and lakes it forms local herds (the Podkamennaya Tunguska river, lakes Makovskoe, Sovetskoe, Nalimye, Biruchi). Recorded in the mouths of small rivers flowing into the inundation, with a water salinity of 5-8% o. The limiting age is 13-16 years. Usually these are large fish, reaching a length of 36-60 cm and a mass of 5-6 kg, the maximum size is up to 75 cm and a weight of 10-12 kg.
	Coregonus peled (Gmelin, 1789) - peled	ABORIGEN
		Peled is an inhabitant of rivers and lakes. In the Yenisei, it occurs from the mouth to the confluence of the river. Sym (1632 km from the mouth). Inhabits rivers, floodplain and continental lakes of the Middle and Lower Yenisei basin. Along with the Baikal omul, it was successfully acclimatized in the Krasnoyarsk reservoir. Introduced in the lakes of the south of the region (Bolshoy, Beloe, etc.). Peled is grown in pond farms. The age limit for peled is 13 years, but fish over 10 years old are rare in most populations. Peled reaches a length of 40-58 cm and a weight of 2690 g, sometimes individuals up to 5-6 kg were observed. A dwarf peled has a length of no more than 30 cm and a mass of 300-400 g.
	Coregonus sardinella Valenciennes, 1848 - Siberian vendace	ABORIGEN
		Vendace is distributed from the northern border of the Yenisei Gulf to the mouth of the Podkamennaya Tunguska. It is known in many rivers of the Yenisei basin and its delta. In some it lives constantly, forming local herds, in others it enters with a spring watercourse and leaves them with a decline in water. The age limit is up to 13 years. The average size of the Siberian vendace is 25 cm and weight is 160 g, although migratory forms reach 42-49 cm in length and weight 800-1300 g.
	Coregonus tugun (Pallas, 1814) - tugun	ABORIGEN
		Tugun is distributed throughout the Yenisei, from the village. Shushenskoye to the mouth. It inhabits many large tributaries of the Middle and Lower Yenisei (Kan, Angara, Bolshoy Pit, Podkamennaya and Nizhnyaya Tunguska) and some lakes of the Igarsky region, in which it is represented by a lacustrine-river form. In the rivers Podkamennaya and Nizhnaya Tunguska forms local herds. The highest concentrations of tugun are noted in the Lower Yenisei, in the area from the Angara to the Lower Tunguska. In Podkamennaya Tunguska it is the most numerous species. In the recent past, it was widely distributed in the Hangar. In most of the tributaries, it is inhabited mainly by their lower reaches. Maximum age 7+. Length up to 20 cm, weight up to 80 g, but usually fish weighing 20-30 g are found in catches.
	Prosopium cylindraceum (Pallas, 1784) - common roll	ABORIGEN	KKKK 3rd cat.
		Valek in the Yenisei is distributed from the headwaters to the mouth. Occurs in right-bank tributaries: Tuba, Abakan, Angara, Podkamennaya and Nizhnyaya Tunguska, Kurenka, Khantayka, etc. It is known in rivers flowing into the delta, throat and bay. Inhabits high-flow channel and mountain lakes in the south of the region. Common in the lake. Khantaysky. The age limit is 10-15 years. Some individuals reach a length of 52 cm and a weight of 2.2 kg. The usual length of the roll is 20-40 cm.
	Stenodus leucichthys nelma (Pallas, 1773) - nelma	ABORIGEN
		Nelma is a typical semi-anadromous fish. Its main habitat is the lower reaches of the Yenisei - the delta, the mouth with the throat and the southern freshened part of the Yenisei Gulf. Occurs singly in the coastal zone of the middle part of the bay, mainly in those areas where tundra rivers flow into. Along the Yenisei it rises to Podkamennaya Tunguska and higher. It is known in a number of large tributaries of the Yenisei - Podkamennaya Tunguska, Nizhnyaya Tunguska, Kureyka, Khantayka, and others. In the rivers Yara and Tanama, floodplain lakes of the left-bank delta of the Yenisei, juveniles are found, the adult nelma does not live in them. In the Yenisei, along with the semi-anadromous form, in some reservoirs, apparently, inhabited nelma lives, however, there is no specific data indicating the presence of this form of nelma. Nelma reaches a length of 150 cm and a mass of 28 (occasionally up to 40) kg. The maximum age is up to 22 years.
Grayling family THYMALLIDAE Gill, 1884
	Thymallus arcticus (Pallas, 1776) - Siberian grayling	ABORIGEN
		Siberian grayling is found almost throughout the Yenisei. Most typical for numerous right-bank tributaries and lakes of the Upper and Middle Yenisei. In the Lower Yenisei (north of the Kureika River) it is not numerous. Inhabits lakes and reservoirs of the tundra, forest-tundra, very rare in the estuarine zone. In the water it is hardly noticeable, since the color of the back is similar to the color of the ground or stone. Reaches a mass of 1 kg, on average 300-400 g, length - 0.5 m.
	Thymallus arcticus. pallasi Vallencienes, 1848 - East Siberian grayling	ABORIGEN
		East Siberian grayling is found in the rivers of the Taimyr Peninsula: Pyasine, Khatanga, Taimyr. Along with the Siberian grayling, it is found in the lower reaches of the Yenisei, in small rivers flowing into the bay, the throat and delta of the Yenisei. Inhabits tributaries of the lake. Khantaysky, Kulumbinsky lakes, which have a connection with him, lake. Dupkun and Koksichan (pool of the Kureiki river). Unlike the Siberian grayling, the East Siberian grayling has small black, red and purple spots on the back, sides and dorsal fin. A red stripe runs along the edge of the dorsal fin. The scales are somewhat smaller than those of the Siberian grayling. The dorsal fin is very high; in the folded state it reaches the caudal fin in males.
Family Smelt OSMERIDAE Regan, 1913
	Osmerus mordax (Mitchill, 1815) - Asian toothed smelt	ABORIGEN
		Asiatic smelt is a small semi-anadromous fish with a brownish-green back and silvery sides and belly; it spends most of its life in the saline waters of the southern part of the Yenisei Gulf and in the bay. Distributed in the Yenisei from the mouth of the Lower Tunguska to the bay inclusive. Occurs in some small rivers flowing into the throat and the bay. The maximum size is 34 cm (White Sea), weight is 342 g and the age limit is 10-11 years.
Pike family ESOCIDAE Cuvier, 1816
	Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1758 - common pike	ABORIGEN
		Pike is one of the most widespread predatory slaves in the Yenisei basin. Found almost everywhere; in rivers, lakes, ponds, reservoirs, swamps and peat quarries. Occurs in the delta, in the bay, as well as in the mouths of the rivers flowing into the Yenisei Gulf. The maximum age of the Yenisei pike does not exceed 13-15 years, reaches a length of 130 cm and a weight of 10.5 kg (Podkamennaya Tunguska River), more often 0.5-2 kg.
Carp family CYPRINIDAE Bonaparte, 1832
	Abramis brama (Linnaeus, 1758) - bream	ACCLIMATIZANT
		Bream in 1962-1970 was successfully acclimatized in the Krasnoyarsk reservoir, but only 20 years later took one of the leading places in the fishery. Subsequently, it penetrated the Yenisei and is now very widespread. The southern border of its area is confined to the Sayano-Shushensky reservoir, and the northern one is approaching the Arctic Circle. Lives up to 20 years, usually up to 12-14 years. It can reach a length of 75-80 cm and a weight of 6-9 kg. The usual dimensions are 25-45 cm and a weight of 0.5-1.5 kg. In the Krasnoyarsk reservoir, bream reaches a length of 0.5 m and a mass of 3-4 kg, but usually it is much smaller - up to 1 kg
	Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch, 1782) - goldfish	UNIVERSE
		The silver carp, brought from the Amur basin, was released into the steppe and forest-steppe lakes in the south of the region in 1960-1964. In these lakes, there was a gradual replacement of the local crucian carp (golden carp) by the imported silver carp, up to the complete disappearance of the last of the commercial catches. Nevertheless, both species are often found in the same reservoir (Turukhan, Sym, Kas, Krasnoyarsk reservoir). At present, the silver carp is widespread in the reservoirs of the Yenisei basin. The silver carp is smaller than the gold carp, more runny. It differs from gold in larger scales, a large number of gill stamens and a more silvery color of the sides and abdomen. Lives up to 14-15 years, usually 7-10 years. Reaches a maximum length of 45 cm and a mass of more than 1 kg, usually no more than 20 cm and 350 g.
	Carassius carassius (Linnaeus, 1758) golden, or common, crucian carp	ABORIGEN
		Gold carp, or common, is widespread in the Yenisei basin. In the south, it lives in shallow, heavily overgrown and silted with stagnant water lakes, ponds, oxbows, peat quarries. It is especially numerous in the basins of small, quiet left-bank tributaries of the Yenisei (Kae, Sym, Dubches, Turukhan, etc.). It is rarely found in the reservoirs of the Arctic. There have been isolated cases of catching crucian carp in the lakes of the islands of the Yenisei delta. The fish is medium in size. Lives up to 10-12 years. Reaches a length of 50 cm and a weight of 5 kg (Upper Volga), but the usual sizes in catches are 9-24 cm and a weight of up to 600 g.
	Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758 - carp, common carp	ACCLIMATIZANT
		Carp in the Krasnoyarsk Territory is one of the main objects of pond and industrial fish farming. In 1962-1970. Carp, together with bream, was successfully acclimatized in the Krasnoyarsk reservoir and from there penetrated the Yenisei and some of its tributaries (Abakan, Kan). Nevertheless, it is extremely rare in natural reservoirs of the Yenisei basin. It is known mainly in the floodplain lakes in the south of the region. Carp is a large fish, reaching a mass of over 7 kg and a length of 70-80 cm.
	Gobio gobio cynocephalus Dybowski, 1869 - Siberian gudgeon	ABORIGEN
		Siberian gudgeon belongs to fish common in the Yenisei system. Inhabits large and small rivers, streams, lakes, mainly flowing, ponds and reservoirs. In the Yenisei it is found up to the Arctic Circle. It is known in its large tributaries (Jean, Angara, Sym, Podkamennaya Tunguska, Nizhnyaya Tunguska, Turukhan). Reaches an age of 8-10 years, a length of 20 cm and a weight of 226 g, but the usual size is no more than 12-15 cm. Females are larger than males.
	Leucaspius delineatus (Heckel, 1843) - verkhovka	UNIVERSE
		The upper section in the Yenisei has not been encountered before. According to the head. Fishery Laboratory NIIERVNB Yu.V. Mikhalev, the verkhovka was first introduced to the Uzhursky pond farm in 1963 together with the larvae and fry of carp from Kursk. From fish-breeding ponds, it independently settled in the natural reservoirs of the region. Currently, in the southern regions it is widespread, especially numerous in the river basins of the Upper Yenisei, where it inhabits rivers, small lakes, ponds, in the north of the region it is unknown. Lives up to 5 years. Reaches a length of 8-9 cm, more often 6 cm
	Leuciscus idus (Linnaeus, 1758) - ide	ABORIGEN
		Ide is the most common fish in the Yenisei basin. Inhabits from the headwaters to the delta, inclusive. Recorded in the bay and estuarine zones of rivers flowing into the Yenisei Gulf. It prefers relatively small left-bank tributaries - the Sym, Kas, Dubchesu, Elogoy, Turukhan and others, which have a well-developed floodplain system. In the right-bank tributaries - the Nizhnaya and Podkamennaya Tungus, Kureyka - large watercourses with a fast current, a rocky bottom and a poor forage base, the ide is few in number. Inhabits large continental lakes, reservoirs, but in them it is usually rare. Lives up to 15-20 years. It can reach a length of up to 1 m and a weight of 6-8 kg, but the usual dimensions are 30-50 cm and a weight of about 1 kg.
	Leuciscus leuciscus baikalensis (Dybowskii, 1874) - Siberian dace	ABORIGEN
		Distributed throughout the Yenisei, including its deltaic tributaries (the Tanama river). Known in all rivers, floodplain water bodies, flowing lakes and reservoirs. Especially abundant in the reservoirs of the Upper and Middle Yenisei. Below the mouth of the Podkamennaya Tunguska, its number decreases markedly. It rarely reaches a length of 20-25 cm and a mass of 200-400 g, usually its dimensions are about 15 cm and a mass of 50-80 g. The life expectancy is no more than 8-10 (13) years.
	Phoxinus czekanowskii Dybowski, 1869 - Chekanovsky's minnow	ABORIGEN
		Minnow Chekanovsky lives in the Yenisei, in the area from Dudinka to Minusinsk. According to the survey, it is found together with the lake minnow in floodplain and continental lakes, but everywhere it is small in number. It is known in the tributaries of the Yenisei, mainly in the upper reaches and associated lakes. Very close to the lake minnow. It differs from it in a more elongated body, color and some morphological differences. Small fish, reaches a length of 10 cm. Age was not determined.
	Phoxinus perenurus (Pallas, 1814) - lake minnow	ABORIGEN
		Unlike the common minnow, the lake minnow inhabits stagnant, silted and overgrown water bodies with a significant oxygen deficiency. It can be found in swampy lakes, in which, except for him and crucian carp, no other fish can live. It prefers to swim mainly in the coastal zone, among vegetation, where it finds good places for feeding and breeding. Reaches a length of 18 cm, usually 8-15 cm and a mass of 100 g. Lives up to 5-6 years.
	Phoxinus phoxinus (Linnaeus, 1758) - common minnow	ABORIGEN
		One of the most common fish in the Yenisei system. Occurs from the headwaters to the mouth. Some researchers noted in the rivers flowing into the Yenisei delta (Tanama river), but it is especially numerous in the right-bank tributaries. Inhabits mainly the upper and middle sections of many rivers. Known in lakes with clean cool water. Reaches a length of 12.5 cm (usually 8-9 cm), a weight of 9-10 g and an age of 5 years.
	Rutilus rutilus (lacustris) (Linnaeus, 1758) - roach (Siberian)	ABORIGEN
		Distributed in the Yenisei along the entire course and in its tributaries. Especially numerous on the section of the river. Sym - r. Turukhan. In more northern water bodies, it is few in number. Occasionally falls into the river. Taname (left bank tributary of the delta). Lives in rivers (except for mountainous areas), rivers, channels, lakes, reservoirs and non-growing ponds. In the reservoirs of the Yenisei basin, roach reaches a length of 32 cm and a mass of 760 g (the Turukhan River). However, such large fish are not common. Usually roach is 17-22 cm long and weighs 120-240 g. Life expectancy is up to 16-17 years.
	Tinca tinca (Linnaeus, 1758) - tench	ABORIGEN
		Tench is found in small quantities in the Yenisei and floodplain water bodies in the area between Minusinsk and the river. Shim, in Chulym and Angara. It inhabits mainly deep non-marine lakes. Despite the high fertility, tench in the water bodies of the Krasnoyarsk Territory is not numerous and has no significant commercial value. It reaches a length of 63 cm and a mass of 7.5 kg, but usually its dimensions do not exceed 30 cm and a mass of 1.5 kg. Lives up to 10 years or more.
Balitorian family BALITORIDAE Swainson, 1839
	Barbatula toni (Dybowski, 1869) - Siberian char-barbel	ABORIGEN
		Siberian char is found throughout the Yenisei from the headwaters to the mouth. Known in its tributaries. Not found in the delta. This is a small fish 13-15 cm long and weighing 20-25 g with an almost naked (hence the name) body, somewhat compressed from the sides, of the same height along the entire length. On the upper jaw there are three antennae larvae. The body is covered with very small, invisible scales for the naked eye. It reaches a length of 22 cm, a weight of 70 g and lives up to 6 years, but the usual size is 7-10 cm. In Gorny Altai, in the lake. Dzhulyu-Kol, the largest Siberian chars were found 27 cm long, weighing 103 g at the age of 17+ (Gundrizer et al., 1984.
Loach family COBITIDAE Swainson, 1838
	Cobitis melanoleuca Nichols, 1925 - Siberian spiny	ABORIGEN
		Siberian splinter is found in the reservoirs of the Upper Yenisei in almost all rivers and many lakes. In the Yenisei, the exact boundaries of the spike distribution have not been established. Its presence in the Yenisei from Minusinsk to Kureika is noted. In Russia it reaches a length of 13 cm and a weight of 10 g (Nikolsky, 1956), on the Korea Peninsula - up to 20 cm (Choi et al., 1990).
Catfish family SILURIDAE Cuvier, 1816
	Parasilurus asotus (Linnaeus, 1758) - Amur catfish	ACCLIMATIZANT
		Amur catfish is widespread in the waters of China, Korea and Japan. In our country, it is known in the Amur basin. Relatively recently it was introduced into the Bratsk reservoir and the lake. Baikal. It appeared in the Yenisei recently. There have been isolated cases of its capture in the area of the confluence of the Angara and downstream. It is assumed that from Baikal the catfish initially penetrated into the Bratsk reservoir, later into the Angara and already along it into the Yenisei. The distribution and features of his lifestyle in the Yenisei have not been studied. In the catches, there are individuals up to 1 m long and weighing 6-8 kg under the age of 18 years. However, in most water bodies, its populations consist of individuals of 8-10 age groups, they are based on individuals 4-6 years old up to 60 cm long and weighing 1.5-2.0 kg
Family Tereskovye Gadidea
	Boreogadus saida - Arctic cod, polar cod
		It is not a permanent inhabitant of fresh waters, but it is regularly observed in the northern part of the Yenisei Bay and in the coastal area of the bay. Length up to 30 cm. Lives up to 6-7 years.
Burbot family LOTIDAE Jordan et Evermann, 1898
	Lota lota (Linnaeus, 1758) - burbot	ABORIGEN
		Burbot is widespread throughout the Yenisei. It is especially numerous in the lower reaches of the Yenisei. Inhabits almost all water bodies of the additional system: rivers, floodplain and continental lakes, reservoirs. Occasionally found in the bay, mainly at the mouths of rivers flowing into it. Reaches a length of 120 cm and a weight of 24 kg, the maximum age is 24 years. Usually in commercial catches up to 60-80 cm and 3-6 kg.
Family Stickleback GASTEROSTEIDAE Bonaparte, 1832
	Pungitius pungitius (Linnaeus, 1758) - nine-spined stickleback	ABORIGEN
		Nine-spined stickleback is widespread in the lower reaches of the Yenisei. Occurs from the Kureika to the delta channels, inclusive. Inhabits the basins of all tributaries of the delta, bay and bay. It is known in the lakes of the tundra and forest-tundra. It can change color depending on the season. Body length up to 9 cm. Life expectancy is 5 years, but in most populations it is 2-3 years (Zyuganov, 1991).
Perch family PERCIDAE Cuvier, 1816
	Gymnocephalus cernuus (Linnaeus, 1758) - common ruff	ABORIGEN
		Common ruff is widespread in the waters of the region, especially numerous in the adventitious system. It lives in large and small rivers, floodplain and continental lakes, reservoirs and ponds. Known in tundra rivers flowing into the bay. In most water bodies, small ruff predominates in catches. The maximum length of the ruff is 18.5 cm, weight is 208 g. There are indications that in some cases it can reach a weight of 500 g and a length of 27 cm at a maximum age of 15 years (Popova et al., 1998).
	Regsa fluviatilis Linnaeus, 1758 - river bass	ABORIGEN
		Perch is ubiquitous in rivers, floodplain and mainland lakes, and reservoirs of the region. It is found in small quantities in the Yenisei delta. The maximum age is 17 years, the length is 51 cm and the weight is 4.8 kg. Typically, commercial catches are dominated by individuals up to 30 cm long, on average 15-20 cm and weighing 200-300 g at the age of 4-6 years.
Kerchakov family COTTIDAE Bonaparte, 1832
	Cottocomephorus grewingkii (Dybowski, 1874)	UNIVERSE
		Occurs in the Bratsk reservoir. The boundaries of the area are not established. The biology of this species in the Yenisei has not been studied. Distributed throughout Baikal and in the area of the source of the river. Hangars, to the village of Nikola. The species is most confined to the southern part of the lake. The age limit is 5+ years. Reaches 19 cm in length, usually less. Females are smaller than males.
	Cottus poecilopus Heckel, 1836 - variegated sculpin	ABORIGEN
		Spotted sculpin is known in some tributaries of the Yenisei (Abakan, Podkamennaya Tunguska, Angara, etc.). The border of its distribution has not been established. This is a small fish. Some specimens reach 14 cm (Abakan river), usually much smaller. The body is fan-shaped. The maximum length is 145 mm. Life expectancy is 6-7 years (Berg, 19496). The maximum length from the reservoirs of East Siberia is 116 mm and the weight is 16.5 g.
	Cottus sibiricus Kessler, 1899 - Siberian sculpin	ABORIGEN
		Siberian sculpin is widespread in the waters of the region. It is found throughout the Yenisei and its tributaries (Abakan, Tuba, Sisim, Kan, Angara, Podkamennaya and Nizhnyaya Tunguska, Turukhan Tanama, etc.). The northern border of its distribution is unknown. The maximum age is 10 years (Lake Teletskoye, Lena), in the Angara - 9. The maximum length of fish was noted for individuals from the river. Lena - 158 mm and weight 61.8 g. Typically, catches come across fish up to 5 years old, 7 cm long and weighing 8 g (Gundrizer et al., 1981; Bogdanov, 2000).
	Leocottus kesslerii (Dybowski, 1874) - sandy broadhead	UNIVERSE
		The indigenous inhabitant of the lake. Baikal, subsequently penetrated into the Bratsk reservoir, and from there into the Angara. Occurs in the lower reaches of the Angara and adjacent areas of the Middle and Lower Yenisei. The boundaries of the area have not been established. The biology of this species in the Yenisei has not been studied.
	Paracottus knerii (Dybowski, 1874) - stone broadhead	UNIVERSE
		Found in the coastal zone of the lake. Baikal to a depth of 150 m, enters all of its tributaries, except for the river. Selenga. Recorded in the Angara and Yenisei rivers and their tributaries, as well as in the lakes of Tuva and in the lake. Upper Agata (Yenisei basin, Putorana plateau). Available in lakes Gramninsky, Kulinda and Verkhneye Kicherskoe (Baikal basin) Maximum length 14.5 cm, usually 7-9 cm. Males are larger than females. Lives up to 7 years.
	Triglopsis quadricornis (Linnaeus, 1758) - four-horned goby, slingshot	ABORIGEN
		The slingshot lives mainly in the coastal zone of the Kara Sea. Common in the Yenisei Gulf, the throat and the northern part of the bay. Occasionally appears in the delta. Occurs in estuarine zones of rivers flowing into the Yenisei Gulf. The body of the slingshot is fusiform. The head is large with two pairs of well-defined tubercles. The maximum length of marine forms is 40 cm, weight is 500 g, of lacustrine forms - up to 20-28 cm. Lives more than 11 years (Berg, 19496).
Family Pleuronectidea
	Liopsetta glacialis - Arctic flounder	ABORIGEN
		Inhabits the estuarine zone of the Yenisei basin. Also inhabits the White, Barents (southeastern part), East Siberian, Kara, Bering and Okhotsk seas. It prefers to swim in the coastal area on a muddy bottom. It enters the rivers and rises quite high along them. It feeds on molluscs, worms, crustaceans, small fish. Reaches a length of 35 cm.

Grayling (Thymallus thymallus) - a close relative of salmon and whitefishes, it lives only in the Northern Hemisphere. It inhabits clean cold-water rivers and lakes, preferring reservoirs with pebble and rocky bottom. It can form river, lacustrine-riverine and purely lacustrine forms.

Muksun

Muksun (Coregonus muksun) is one of the most valuable northern commercial fish of the whitefish family. Muksun inhabits almost all large rivers of Siberia - Ob, Irtysh, Yenisei, Lena. Muksun reaches a length of 0.75 meters and a weight of up to 8 kg.

Chir

Chir (Coregonus nasus) belongs to the family of whitefishes of the order salmoniformes. Chir is one of the most widespread fish species in the Yenisei and Ob systems. It lives mainly in the Arctic Circle and near it. Chir, or as it is sometimes called schokur, has a run-through, fleshy, laterally compressed body.

Ide

Ide (Leuciscus idus)- fish of the carp family. Distributed in water bodies of Europe and most of Siberia. The ide usually reaches 0.7 m in length, weight - 3-4 kg. In some reservoirs of Siberia, ides reach a weight of up to 8-9 kg. Color - gray-silver, darker on the back than on the belly.

Carp

Carp (Carassius)- a genus of fish of the carp family. The dorsal fin is long, the pharyngeal teeth are single-row. There are two types of crucian carp - golden, or common, crucian carp ( Carassius carassius) and goldfish ( Carassius auratus).

Dace

Dace (Leuciscus leuciscus)- a species of fish of the carp family. In appearance and habits, the dace occupies a certain intermediate position between the ide and the roach. It is an oblong fish, compressed from the sides, with medium-sized scales. In Siberia, especially large herring daces weighing 300 and even 400 grams are occasionally caught.

Ruff

Ruff (Gymnocephalus cernuus)- a species of fish from the perch family. It is a freshwater fish that lives in water bodies of Europe and northern Asia (mostly in Siberia). The ruff was named for ruffling all of its fins when it senses danger.

Bream

Bream (Abramis brama)- a representative of the genus of bream from the carp family. It lives throughout Europe east of the Pyrenees and north of the Alps. In the 70s of the last century, it began to spread widely and now lives in almost all regions of western Siberia.

Tench

Lin (Tinca Tinca)- fish of the carp family. In Europe, this species is a fairly common representative of river and lake fauna. To the east of the Urals, it is less common, but the border of the continuous range of the line reaches the middle course of the Yenisei and its tributaries.

Burbot

Burbot (Lota lota)- the only freshwater fish from the cod family. Distributed in the rivers of Europe, Siberia, North America. Reaches a size of up to 2 meters in length and a weight of 20-25 kg. The usual size is 500-700 grams.

Nelma

Nelma (Stenodus leucichthys nelma)- fish of the salmon family, whitefish genus. Nelma is the largest representative of whitefishes, reaches a length of up to 1.5 m and weighs up to 50 kg. The average weight of nelma ranges from 5 to 10 kg.

Perch

Perch (lat.Perca)... Perch is one of the most common fish in our country and Siberia in particular. It inhabits rivers, lakes, ponds and estuaries of rivers flowing into the sea. In Siberia, perch is found everywhere up to the Lena basin in the east.

Sturgeon

Sturgeon (Acipenser)- a genus of fish of the sturgeon family. Inhabits the rivers of Siberia from the Ob to the Kolyma and further to the Indigirka. A large number of sturgeons are found in the Ob basin - A. baeri and partly A. stenorhynchus, in the Yenisei basin the same two species.

Gudgeon

Gudgeon (Gobio gobio)... Siberian gudgeon is a subspecies of common gudgeon. It is widely found in Siberia, except for its northern parts. It reaches a length of 22 cm and a weight of 200 grams, but is rarely found larger than 10-15 cm.

Winter fishing competitions are regularly held on Lake Baikal. There are plenty of similar, interesting places in Siberia and the Far East, you just need to choose a suitable place.

The following fish species are caught in the Far East:

40% herring.
100% crabs.
99% salmon.
90% flounder.
60% shellfish.

Fish species inhabiting Siberia and the Far East

Grayling

Grayling belongs to the salmon species and is the most common species inhabiting water bodies located closer to the northern latitudes. The largest number of this fish is found in the rivers of Siberia. He prefers rivers and lakes with clean water, while the water must be cold.

The most common individuals reach a weight of about 1 kilogram, although specimens weighing up to 3 kilograms come across. Despite this, a grayling weighing 6.8 kilograms was caught.

This fish is considered omnivorous because the diet includes midges, grasshoppers, flies, algae, molluscs, and insect larvae. If he comes across caviar of other types of fish on his way, he eats it.

He prefers to stay close to rifts, near huge stones, on rapids, etc., where anglers with tackle are waiting for him. Grayling is caught, both with an ordinary float rod, and with spinning or fly fishing. In the case of using various lures, you should give preference to small specimens. If you take a larger bait, you can catch a larger fish, although in this case you will have to wait much longer for a bite.

Belongs to the whitefish family, and is also a valuable industrial fish. This fish is found in any large river in Siberia. Fish is prized due to the presence of a sufficient amount of nutrients in meat.

Muksun grows up to 75 cm in length and can gain weight up to 12 kilograms, although, in general, there are individuals weighing no more than 2 kilograms. Despite this, fishermen catch even more catchy specimens, weighing up to 7 kilograms. If a fisherman caught a fish weighing about 3 kilograms, then this is a huge success for him. They catch this fish with nets, if there is no ban, since in some regions there is still a ban.

This fish does not need to be caught with nets, as muksun responds well to artificial baits such as flies.

Another fish that represents whitefish. The largest populations of this fish are observed in the Ob and Yenisei rivers. Fish prefers fresh waters more, although they can live and develop in semi-fresh waters. Cheer is also found in Kamchatka. As a rule, individuals come across, no more than half a meter long and weighing no more than 3 kilograms. Despite this, a fish was caught, weighing about 11 kilograms, which grew in length to 84 centimeters.

Basically, this fish is caught with nets, but it bites perfectly on a fishing rod or on a spinning rod. As baits, you can take both living objects, in the form of mollusks, insects and larvae, and artificial baits that imitate the movements of living objects in the water. Edible rubber baits are very popular.

This fish is a prominent representative of the carp family, and has a huge distribution, both in Europe and Siberia. Ide is considered an omnivorous fish, but prefers rivers or lakes with warmer water. Therefore, the main places where you can find ide are ponds, lakes and rivers, but not mountainous ones, where the water is cold and clean.

The ide grows up to half a meter in length, with a weight of about 3 kilograms, although individuals weighing up to 9 kilograms were found in some rivers of Siberia. Ide is caught on ordinary float gear or spinning rods equipped with artificial catching lures.

The most favorable time for catching it is the onset of darkness. It is also caught on ordinary worms.

This fish is also a representative of whitefishes, but the largest of them. Prefers rivers and river basins located closer to the Arctic Ocean, as well as water bodies of Siberia.

On average, there are individuals weighing about 10 kilograms, and nelma grows up to 50 kilograms. Differs in unsurpassed taste characteristics. Thanks to such taste data, this species is caught very intensively, therefore, in some regions of Siberia, it is prohibited to catch it.

It is almost impossible to catch this fish on spinning, therefore it is caught industrially.

Another representative of whitefishes, the largest populations of which are recorded in Lake Baikal.

The omul grows to a small size and can weigh no more than 8 kilograms. Omul is caught all year round, both from the shore and from a boat. He takes small baits, which are distinguished by bright colors. Quite often, it is caught with an ordinary fish, for meat or just for foam rubber. In winter, this fish can be up to 200 meters deep, which requires special gear. Therefore, winter fishing for omul is fraught with serious difficulties.

Pyzhyan is found in various reservoirs of Siberia. It grows in length up to 0.8 meters and can reach a weight of about 5 kilograms. This fish is caught on hook nets or seines. Amateur anglers use common gear and lures. The diet of this fish includes insects and their larvae, as well as molluscs.

This fish prefers rivers that are located closer to the North. Most of this fish is found in such large rivers as the Lena, Yenisei, Ob, etc. Occasionally, but you can find specimens more than a meter long and weighing almost 100 kilograms. It is better to catch this fish in spring and summer with the help of seines.

This is a fish that belongs to the salmon species and which prefers freshwater bodies. Lenok is widespread in Siberia and the Far East. Prefers to stay on the rifts, as well as in mountain rivers. Lenok is considered an exclusively predatory fish that feeds on such living organisms as flies, molluscs, insects, worms, etc. Lenok is caught exclusively on spinning, using various spinners, wobblers or flies for effective fishing.

This salmon species is listed in the Red Book. It is forbidden to catch taimen in almost all bodies of water. Likes to be in fresh but cold water. He does not go out to sea. It can grow up to 2 meters in length and weigh about 80 kilograms.

Pike is a predatory fish that inhabits almost all water bodies of Russia and Siberia, as well as the Far East is no exception. Individual specimens weighing up to 35 kilograms and more than 1 meter long are not uncommon here. The most productive periods for pike hunting are spring and autumn. Pike is caught mainly on spinning, using various artificial lures.

Yelets prefers reservoirs with flowing and crystal clear water. It is caught on ordinary float rods. As a hook attachment, you can take a worm, maggot, bloodworm, ordinary bread or cereal.

Burbot is the only cod species that prefers fresh water. It is most widespread in places that are close to the Arctic Ocean. In addition, it is found in almost all taiga zones. Mostly individuals weighing no more than 1 kg are caught on the hook, although there are individual specimens weighing up to 25 kilograms.

Burbot is more active in cold periods, and it spawns exclusively in winter, in severe frosts. Since burbot also belongs to predatory fish species, it is better to catch it with animal baits.

This is the only representative of the Chukuchanov family that can be found in the reservoirs of Siberia and the Far East. Chukuchan is also a predatory fish and prefers baits of animal origin more. Therefore, it is better to catch it with mollusks, worms, insects and their larvae.

Chebak

This is a representative of the carp family. Distributed throughout Siberia and the Urals. Although the fish is not large, mostly there are individuals weighing about 3 kilograms. Chebak does not refuse either animal or plant food, therefore, you can catch him with any type of bait, but he is caught with an ordinary float rod.

Peculiarities

The most important feature of fishing in these places is the dispersal of reservoirs over a large area, which is not so easy to get to without special transport. An equally important feature is the current prohibitions on catching certain fish species that are listed in the Red Book. Therefore, fishing in Siberia and the Far East is fraught with some difficulties. In this regard, there is nothing to do here alone, especially without special permission.

The advantage of fishing in these places is that there are simply a huge number of fish species. Free fishing is allowed in most bodies of water. Despite this, there are already plots where the territory is either privatized or leased. To get to such a territory for the sake of fishing, you will have to pay a lot of money.

Fishing in the Far East is especially relevant in the autumn, when grayling is caught. During this period, a huge number of fishermen come here.

The most interesting place is the Ob River, as well as a pond in the immediate vicinity of the village of Razdolnoye. Here you can fish under a license with a limited amount of fish caught. An equally interesting place is Tennis Lake.

No less interesting places await anglers on the reservoirs of the Tomsk and Omsk regions. In the Far East, fishermen choose the Sea of Japan and Okhotsk, as well as the Peter the Great Bay, the tributaries of the Kolyma and Indigirka. These places are considered one of the most interesting in terms of fishing. Here you can catch pollock, lenok, taimen, char, grayling and other types of fish.

In other words, Siberia and the Far East are a real paradise for anglers.

Read:

Diabetic polyneuropathy Diabetic polyneuropathy mkb 10 in adults Alphabet ® mom's health vitamin and mineral complex Liver disease microbial code 10 What are Nitroxoline tablets taken from? Scientists still don't know why the human body stopped producing vitamin C

New

How to restore the menstrual cycle after childbirth: